总结
for循环、while循环和do while循环
char ch;
cin >> ch; // 会忽略空格、换行符和制表符,将输入的下一个字符读入到ch中。
cin.get(ch); // 不管该字符是什么
char finiched[] = “done”;
char words[20];
strcmp(finiched, words); // 如果字符串相同返回true
string str = “abc”;
if (str != finiched){} // string对象可以通过==和!=比较字符串
一、第一题
题目:编写一个要求用户输入两个整数的程序。该程序将计算并输出这两个整数之间(包括这两个整数)所有整数的和。这里假设先输入较小的整数。例如,如果用户输入的是2和9,则程序将指出2-9之间所有整数的和为44.
#include <iostream>
int SumNumber(int minNum_, int maxNum_);
int main() {
int minNum, maxNum;
int Sum;
std::cin >> minNum >> maxNum;
Sum = SumNumber(minNum, maxNum);
std::cout << Sum;
}
int SumNumber(int minNum_, int maxNum_) {
int Sum = 0;
for (minNum_; minNum_ <= maxNum_; minNum_++) {
Sum += minNum_;
}
return Sum;
}
二、第二题
题目:使用array对象(而不是数组)和long double(而不是long long)重新编写程序清单5.4,并计算100!的值。
#include <iostream>
#include <array>
const int ArSize = 101;
int main() {
std::array<long double, ArSize>factorials;
factorials[0] = factorials[1] = 1;
for (int i = 2; i < ArSize ; i++) {
factorials[i] = i * factorials[i - 1];
}
for (int i = 0; i < ArSize; i++) {
std::cout << i << "! = " << factorials[i]<<std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
三、第三题
题目:编写一个要求用户输入数字的程序。每次输入后,程序都将报告到目前为止,所有输入的累计和。当用户输入0时,程序结束。
#include <iostream>
int main() {
double inputNum;
double totalNum = 0;
bool result = true;
while (result) {
std::cin >> inputNum;
if (inputNum != 0) {
totalNum += inputNum;
std::cout << "累计和:"<<totalNum<<std::endl;
continue;
}
break;
}
return 0;
}
四、第四题
题目:Daphne以10%的单利投资了100美元。也就是说,每一年的利润都是投资额的10%,即每年10美元:
利息 = 0.10 * 原始存款
而Cleo以5%的复利投资了100美元。也就是说,利息是当前存款(包括获得的利息)的5%:
利息 = 0.05 * 当前存款
Cleo在第一年投资100美元的盈利是5%——得到了105美元。下一年的盈利是105美元的5%——即5.25美元,依次类推。请编写一个程序,计算多少年后,Cleo的投资价值才能超过Daphne的投资价值,并显示此时两个人的投资价值。
#include <iostream>
int main() {
double DapheMoney = 100;
double CleoMoney = 100;
int years = 0;
do {
years++;
DapheMoney = DapheMoney + 0.1 * 100;
CleoMoney = CleoMoney * 1.05;
} while (CleoMoney <= DapheMoney);
std::cout << years << " years later: " << "DapheMoney: " << DapheMoney << " CleoMoney: " << CleoMoney;
return 0;
}
五、第五题
题目:假设要销售《C++ For Fools》一书。请编写一个程序,输入全年中每个月的销售量(图书数量,而不是销售额)。程序通过循环,使用初始化为月份字符串的char*数组(或string对象数组)逐月进行提示,并将输入的数据储存在一个int数组中。然后,程序计算数组中各元素的总数,并报告这一年的销售情况。
#include <iostream>
int main() {
const int ArSize = 12;
const std::string BooksMonth[ArSize] = {
"January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "Decmber"
};
int BooksNum[ArSize] = {};
int TotalSum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < ArSize; i++) {
std::cout << BooksMonth[i] << ": ";
std::cin >> BooksNum[i];
TotalSum += BooksNum[i];
}
std::cout << "total sum: " << TotalSum;
return 0;
}
六、第六题
题目:完成编程练习5,但这一次使用一个二维数组来存储输入——3年中每个月的销售量。程序将报告每年的销售量以及三年的总销售量。
#include <iostream>
int main() {
const int ArSize = 12;
const std::string BooksMonth[ArSize] = {
"January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "Decmber"
};
int BooksNum[3][ArSize + 1] = {};
int count = 0;
while (count < 3)
{
for (int i = 1; i < ArSize; i++) {
std::cout << BooksMonth[i] << ": ";
std::cin >> BooksNum[0][i];
BooksNum[count][12] += BooksNum[0][i];
}
count++;
}
std::cout << "total sum: " << BooksNum[0][12] + BooksNum[1][12] + BooksNum[2][12];
return 0;
}
七、第七题
题目:设计一个名为car的结构,用它存储下述有关汽车的信息: 生产商(存储在字符数组或string对象中的字符串)、生产年份(整数)。编写一个程序,向用户询问有多少辆汽车。随后,程序使用new来创建一个由相应数量的car结构组成的动态数组。接下来,程序提示用户输入每辆车的生产商(可能由多个单词组成)和年份信息。请注意,这需要特别小心,因为它将交替读取数值和字符串(参见第4章)。最后,程序将显示每个结构的内容。该程序的运行情况如下:
How many cars do you wish to catalog? 2
Car #1:
Please enter the make: Hudson Hornet
Please enter the year made: 1952
Car #2:
Please enter the make: Kaiser
Please enter the year made: 1951
Here is your collection:
1952 Hudson Hornet
1951 Kaiser
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using std::cout;
using std::cin;
struct car {
std::string makeproducer;
int year;
};
int main() {
int carsnum = 0;
cout << "how many cars do you wish to catalog? ";
cin >> carsnum;
cin.get();
car* carlog = new car[carsnum];
for (int i = 0; i < carsnum; i++) {
cout << "car #" << i+1 << ":" << std::endl;
cout << "please enter the make: ";
getline(cin, carlog[i].makeproducer);
cout << "please enter the year made: ";
cin>>carlog[i].year;
cin.get();
}
cout << "here is your collection" << std::endl;
for (int i = 0; i < carsnum; i++) {
cout << carlog[i].year << " " << carlog[i].makeproducer << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
八、第八题
题目:编写一个程序,它使用一个char数组和循环来每次读取一个单词,直到用户输入done为止。随后,该程序指出用户输入了多少个单词(不包括done在内)。下面是该程序的运行情况:
Enter words (to stop, type the word done):
anteater birthday category dumpster
envy finagle geometry done for sure
You entered a toal of 7 words.
您应该在程序中包含头文件cstring,并使用函数strcmp()来进行比较测试。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int SIZE = 20;
const char FINISHED[] = "done";
int main() {
cout << "Enter words (to stop, type the word done):"<<endl;
int counter = 0;
char words[SIZE];
while (strcmp(FINISHED, words) != 0) {
counter++;
cin >> words;
cin.get();
}
cout << "You entered a total of " << counter - 1 << " words.";
return 0;
}
九、第九题
题目:编写一个满足前一个练习中描述的程序,但使用string对象而不是字符数组。请在程序中包含头文件string,并使用关系运算符来进行比较测试。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int SIZE = 20;
const string FINISHED = "done";
//const char FINISHED[] = "done";
int main() {
cout << "Enter words (to stop, type the word done):" << endl;
int counter = 0;
string words;
while (FINISHED != words) {
counter++;
cin >> words;
cin.get();
}
cout << "You entered a total of " << counter - 1 << " words.";
return 0;
}
十、第十题
题目:编写一个使用嵌套循环的程序,要求用户输入一个值,指出要显示多少行。然后,程序将显示相应的行数的星号,其中第一行包括一个星号,第二行包括两个星号,依次类推。每一行包含的字符数等于用户指定的行数,在星号不够的情况下,在星号前面加上句点。该程序的运行情况如下:
Enter number of rows: 5
….*
…**
…***
.****
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::cin;
int main() {
cout << "Enter number of rows: ";
int rows;
cin >> rows;
for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < rows - i-1; j++) {
cout << ".";
}
for (int j = 0; j< i + 1; j++) {
cout << "*";
}
cout << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
谢谢观看,祝顺利。