源码:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<netdb.h>
#define BACKLOG 1
#define HOSTLEN 256
main(int ac, char *av[])
{
int sock, fd;
FILE *fpin;
char request[BUFSIZ];
if ( ac == 1 )
{
fprintf(stderr,"usage: ws portnum\n");
exit(1);
}
sock = make_server_socket( atoi(av[1]) );
if ( sock == -1 )
{
printf("cannot make server_socket!\n");
exit(2);
}
/* main loop here */
while(1)
{
/* take a call and buffer it */
fd = accept( sock, NULL, NULL );
fpin = fdopen(fd, "r" );
/* read request */
fgets(request,BUFSIZ,fpin);
printf("got a call: request = %s", request);
read_til_crnl(fpin);
/* do what client asks */
process_rq(request, fd);
fclose(fpin);
}
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------ *
* read_til_crnl(FILE *)
* skip over all request info until a CRNL is seen
* ------------------------------------------------------ */
read_til_crnl(FILE *fp)
{
char buf[BUFSIZ];
while(fgets(buf,BUFSIZ,fp)!= NULL && strcmp(buf,"\r\n") != 0 );
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------ *
* process_rq( char *rq, int fd )
* do what the request asks for and write reply to fd
* handles request in a new process
* rq is HTTP command: GET /foo/bar.html HTTP/1.0
* ------------------------------------------------------ */
process_rq( char *rq, int fd )
{
char cmd[BUFSIZ], arg[BUFSIZ];
/* create a new process and return if not the child */
if ( fork() != 0 )
return;
strcpy(arg, "./"); /* precede args with ./ */
if ( sscanf(rq, "%s%s", cmd, arg+2) != 2 )
return;
if ( strcmp(cmd,"GET") != 0 )
cannot_do(fd);
else if ( not_exist( arg ) )
do_404(arg, fd );
else if ( isadir( arg ) )
do_ls( arg, fd );
else if ( ends_in_cgi( arg ) )
do_exec( arg, fd );
else
do_cat( arg, fd );
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------ *
* the reply header thing: all functions need one
* if content_type is NULL then don't send content type
* ------------------------------------------------------ */
header( FILE *fp, char *content_type )
{
fprintf(fp, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n");
if ( content_type )
fprintf(fp, "Content-type: %s\r\n", content_type );
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------ *
* simple functions first:
* cannot_do(fd) unimplemented HTTP command
* and do_404(item,fd) no such object
* ------------------------------------------------------ */
cannot_do(int fd)
{
FILE *fp = fdopen(fd,"w");
fprintf(fp, "HTTP/1.0 501 Not Implemented\r\n");
fprintf(fp, "Content-type: text/plain\r\n");
fprintf(fp, "\r\n");
fprintf(fp, "That command is not yet implemented\r\n");
fclose(fp);
}
do_404(char *item, int fd)
{
FILE *fp = fdopen(fd,"w");
fprintf(fp, "HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found\r\n");
fprintf(fp, "Content-type: text/plain\r\n");
fprintf(fp, "\r\n");
fprintf(fp, "The item you requested: %s\r\nis not found\r\n",
item);
fclose(fp);
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------ *
* the directory listing section
* isadir() uses stat, not_exist() uses stat
* do_ls runs ls. It should not
* ------------------------------------------------------ */
isadir(char *f)
{
struct stat info;
return ( stat(f, &info) != -1 && S_ISDIR(info.st_mode) );
}
not_exist(char *f)
{
struct stat info;
return( stat(f,&info) == -1 );
}
do_ls(char *dir, int fd)
{
FILE *fp ;
fp = fdopen(fd,"w");
header(fp, "text/plain");
fprintf(fp,"\r\n");
fflush(fp);
dup2(fd,1);
dup2(fd,2);
close(fd);
execlp("ls","ls","-l",dir,NULL);
perror(dir);
exit(1);
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------ *
* the cgi stuff. function to check extension and
* one to run the program.
* ------------------------------------------------------ */
char * file_type(char *f)
/* returns 'extension' of file */
{
char *cp;
if ( (cp = strrchr(f, '.' )) != NULL )
return cp+1;
return "";
}
ends_in_cgi(char *f)
{
return ( strcmp( file_type(f), "cgi" ) == 0 );
}
do_exec( char *prog, int fd )
{
FILE *fp ;
fp = fdopen(fd,"w");
header(fp, NULL);
fflush(fp);
dup2(fd, 1);
dup2(fd, 2);
close(fd);
execl(prog,prog,NULL);
perror(prog);
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------ *
* do_cat(filename,fd)
* sends back contents after a header
* ------------------------------------------------------ */
do_cat(char *f, int fd)
{
char *extension = file_type(f);
char *content = "text/plain";
FILE *fpsock, *fpfile;
int c;
if ( strcmp(extension,"html") == 0 )
content = "text/html";
else if ( strcmp(extension, "gif") == 0 )
content = "image/gif";
else if ( strcmp(extension, "jpg") == 0 )
content = "image/jpeg";
else if ( strcmp(extension, "jpeg") == 0 )
content = "image/jpeg";
fpsock = fdopen(fd, "w");
fpfile = fopen( f, "r");
if ( fpsock != NULL && fpfile != NULL )
{
header( fpsock, content );
fprintf(fpsock, "\r\n");
while( (c = getc(fpfile) ) != EOF )
putc(c, fpsock);
fclose(fpfile);
fclose(fpsock);
}
exit(0);
}
int make_server_socket(int portnum)
{
return make_server_socket_q(portnum, BACKLOG);
}
int make_server_socket_q(int portnum, int backlog)
{
struct sockaddr_in saddr; /* build our address here */
struct hostent *hp; /* this is part of our */
char hostname[HOSTLEN]; /* address */
int sock_id; /* the socket */
sock_id = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); /* get a socket */
if ( sock_id == -1 )
return -1;
/** build address and bind it to socket **/
bzero((void *)&saddr, sizeof(saddr)); /* clear out struct */
gethostname(hostname, HOSTLEN); /* where am I ? */
hp = gethostbyname(hostname); /* get info about host */
/* fill in host part */
bcopy( (void *)hp->h_addr, (void *)&saddr.sin_addr, hp->h_length);
saddr.sin_port = htons(portnum); /* fill in socket port */
saddr.sin_family = AF_INET ; /* fill in addr family */
if ( bind(sock_id, (struct sockaddr *)&saddr, sizeof(saddr)) != 0 )
return -1;
/** arrange for incoming calls **/
if ( listen(sock_id, backlog) != 0 )
return -1;
return sock_id;
}
编译webserver.c为web server
cc webserver.c -o webserver
运行并指定端口号5566
./webserver 5566
事先在web server的 统计目录下创建index.html
然后再浏览器中输入:
http://127.0.0.1:5566/index.html
可以看到浏览器中已经显示你的内容了
——————————————————-
两种服务器的设计方法:
DIY——服务器接收请求,自己处理工作。
代理——服务器接收请求,然后创建一个新进程来处理工作。
每种方法的优缺点:
自己做用于快速简单的任务,代理用于慢速的更加复杂的任务,使用SIGCHLD来阻止僵尸(zombie)问题
这里采用的是代理的方法。