DeepLearningtoolbox(4):cnntrain.m

%opts,神经网络的相关训练参数; 
%net,神经网络;x,训练数据矩阵;y,训练数据的标签矩阵;
function net = cnntrain(net, x, y, opts)
    m = size(x, 3);%训练样本的个数
    %disp(['样本总个数=' num2str(m)]);
    numbatches = m / opts.batchsize;
    %rem(numbatches,1)就相当于取其小数部分,如果为0,就是整数。
    if rem(numbatches, 1) ~= 0
        error('numbatches not integer');
    end

    net.rL = [];%代价函数值,也就是误差值 
    for i = 1 : opts.numepochs
        %disp(X) 打印数组元素
        disp(['epoch ' num2str(i) '/' num2str(opts.numepochs)]);
        %tic和toc是用来计时的,计算这两条语句之间所消耗的时间,
        tic;

    %P=ransperm(N) 返回[1,N]之间所有整数的一个随机序列,这相当于把原来的样本排列打乱。
    %再使用打乱后的样本进行训练
    kk = randperm(m);%打乱样本
    for l = 1 : numbatches%样本依次进入网络
    %取出打乱顺序后的batchsize个样本和对应的标签
        batch_x = x(:, :, kk((l - 1) * opts.batchsize + 1 : l * opts.batchsize));  
        batch_y = y(:,    kk((l - 1) * opts.batchsize + 1 : l * opts.batchsize)); 

        %在当前的网络权值和网络输入下计算网络的输出(特征向量)
        net = cnnff(net, batch_x);%前向过程

        %得到网络的输出之后,通过对应的样本标签用bp算法来得到误差对网络权值的导数,调整网络权值。
        net = cnnbp(net, batch_y); %卷积神经网络的BP算法

        %得到误差对权值的导数后,通过权值更新方法去更新权值。
        net = cnnapplygrads(net, opts);
        if isempty(net.rL)  
            net.rL(1) = net.L;%代价函数值,即误差值。
        end
        net.rL(end + 1) = 0.99 * net.rL(end) + 0.01 * net.L; %采用累积的方式计算累积误差
        %采用累积误差的计算方式来评估当前网络性能,即当前误差 = 以前误差 * 0.99 + 本次误差 * 0.01,使得网络尽可能收敛到全局最优
    end
    toc;
end
end
深度学习工具包 Deprecation notice. ----- This toolbox is outdated and no longer maintained. There are much better tools available for deep learning than this toolbox, e.g. [Theano](http://deeplearning.net/software/theano/), [torch](http://torch.ch/) or [tensorflow](http://www.tensorflow.org/) I would suggest you use one of the tools mentioned above rather than use this toolbox. Best, Rasmus. DeepLearnToolbox ================ A Matlab toolbox for Deep Learning. Deep Learning is a new subfield of machine learning that focuses on learning deep hierarchical models of data. It is inspired by the human brain's apparent deep (layered, hierarchical) architecture. A good overview of the theory of Deep Learning theory is [Learning Deep Architectures for AI](http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~bengioy/papers/ftml_book.pdf) For a more informal introduction, see the following videos by Geoffrey Hinton and Andrew Ng. * [The Next Generation of Neural Networks](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AyzOUbkUf3M) (Hinton, 2007) * [Recent Developments in Deep Learning](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdIURAu1-aU) (Hinton, 2010) * [Unsupervised Feature Learning and Deep Learning](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZmNOAtZIgIk) (Ng, 2011) If you use this toolbox in your research please cite [Prediction as a candidate for learning deep hierarchical models of data](http://www2.imm.dtu.dk/pubdb/views/publication_details.php?id=6284) ``` @MASTERSTHESIS\{IMM2012-06284, author = "R. B. Palm", title = "Prediction as a candidate for learning deep hierarchical models of data", year = "2012", } ``` Contact: rasmusbergpalm at gmail dot com Directories included in the toolbox ----------------------------------- `NN/` - A library for Feedforward Backpropagation Neural Networks `CNN/` - A library for Convolutional Neural Networks `DBN/` - A library for Deep Belief Networks `SAE/` - A library for Stacked Auto-Encoders `CAE/` - A library for Convolutional Auto-Encoders `util/` - Utility functions used by the libraries `data/` - Data used by the examples `tests/` - unit tests to verify toolbox is working For references on each library check REFS.md Setup ----- 1. Download. 2. addpath(genpath('DeepLearnToolbox')); Example: Deep Belief Network --------------------- ```matlab function test_example_DBN load mnist_uint8; train_x = double(train_x) / 255; test_x = double(test_x) / 255; train_y = double(train_y); test_y = double(test_y); %% ex1 train a 100 hidden unit RBM and visualize its weights rand('state',0) dbn.sizes = [100]; opts.numepochs = 1; opts.batchsize = 100; opts.momentum = 0; opts.alpha = 1; dbn = dbnsetup(dbn, train_x, opts); dbn = dbntrain(dbn, train_x, opts); figure; visualize(dbn.rbm{1}.W'); % Visualize the RBM weights %% ex2 train a 100-100 hidden unit DBN and use its weights to initialize a NN rand('state',0) %train dbn dbn.sizes = [100 100]; opts.numepochs = 1; opts.batchsize = 100; opts.momentum = 0; opts.alpha = 1; dbn = dbnsetup(dbn, train_x, opts); dbn = dbntrain(dbn, train_x, opts); %unfold dbn to nn nn = dbnunfoldtonn(dbn, 10); nn.activation_function = 'sigm'; %train nn opts.numepochs = 1; opts.batchsize = 100; nn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.10, 'Too big error'); ``` Example: Stacked Auto-Encoders --------------------- ```matlab function test_example_SAE load mnist_uint8; train_x = double(train_x)/255; test_x = double(test_x)/255; train_y = double(train_y); test_y = double(test_y); %% ex1 train a 100 hidden unit SDAE and use it to initialize a FFNN % Setup and train a stacked denoising autoencoder (SDAE) rand('state',0) sae = saesetup([784 100]); sae.ae{1}.activation_function = 'sigm'; sae.ae{1}.learningRate = 1; sae.ae{1}.inputZeroMaskedFraction = 0.5; opts.numepochs = 1; opts.batchsize = 100; sae = saetrain(sae, train_x, opts); visualize(sae.ae{1}.W{1}(:,2:end)') % Use the SDAE to initialize a FFNN nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]); nn.activation_function = 'sigm'; nn.learningRate = 1; nn.W{1} = sae.ae{1}.W{1}; % Train the FFNN opts.numepochs = 1; opts.batchsize = 100; nn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.16, 'Too big error'); ``` Example: Convolutional Neural Nets --------------------- ```matlab function test_example_CNN load mnist_uint8; train_x = double(reshape(train_x',28,28,60000))/255; test_x = double(reshape(test_x',28,28,10000))/255; train_y = double(train_y'); test_y = double(test_y'); %% ex1 Train a 6c-2s-12c-2s Convolutional neural network %will run 1 epoch in about 200 second and get around 11% error. %With 100 epochs you'll get around 1.2% error rand('state',0) cnn.layers = { struct('type', 'i') %input layer struct('type', 'c', 'outputmaps', 6, 'kernelsize', 5) %convolution layer struct('type', 's', 'scale', 2) %sub sampling layer struct('type', 'c', 'outputmaps', 12, 'kernelsize', 5) %convolution layer struct('type', 's', 'scale', 2) %subsampling layer }; cnn = cnnsetup(cnn, train_x, train_y); opts.alpha = 1; opts.batchsize = 50; opts.numepochs = 1; cnn = cnntrain(cnn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = cnntest(cnn, test_x, test_y); %plot mean squared error figure; plot(cnn.rL); assert(er<0.12, 'Too big error'); ``` Example: Neural Networks --------------------- ```matlab function test_example_NN load mnist_uint8; train_x = double(train_x) / 255; test_x = double(test_x) / 255; train_y = double(train_y); test_y = double(test_y); % normalize [train_x, mu, sigma] = zscore(train_x); test_x = normalize(test_x, mu, sigma); %% ex1 vanilla neural net rand('state',0) nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]); opts.numepochs = 1; % Number of full sweeps through data opts.batchsize = 100; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samples [nn, L] = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.08, 'Too big error'); %% ex2 neural net with L2 weight decay rand('state',0) nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]); nn.weightPenaltyL2 = 1e-4; % L2 weight decay opts.numepochs = 1; % Number of full sweeps through data opts.batchsize = 100; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samples nn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error'); %% ex3 neural net with dropout rand('state',0) nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]); nn.dropoutFraction = 0.5; % Dropout fraction opts.numepochs = 1; % Number of full sweeps through data opts.batchsize = 100; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samples nn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error'); %% ex4 neural net with sigmoid activation function rand('state',0) nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]); nn.activation_function = 'sigm'; % Sigmoid activation function nn.learningRate = 1; % Sigm require a lower learning rate opts.numepochs = 1; % Number of full sweeps through data opts.batchsize = 100; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samples nn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error'); %% ex5 plotting functionality rand('state',0) nn = nnsetup([784 20 10]); opts.numepochs = 5; % Number of full sweeps through data nn.output = 'softmax'; % use softmax output opts.batchsize = 1000; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samples opts.plot = 1; % enable plotting nn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts); [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error'); %% ex6 neural net with sigmoid activation and plotting of validation and training error % split training data into training and validation data vx = train_x(1:10000,:); tx = train_x(10001:end,:); vy = train_y(1:10000,:); ty = train_y(10001:end,:); rand('state',0) nn = nnsetup([784 20 10]); nn.output = 'softmax'; % use softmax output opts.numepochs = 5; % Number of full sweeps through data opts.batchsize = 1000; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samples opts.plot = 1; % enable plotting nn = nntrain(nn, tx, ty, opts, vx, vy); % nntrain takes validation set as last two arguments (optionally) [er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y); assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error'); ``` [![Bitdeli Badge](https://d2weczhvl823v0.cloudfront.net/rasmusbergpalm/deeplearntoolbox/trend.png)](https://bitdeli.com/free "Bitdeli Badge")
Deep Learning Toolbox™提供了一个框架,用于设计和实现具有算法,预训练模型和应用程序的深度神经网络。您可以使用卷积神经网络(ConvNets,CNN)和长期短期记忆(LSTM)网络像,时间序列和文本数据进行分类和回归。应用程序和表可帮助您可视化激活,编辑网络体系结构以及监控培训进度。 对于小型训练集,您可以使用预训练的深层网络模型(包括SqueezeNet,Inception-v3,ResNet-101,GoogLeNet和VGG-19)以及从TensorFlow™-Keras和Caffe导入的模型执行传输学习。 了解深度学习工具箱的基础知识 深度学习像 从头开始训练卷积神经网络或使用预训练网络快速学习新任务 使用时间序列,序列和文本进行深度学习 为时间序列分类,回归和预测任务创建和训练网络 深度学习调整和可视化 绘制培训进度,评估准确性,进行预测,调整培训选项以及可视化网络学习的功能 并行和云中的深度学习 通过本地或云中的多个GPU扩展深度学习,并以交互方式或批量作业培训多个网络 深度学习应用 通过计算机视觉,像处理,自动驾驶,信号和音频扩展深度学习工作流程 深度学习导入,导出和自定义 导入和导出网络,定义自定义深度学习层以及自定义数据存储 深度学习代码生成 生成MATLAB代码或CUDA ®和C ++代码和部署深学习网络 函数逼近和聚类 使用浅层神经网络执行回归,分类和聚类 时间序列和控制系统 基于浅网络的模型非线性动态系统; 使用顺序数据进行预测。
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