- 个人认为学习LINQ法就是通过实例来学习。光看书本上的理论效率是很慢的。我将作一个简单的web应用程序,实现对数据的增删改操作。用到大家都熟悉的Northwind数据库。
一.引用命名空间
System.Data.Linq
System.Data.Linq.Mapping (需要在项目中先引用System.Data.Linq)
二.为数据库表创建实体类
Table(Name="Employees")] public class Employee { [Column(IsDbGenerated=true,IsPrimaryKey=true)] public int EmployeeID { get; set; } [Column(Name="FirstName",DbType="varchar(20)")] public string FirstName { get; set; } [Column(Name = "LastName", DbType = "varchar(20)")] public string LastName { get; set; } }
常用的属性声明,可以很好的描述表中字段的属性:
Name: 字段的名称
DbType: 字段的数据类型
IsDbGenerated: 是否自动生成
CanBeNull: 字段是否为空
Storage: 保存数据的类字段名
三.创建一个强类型的数据环境
我们的数据库系统可能会和多种类型的数据源打交道,所以应该使我们的程序有和数据源进行创建连接的能力。这里我们将创建的NorthwindDb类继承DataContext基类。DataContext类表示LINQ to SQL 框架的主入口点。
其中有相关的处理LINQ to SQL的类,方法等。
public class NorthwindDb:DataContext { public NorthwindDb(string connectionString):base(connectionString) { } public Table Employee; }
四.创建Web From
首先为GridView绑定数据
private void BindGridView(string criteria) { string strConn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["connstr"].ConnectionString; NorthwindDb db = new NorthwindDb(strConn); IEnumerable results; if (criteria == string.Empty) { results=db.Employee.ToArray(); } else { results = (from c in db.Employee where c.FirstName.Contains(criteria) select c).ToArray(); } GridView1.DataSource = results; GridView1.DataBind(); }
搜索按钮只需将参数传进去即可BindGridView(TextBox1.Text);
如果选中了GridView中的某一行,则需要将选中的数据绑定到DetailsView 中进行编辑使用。
private void BindDetailsView() { int employeeID = (int)GridView1.SelectedValue; string strConn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["connstr"].ConnectionString; NorthwindDb db = new NorthwindDb(strConn); var results = from emp in db.Employee where emp.EmployeeID == employeeID select emp; DetailsView1.DataSource = results; DetailsView1.DataBind(); }
protected void GridView1_SelectedIndexChanging(object sender, GridViewSelectEventArgs e) { GridView1.SelectedIndex = e.NewSelectedIndex; } protected void GridView1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { int employeeID = (int)GridView1.SelectedValue; string strConn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["connstr"].ConnectionString; BindDetailsView(); }
接下来就是对数据的增删改操作:
protected void DetailsView1_ItemUpdating(object sender, DetailsViewUpdateEventArgs e) { string strConn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["connstr"].ConnectionString; NorthwindDb db = new NorthwindDb(strConn); var results = from emp in db.Employee where emp.EmployeeID == (int)DetailsView1.SelectedValue select emp; results.First().FirstName = ((TextBox)DetailsView1.Rows[1].Cells[1].Controls[0]).Text; results.First().LastName = ((TextBox)DetailsView1.Rows[2].Cells[1].Controls[0]).Text; db.SubmitChanges(); BindGridView(string.Empty); } protected void DetailsView1_ItemInserting(object sender, DetailsViewInsertEventArgs e) { string strConn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["connstr"].ConnectionString; NorthwindDb db = new NorthwindDb(strConn); Employee emp = new Employee(); emp.FirstName = ((TextBox)DetailsView1.Rows[1].Cells[1].Controls[0]).Text; emp.LastName= ((TextBox)DetailsView1.Rows[2].Cells[1].Controls[0]).Text; db.Employee.InsertOnSubmit(emp); db.SubmitChanges(); BindGridView(string.Empty); } protected void DetailsView1_ItemDeleting(object sender, DetailsViewDeleteEventArgs e) { string strConn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["connstr"].ConnectionString; NorthwindDb db = new NorthwindDb(strConn); var results = db.Employee.Single(emp => emp.EmployeeID==(int)DetailsView1.SelectedValue); db.Employee.DeleteOnSubmit(results); db.SubmitChanges(); BindGridView(string.Empty); }
更新和添加的操作差不多,只是作了些小的改动。
ok,这就是在ASP.NET中利用LINQ对数据的操作。