Linux学习笔记7---仿STM32自建寄存器库

于 2024-05-11 15:53:55 发布
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分类专栏： Linux 文章标签： 学习 笔记 stm32
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        为了开发方便，ST 官方为 STM32F103 编写了一个叫做 stm32f10x.h 的文件，在这个文件里面定义了 STM32F103 所有外设寄存器。而有些芯片是没有这种寄存器库的，在没有的情况下要学会自己建立一个寄存器库。NXP 官方并没有为 I.MX6UL 编写类似 stm32f10x.h 这样的文件，本章将参考 stm32f10x.h 来编写一个简单的 MCIMX6Y2.h 文件。

1、 I.MX6U 寄存器定义

参考 STM32 的官方文件来编写 I.MX6U 的寄存器定义，比如GPIO组的八个寄存器，步骤如下：

（1）、编写外设结构体

先将同属于一个外设的所有寄存器编写到一个结构体里面，如  GPIO寄存器的结构如下：

/* 
 * GPIO寄存器结构体
 */
typedef struct 
{
	volatile unsigned int DR;							
	volatile unsigned int GDIR; 							
	volatile unsigned int PSR;								
	volatile unsigned int ICR1; 							
	volatile unsigned int ICR2; 							 
	volatile unsigned int IMR;								 
	volatile unsigned int ISR;			
	volatile unsigned int EDGE_SEL;  
}GPIO_Type;

上述结构体GPIO_Type就是 GPIO 寄存器，成员变量分别是DR、GDIR、PSR、ICR1、ICR2、EDGE_SEL、IMR 和 ISR寄存器，每个寄存器的地址是 32 位，每个成员都使用“volatile”进行了修饰，目的是防止编译器优化。

（2）、定义寄存器组的基地址

根据结构体 GPIO_Type的定义，其第一个成员变量为DR，也就是 DR寄存器，I.MX6U 一共有
GPIO1~GPIO5 共五组 GPIO，查找 I.MX6U 的参考手册可以得知不同的GPIO1的地址也不相同，因此需要根据不同的GPIO来进行定义，定义如下：

#define GPIO1_BASE                  (0x0209C000)
#define GPIO2_BASE                  (0x020A0000)
#define GPIO3_BASE                  (0x020A4000)
#define GPIO4_BASE                  (0x020A8000)
#define GPIO5_BASE                  (0x020AC000)

（3）、定义访问指针

访问指针定义如下：

#define GPIO1				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO1_BASE)
#define GPIO2				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO2_BASE)
#define GPIO3				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO3_BASE)
#define GPIO4				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO4_BASE)
#define GPIO5				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO5_BASE)

通过上面三步我们就可以通过“GPIO1->DR”来访问 GPIO1的DR寄存器了。同样的，其他的外设寄存器都可以通过这三步来定义。

2、 硬件原理分析

 

        可以看出，LED0 接到了 GPIO_3 上，GPIO_3 就是 GPIO1_IO03，当 GPIO1_IO03输出低电平(0)的时候发光二极管 LED0 就会导通点亮，当 GPIO1_IO03 输出高电平(1)的时候发光二极管 LED0 不会导通，因此 LED0 也就不会点亮。所以 LED0 的亮灭取决于 GPIO1_IO03的输出电平，输出 0 就亮，输出 1 就灭。

3、实验程序编写

创建名字“ledc_stm32”的文件夹，新建三个文件：start.S、main.c 和 imx6ul.h。其中 start.S 是汇编文件，start.S 文件的内容和第6章的 start.S 一样，直接复制过来就可以main.c 和 imx6ul.h 是 C 文件。

文件 imx6ul.h 用来存放外设寄存器定义，在 imx6ul.h 中输入如下代码：


/* 
 * 外设寄存器组的基地址 
 */
#define CCM_BASE					(0X020C4000)
#define CCM_ANALOG_BASE				(0X020C8000)
#define IOMUX_SW_MUX_BASE			(0X020E0014)
#define IOMUX_SW_PAD_BASE			(0X020E0204)
#define GPIO1_BASE                  (0x0209C000)
#define GPIO2_BASE                  (0x020A0000)
#define GPIO3_BASE                  (0x020A4000)
#define GPIO4_BASE                  (0x020A8000)
#define GPIO5_BASE                  (0x020AC000)

/* 
 * CCM寄存器结构体定义，分为CCM和CCM_ANALOG 
 */
typedef struct 
{
	volatile unsigned int CCR;
	volatile unsigned int CCDR;
	volatile unsigned int CSR;
	volatile unsigned int CCSR;
	volatile unsigned int CACRR;
	volatile unsigned int CBCDR;
	volatile unsigned int CBCMR;
	volatile unsigned int CSCMR1;
	volatile unsigned int CSCMR2;
	volatile unsigned int CSCDR1;
	volatile unsigned int CS1CDR;
	volatile unsigned int CS2CDR;
	volatile unsigned int CDCDR;
	volatile unsigned int CHSCCDR;
	volatile unsigned int CSCDR2;
	volatile unsigned int CSCDR3;
	volatile unsigned int CCGR4;
	volatile unsigned int CCGR5;
	volatile unsigned int CCGR6;
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_3[1];
	volatile unsigned int CMEOR;	
} CCM_Type; 

typedef struct 
{
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ARM;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ARM_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ARM_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ARM_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB1;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB1_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB1_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB1_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB2;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB2_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB2_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB2_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_SYS;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_SYS_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_SYS_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_SYS_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_SYS_SS;
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_1[3];
	volatile unsigned int PLL_SYS_NUM;
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_2[3];
	volatile unsigned int PLL_SYS_DENOM; 
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_3[3];
	volatile unsigned int PLL_AUDIO;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_AUDIO_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_AUDIO_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_AUDIO_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_AUDIO_DENOM;
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_4[3];
	volatile unsigned int PLL_VIDEO;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_VIDEO_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_VIDEO_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_VIDEO_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_VIDEO_NUM;
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_5[3];
	volatile unsigned int PLL_VIDEO_DENOM;
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_6[7];
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ENET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ENET_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ENET_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ENET_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_480;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_480_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_480_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_480_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_528;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_528_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_528_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_528_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_7[16];
	volatile unsigned int MISC0;
	volatile unsigned int MISC0_SET;
	volatile unsigned int MISC0_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int MISC0_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int MISC1;
	volatile unsigned int MISC1_SET;
	volatile unsigned int MISC1_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int MISC1_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int MISC2;
	volatile unsigned int MISC2_SET;
	volatile unsigned int MISC2_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int MISC2_TOG;
} CCM_ANALOG_Type; 

/* 
 * IOMUX寄存器组
 */
typedef struct 
{
	volatile unsigned int BOOT_MODE0;
	volatile unsigned int BOOT_MODE1;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER0;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER1;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER2;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER3;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER4;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER5;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER6;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER7;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER8;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER9;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_MOD;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TMS;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TDO;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TDI;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TCK;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TRST_B;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO00;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO01;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO02;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO03;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO04;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO05;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO06;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO07;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO08;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO09;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_CTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_RTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_CTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_RTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_CTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_RTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART4_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART4_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART5_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART5_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_ER;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_ER;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_ENABLE;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_HSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_VSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_RESET;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA00;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA01;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA02;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA03;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA04;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA05;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA06;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA07;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA08;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA09;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA10;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA11;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA12;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA13;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA14;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA15;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA16;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA17;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA18;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA19;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA20;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA21;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA22;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA23;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_RE_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_WE_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA00;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA01;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA02;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA03;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA04;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA05;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA06;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA07;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_ALE;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_WP_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_READY_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_CE0_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_CE1_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_CLE;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DQS;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_CMD;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA2;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA3;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_MCLK;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_PIXCLK;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_VSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_HSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA00;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA01;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA02;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA03;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA04;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA05;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA06;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA07;
}IOMUX_SW_MUX_Type;

typedef struct 
{
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR00;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR01;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR02;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR03;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR04;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR05;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR06;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR07;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR08;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR09;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR10;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR11;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR12;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR13;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR14;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR15;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_DQM0;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_DQM1;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_RAS_B;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_CAS_B;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_CS0_B;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_CS1_B;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDWE_B;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ODT0;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ODT1;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDBA0;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDBA1;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDBA2;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDCKE0;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDCKE1;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDCLK0_P;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDQS0_P;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDQS1_P;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_RESET;
	volatile unsigned int TEST_MODE;
	volatile unsigned int POR_B;
	volatile unsigned int ONOFF;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_PMIC_ON_REQ;
	volatile unsigned int CCM_PMIC_STBY_REQ;
	volatile unsigned int BOOT_MODE0;
	volatile unsigned int BOOT_MODE1;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER0;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER1;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER2;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER3;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER4;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER5;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER6;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER7;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER8;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER9;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_MOD;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TMS;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TDO;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TDI;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TCK;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TRST_B;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO00;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO01;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO02;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO03;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO04;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO05;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO06;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO07;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO08;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO09;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_CTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_RTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_CTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_RTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_CTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_RTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART4_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART4_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART5_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART5_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_ER;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_ER;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_ENABLE;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_HSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_VSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_RESET;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA00;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA01;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA02;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA03;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA04;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA05;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA06;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA07;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA08;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA09;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA10;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA11;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA12;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA13;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA14;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA15;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA16;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA17;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA18;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA19;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA20;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA21;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA22;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA23;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_RE_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_WE_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA00;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA01;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA02;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA03;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA04;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA05;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA06;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA07;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_ALE;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_WP_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_READY_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_CE0_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_CE1_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_CLE;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DQS;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_CMD;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA2;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA3;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_MCLK;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_PIXCLK;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_VSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_HSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA00;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA01;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA02;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA03;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA04;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA05;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA06;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA07;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_ADDDS;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_DDRMODE_CTL;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_B0DS;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_DDRPK;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_CTLDS;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_B1DS;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_DDRHYS;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_DDRPKE;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_DDRMODE;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_DDR_TYPE;
}IOMUX_SW_PAD_Type;

/* 
 * GPIO寄存器结构体
 */
typedef struct 
{
	volatile unsigned int DR;							
	volatile unsigned int GDIR; 							
	volatile unsigned int PSR;								
	volatile unsigned int ICR1; 							
	volatile unsigned int ICR2; 							 
	volatile unsigned int IMR;								 
	volatile unsigned int ISR;			
	volatile unsigned int EDGE_SEL;  
}GPIO_Type;


/* 
 * 外设指针 
 */
#define CCM					((CCM_Type *)CCM_BASE)
#define CCM_ANALOG			((CCM_ANALOG_Type *)CCM_ANALOG_BASE)
#define IOMUX_SW_MUX		((IOMUX_SW_MUX_Type *)IOMUX_SW_MUX_BASE)
#define IOMUX_SW_PAD		((IOMUX_SW_PAD_Type *)IOMUX_SW_PAD_BASE)
#define GPIO1				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO1_BASE)
#define GPIO2				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO2_BASE)
#define GPIO3				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO3_BASE)
#define GPIO4				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO4_BASE)
#define GPIO5				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO5_BASE)

        在编写寄存器组结构体的时候注意寄存器的地址是否连续，有些外设的寄存器地址可能不是连续的，会有一些保留地址，因此我们需要在结构体中留出这些保留的寄存器。比如 CCM 的CCGR6 寄存器地址为 0X020C4080，而寄存器 CMEOR 的地址为 0X020C4088。按照地址顺序递增的原理，寄存器 CMEOR 的地址应该是 0X020C4084，但是实际上 CMEOR 的地址是0X020C4088，相当于中间跳过了 0X020C4088-0X020C4080=8 个字节，如果寄存器地址连续的话应该只差 4 个字节(32 位)，但是现在差了 8 个字节，所以需要在寄存器 CCGR6 和 CMEOR直接加入一个保留寄存器，如果不添加保留位来占位的话就会导致寄存器地址错位！

main.c 文件中输入如下所示内容：

#include "imx6ul.h"

/*
 * @description	: 使能I.MX6U所有外设时钟
 * @param 		: 无
 * @return 		: 无
 */
void clk_enable(void)
{
	CCM->CCGR0 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR1 = 0XFFFFFFFF;

	CCM->CCGR2 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR3 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR4 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR5 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR6 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
}

/*
 * @description	: 初始化LED对应的GPIO
 * @param 		: 无
 * @return 		: 无
 */
void led_init(void)
{
	/* 1、初始化IO复用 */
	IOMUX_SW_MUX->GPIO1_IO03 = 0X5;		/* 复用为GPIO1_IO03 */


	/* 2、配置GPIO1_IO03的IO属性	
	 *bit 16:0 HYS关闭
	 *bit [15:14]: 00 默认下拉
     *bit [13]: 0 kepper功能
     *bit [12]: 1 pull/keeper使能
     *bit [11]: 0 关闭开路输出
     *bit [7:6]: 10 速度100Mhz
     *bit [5:3]: 110 R0/6驱动能力
     *bit [0]: 0 低转换率
     */
    IOMUX_SW_PAD->GPIO1_IO03 = 0X10B0;


	/* 3、初始化GPIO */
	GPIO1->GDIR = 0X0000008;	/* GPIO1_IO03设置为输出 */

	/* 4、设置GPIO1_IO03输出低电平，打开LED0 */	
	GPIO1->DR &= ~(1 << 3);	
	
}

/*
 * @description	: 打开LED灯
 * @param 		: 无
 * @return 		: 无
 */
void led_on(void)
{
	/* 将GPIO1_DR的bit3清零 	*/
	GPIO1->DR &= ~(1<<3); 
}

/*
 * @description	: 关闭LED灯
 * @param 		: 无
 * @return 		: 无
 */
void led_off(void)
{
	/* 将GPIO1_DR的bit3置1 */
	GPIO1->DR |= (1<<3); 
}

/*
 * @description	: 短时间延时函数
 * @param - n	: 要延时循环次数(空操作循环次数，模式延时)
 * @return 		: 无
 */
void delay_short(volatile unsigned int n)
{
	while(n--){}
}

/*
 * @description	: 延时函数,在396Mhz的主频下
 * 			  	  延时时间大约为1ms
 * @param - n	: 要延时的ms数
 * @return 		: 无
 */
void delay(volatile unsigned int n)
{
	while(n--)
	{
		delay_short(0x7ff);
	}
}

/*
 * @description	: mian函数
 * @param 		: 无
 * @return 		: 无
 */
int main(void)
{
	clk_enable();		/* 使能所有的时钟 			*/
	led_init();			/* 初始化led 			*/

	while(1)			/* 死循环 				*/
	{	
		led_off();		/* 关闭LED 			*/
		delay(500);		/* 延时500ms 			*/

		led_on();		/* 打开LED 			*/
		delay(500);		/* 延时500ms 			*/
	}

	return 0;
}

main.c 中 7 个函数，这 7 个函数的含义和第十章中的 main.c 文件一样，只是函数体写法变了，寄存器的访问采用 imx6ul.h 中定义的外设指针。比如第 27 行设置 GPIO1_IO03 的复用功能就可以通过“IOMUX_SW_MUX->GPIO1_IO03”来给寄存 SW_MUX_CTL_PAD_GPIO1_IO03赋值。

4、编写 Makefile 和链接脚本

Makefile 文件的内容基本和第6章的 Makefile 一样，如下：

objs := start.o main.o

ledc.bin:$(objs)
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld -Timx6ul.lds -o ledc.elf $^
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-objcopy -O binary -S ledc.elf $@
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-objdump -D -m arm ledc.elf > ledc.dis

%.o:%.s
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -Wall -nostdlib -c -O2 -o $@ $<
	
%.o:%.S
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -Wall -nostdlib -c -O2 -o $@ $<
	
%.o:%.c
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -Wall -nostdlib -c -O2 -o $@ $<
	
clean:
	rm -rf *.o ledc.bin ledc.elf ledc.dis

链接脚本 imx6ul.lds 的内容和上一章一样，可以直接使用上一章的链接脚本文件。

5、 编译下载

利用make命令编译出ledc.bin文件，再用 imxdownload2生成可执行文件

 ./imxdownload2 ledc.bin

 利用Win32DiskImager软件将load.img执行文件写入SD卡，SD卡插入开发板上即可正常运行。如果代码运行正常的话 LED0 就会以 500ms 的时间间隔亮灭。

6、实验代码

【免费】Linux学习笔记7-仿STM32自建寄存器库实验代码资源-CSDN文库

H2Z20Str
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