初用WebService

WebService实现天气预报

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什么是webService

WebService是基于Web的服务。它使用Web(HTTP)方式，接收和响应外部系统的某种请求，从而实现远程调用。

WebService的协议和语言

WebService所使用的数据是基于XML格式的。WebService在数据格式上主要采用SOAP协议。
SOAP即简单对象访问协议(Simple Object Access Protocal)，它是用于交换XML编码信息的轻量级协议。
Web Service描述语言WSDL是用于描述Web Service及其函数、参数和返回值。

WebService实现天气查询

1. 首先拿到Web服务

天气的web服务

2.查看功能函数

getSupportCity：通过给定省份名称得到全部支持的城市

getSupportDataSet：获得一个dataset集合，包括所有支持的省份城市

getSupportProvince：获得国内所有支持的省份

getWeatherbyCityName ：获得指定城市的天气信息

3.新建项目

1. 打开VS-新建一个Web项目

2. 添加服务引用-高级-添加Web引用
   

3. 新建一个Web页面

前端内容：

<form id="form1" runat="server">
    <div>       
        <label>省份：</label><asp:DropDownList ID="Province" runat="server" AutoPostBack="True" OnSelectedIndexChanged="Province_SelectedIndexChanged"></asp:DropDownList><br/>
        <br/>
        <label>城市：</label><asp:DropDownList ID="City" runat="server" AutoPostBack="True"></asp:DropDownList><br/>
        <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button" OnClick="Button1_Click" />
    </div>
        <br/>
    <div>
        <label>查询日期：</label><asp:Label ID="Label7" runat="server" Text="Label"></asp:Label><br/>
        <label>查询城市：</label><asp:Label ID="Label8" runat="server" Text="Label"></asp:Label><br/>
        <label>今日实况：</label><asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="Label"></asp:Label> <br/>

        <label>今日天气：</label><asp:Label ID="Label2" runat="server" Text="Label"></asp:Label>
            <asp:Image ID="Image1" runat="server" />
            <asp:Image ID="Image2" runat="server" /><br/>
        <label>今日指数：</label><asp:Label ID="Label5" runat="server" Text="Label"></asp:Label><br/>

        <label>明日天气：</label><asp:Label ID="Label3" runat="server" Text="Label"></asp:Label>
            <asp:Image ID="Image3" runat="server" />
            <asp:Image ID="Image4" runat="server" /><br/>

        <label>后日天气：</label><asp:Label ID="Label4" runat="server" Text="Label"></asp:Label>
            <asp:Image ID="Image5" runat="server" />
            <asp:Image ID="Image6" runat="server" /><br/>

        <label>城市简介：</label><br/>
        <asp:Image ID="Image7" runat="server" />
        <asp:Label ID="Label6" runat="server" Text="Label"></asp:Label>
    </div>
    </form>

后端内容：

WeatherWebService client = new WeatherWebService();
        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!IsPostBack)
            {
                BindProvince();               

            }          
        }
//省份数据的绑定
public void BindProvince()
        {

            DataSet ds = client.getSupportDataSet();

            Province.DataSource = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;

            Province.DataTextField = "Zone";

            Province.DataValueField = "ID";

            Province.DataBind();

        }

//城市数据的绑定
public void BindCity(string zongID)
        {

            DataSet ds = client.getSupportDataSet();

            DataView dv = new DataView(ds.Tables[1]);

            dv.RowFilter = "ZoneID=" + zongID;

            City.DataSource = dv;

            City.DataTextField = "Area";

            City.DataValueField = "AreaCode";

            City.DataBind();

        }
//天气数据的绑定
public void BindCityWeather(string cityName)
        {

            string[] weather = client.getWeatherbyCityName(cityName);

            Label1.Text = weather [10];

            Label2.Text = weather [6] + "   " + weather [5] + "   " + weather [7];

            Label3.Text = weather [13] + "   " + weather [12] + "   " + weather [14];

            Label4.Text = weather [18] + "   " + weather [17] + "   " + weather [19];

            Label5.Text = weather [11];

            Label6.Text = weather [22];

            Label7.Text = Convert.ToDateTime(weather [4]).ToLongDateString();

            Label8.Text = weather [0] + " / " + weather [1];

            Image1.ImageUrl = "~/Resource/weather/" + weather [8];

            Image2.ImageUrl = "~/Resource/weather/" + weather [9];

            Image3.ImageUrl = "~/Resource/weather/" + weather [15];

            Image4.ImageUrl = "~/Resource/weather/" + weather [16];

            Image5.ImageUrl = "~/Resource/weather/" + weather [20];

            Image6.ImageUrl = "~/Resource/weather/" + weather [21];

            Image7.ImageUrl = "~/Resource/City2/" + weather [3];

            Image7.AlternateText = City.SelectedItem.Text;

        }
//按钮点击事件
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //Button控件的点击事件会触发IsPostBack
            string cityName = City.SelectedItem.Value.ToString();
            BindCityWeather(cityName); 
        }
//省份下拉列表的选择改变事件
        protected void Province_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //DropDownList的SelectedIndexChanged无法触发解决办法
            //把控件的AutoPostTBack设为True,在IsPostBack中写处理方法
            string ID = Province.SelectedItem.Value.ToString();
            BindCity(ID);
        }

保存-运行。