一.什么是关联关系?
关联关系是指类之间的引用关系,如果类A与类B关联,那么类A将被定义成类B的属性。
例如:
public class Address{
private String name;
}
public class B{
private String sid;
private Float score;
private Address address;
}
关联关系的分类:一对一,一对多,多对一,多对多
一对多:一本书对应多种书本类型,例如:西游记 -> 神话、古典、名著
多对一:一种书本类型对应多本数,例如:神话 -> 西游记、山海经、聊斋志异
多对多:永远视为两个一对多
一个人负责多个项目开发,例如:张三负责 A B C
一个项目由多个人来开发,例如:A项目由张三、李四、王五来开发
二.实例
1.将数据表导入数据库中
2.通过mybatis-generator插件生成dao、mapper、model
1)配置mybatis-generator插件生成文件位置
2)修改generatorConfig.xml配置文件的生成目录(mapper和model)及对应生成关系
3.修改Customer、Order实体类
1)实现序列化接口
2)建立实体映射关联关系(一对多、多对一)
#一对多:一个客户对应多个订单
private List<Order> orders=new ArrayList<Order>();
#多对一:多个订单对应一个客户(一个订单对应一个客户)
private Customer customer;
4.配置mybatis关联映射
4.1 一对多
<resultMap id="one2many" type="Customer">
<id column="customer_id" property="customerId"/>
<result column="customer_name" property="customerName"/>
<!-- 一对多的关系 -->
<!-- property: 指的是集合属性的值, ofType:指的是集合中元素的类型 -->
<collection property="orders" ofType="Order">
<id column="order_id" property="orderId"/>
<result column="order_no" property="orderNo"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
注意事项,使用左外连接而非内连接!!!
示例代码如下
实体类
Order
package com.zking.ssm.book.model;
/**
* 建立实体层面的关联关系
* 多对一:多个订单对一一个客户,(一个订单对应一个客户)
*/
public class Order {
private Integer orderId;
private String orderNo;
private Integer cid;
//关联关系是指类之间的引用关系,如果类A与类B关联,那么类A将被定义成类B的属性。
//A:订单(order) B:客户(customer)
//多对一
private Customer customer;
public Customer getCustomer() {
return customer;
}
public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
this.customer = customer;
}
public Order(Integer orderId, String orderNo, Integer cid) {
this.orderId = orderId;
this.orderNo = orderNo;
this.cid = cid;
}
public Order() {
super();
}
public Integer getOrderId() {
return orderId;
}
public void setOrderId(Integer orderId) {
this.orderId = orderId;
}
public String getOrderNo() {
return orderNo;
}
public void setOrderNo(String orderNo) {
this.orderNo = orderNo;
}
public Integer getCid() {
return cid;
}
public void setCid(Integer cid) {
this.cid = cid;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Order{" +
"orderId=" + orderId +
", orderNo='" + orderNo + '\'' +
", cid=" + cid +
", customer=" + customer +
'}';
}
}
Customer
package com.zking.ssm.book.model;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 建立实体层面的关联关系
* 一对多:一个客户(customer)对应多个订单(order)
*/
public class Customer {
private Integer customerId;
private String customerName;
//关联关系是指类之间的引用关系,如果类A与类B关联,那么类A将被定义成类B的属性。
//A:订单(order) B:客户(customer)
//一对多
private List<Order> oders=new ArrayList<>();
public List<Order> getOders() {
return oders;
}
public void setOders(List<Order> oders) {
this.oders = oders;
}
public Customer(Integer customerId, String customerName) {
this.customerId = customerId;
this.customerName = customerName;
}
public Customer() {
super();
}
public Integer getCustomerId() {
return customerId;
}
public void setCustomerId(Integer customerId) {
this.customerId = customerId;
}
public String getCustomerName() {
return customerName;
}
public void setCustomerName(String customerName) {
this.customerName = customerName;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Customer{" +
"customerId=" + customerId +
", customerName='" + customerName + '\'' +
", oders=" + oders +
'}';
}
}
mapper接口
order的mapper接口
package com.zking.ssm.book.mapper;
import com.zking.ssm.book.model.Customer;
import com.zking.ssm.book.model.Order;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository
public interface OrderMapper {
Order queryoderById(Integer orderId);
}
Customer的mapper接口
package com.zking.ssm.book.mapper;
import com.zking.ssm.book.model.Customer;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.List;
@Repository
public interface CustomerMapper {
List<Customer> querycustomer();
}
对应的接口方法mapper.xml
orderMapper.xml
多对一
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.zking.ssm.book.mapper.OrderMapper" >
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Order" >
<constructor >
<idArg column="order_id" jdbcType="INTEGER" javaType="java.lang.Integer" />
<arg column="order_no" jdbcType="VARCHAR" javaType="java.lang.String" />
<arg column="cid" jdbcType="INTEGER" javaType="java.lang.Integer" />
</constructor>
</resultMap>
<resultMap id="ManyToOne" type="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Order">
<id property="orderId" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="order_id"/>
<result property="orderNo" javaType="java.lang.String" column="order_no"/>
<result property="cid" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="cid"/>
<association property="customer" javaType="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Customer">
<id property="customerId" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="customer_id"/>
<result property="customerName" javaType="java.lang.String" column="customer_name"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
<sql id="Base_Column_List" >
order_id, order_no, cid
</sql>
<select id="queryoderById" resultMap="ManyToOne">
select
*
from t_customer c
inner join t_order o
on c.customer_id=o.cid
where o.order_id=#{orderId}
</select>
</mapper>
CustomerMapper.xml
一对多
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.zking.ssm.book.mapper.CustomerMapper" >
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Customer" >
<constructor >
<idArg column="customer_id" jdbcType="INTEGER" javaType="java.lang.Integer" />
<arg column="customer_name" jdbcType="VARCHAR" javaType="java.lang.String" />
</constructor>
</resultMap>
<resultMap id="oneToMany" type="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Customer">
<id property="customerId" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="customer_id"/>
<result property="customerName" javaType="java.lang.String" column="customer_name" />
<collection property="oders" ofType="com.zking.ssm.book.model.Order">
<id property="orderId" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="order_id"/>
<result property="cid" javaType="java.lang.Integer" column="cid"/>
<result property="orderNo" javaType="java.lang.String" column="order_no"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<sql id="Base_Column_List" >
customer_id, customer_name
</sql>
<select id="querycustomer" resultMap="oneToMany">
select
*
from t_customer c left join t_order o
on c.customer_id=o.cid
</select>
</mapper>
测试类Test
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring.xml"})
public class OrderServiceImplTest{
@Autowired
private IOrderService iOrderService;
@Test
public void queryOrderId() {
Order order = iOrderService.queryOrderId(3);
System.out.println(order);
}
}
4.2 多对一
<resultMap id="many2one" type="Order">
<id column="order_id" property="orderId"/>
<result column="order_no" property="orderNo"/>
<result column="cid" property="cid"/>
<!-- 多对一的关系 -->
<!-- property: 指的是属性的值, javaType:指的是属性的类型-->
<association property="customer" javaType="Customer">
<id column="customer_id" property="customerId"/>
<result column="customer_name" property="customerName"/>
</association>
</resultMap>