【文献分享】：microbiomap项目提供16万份16s数据用于探索微生物研究

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/H20230717/article/details/145541890

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文章目录

介绍

了解形成人类微生物组变异的因素是生物学研究的一个主要目标。虽然其他基因组学领域已经使用大型预编译的纲要来提取系统的见解，否则不切实际的样本量，但没有可比较的资源用于通常用于量化微生物组组成的16S rRNA测序数据。为了帮助缩小这一差距，我们收集了一组168,484个公开可用的人类肠道微生物组样本，用单一管道处理，并组合成迄今为止最大的统一微生物组数据集。我们利用这个资源，它可以在microbiomap.org上免费获得，来揭示人类肠道微生物群的全球变化。我们发现厚壁菌门，尤其是芽胞杆菌和梭状芽胞杆菌，几乎普遍存在于人类肠道中。与此同时，65种最常见的微生物属的相对丰度在至少两个世界地区有所不同。我们还表明，在采样不足的世界地区，如中亚和南亚，肠道微生物组与欧洲和北美的微生物组有很大不同。此外，由于采样不足，这些被忽视地区的人类可能拥有数百种尚未被发现的分类群，这突出了微生物组研究多样性的必要性。我们期望这个新的纲要能够为社会服务，并使先进的应用和方法研究成为可能。

Understanding the factors that shape variation in the human microbiome is a major goal of research in biology. While other genomics fields have used large, pre-compiled compendia to extract systematic insights requiring otherwise impractical sample sizes, there has been no comparable resource for the 16S rRNA sequencing data commonly used to quantify microbiome composition. To help close this gap, we have assembled a set of 168,484 publicly available human gut microbiome samples, processed with a single pipeline and combined into the largest unified microbiome dataset to date. We use this resource, which is freely available at microbiomap.org, to shed light on global variation in the human gut microbiome. We find that Firmicutes, particularly Bacilli and Clostridia, are almost universally present in the human gut. At the same time, the relative abundance of the 65 most common microbial genera differ between at least two world regions. We also show that gut microbiomes in undersampled world regions, such as Central and Southern Asia, differ significantly from the more thoroughly characterized microbiomes of Europe and Northern America. Moreover, humans in these overlooked regions likely harbor hundreds of taxa that have not yet been discovered due to this undersampling, highlighting the need for diversity in microbiome studies. We anticipate that this new compendium can serve the community and enable advanced applied and methodological research.

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