ThreadLocal的用法

为什么要使用ThreadLocal：在Java的多线程编程中，为保证多个线程对共享变量的安全访问，通常会使用synchronized来保证同一时刻只有一个线程对共享变量进行操作。这种情况下可以将类变量放到ThreadLocal类型的对象中，使变量在每个线程中都有独立拷贝，不会出现一个线程读取变量时而被另一个线程修改的现象。

简单的来说，ThreadLocal对于不同线程中的变量不共享，每个线程都有一个自己的。

public class ConnThreadLocal {

    public static ThreadLocal<String> th = new ThreadLocal<String>();

    public void setTh(String value){
        th.set(value);
    }
    public void getTh(){
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + this.th.get());
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

        final ConnThreadLocal ct = new ConnThreadLocal();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                ct.setTh("张三");
                ct.getTh();
            }
        }, "t1");

        Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                    ct.setTh("李四");
                    ct.getTh();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "t2");

        t1.start();
        t2.start();
    }

}

输出的两个的到的值是不一样的，说明他们都有自己的ThreadLocal，他们并没有共享一个。

然后附上一个一个使用ThreadLocal的实例，数据库连接池（待修饰版，简版）

import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;

import javassist.expr.NewArray;
import com.mysql.jdbc.Connection;
import scala.annotation.meta.getter;
import scala.math.Numeric.IntIsIntegral;

public class MyConnectionPool {
    private int minConn = 10; //初始化连接池的最小连接数
    private int maxConn = 1000; //连接池的最大连接数量
    private String url;
    private String userName;
    private String password;
    private static MyConnectionPool myConnectionPool;
    private HashMap<String,Connection> connMap = new HashMap<String,Connection>();
    private List<String> connList = new ArrayList<String>();
    private List<String> busyList = new ArrayList<String>();
    /**
     * 私有化构造方法，进行单例创建连接池
     */
    private MyConnectionPool(int minConn, int maxConn) throws Exception {
        this.minConn = minConn;
        this.maxConn = maxConn;
        init();
    }
    /**
     * 初始化连接池
     */
    private void init() throws Exception {
        for (int i = 0; i < minConn; i++) {
            createConnection();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 的到连接池对象的方法
     */
    public static MyConnectionPool getInstance(int minConn, int maxConn) throws Exception {
        if (myConnectionPool == null) {
            myConnectionPool = new MyConnectionPool(minConn, maxConn);
        }
        return myConnectionPool;
    }
    /**
     * 获得连接池
     * @return 返回一个连接池的实例
     */
    public Connection getConnetion() throws ClassNotFoundException,
            SQLException, InterruptedException {
        if (connList.size() == 0 && busyList.size() >= maxConn) {
            while (true) {
                Thread.sleep(1000);

                if (connList.size() > 0) {
                    break;
                }
            }

        }
        if (connList.size() == 0 && busyList.size() < maxConn) {
            createConnection();
        }
        busyList.add(connList.get(0));
        Connection conn = connMap.get(connList.get(0));

        ThreadLocal<Connection> tl = new ThreadLocal<>();
        ThreadLocal<String> t2 = new ThreadLocal<>();
        tl.set(conn);
        t2.set(connList.get(0));
        connList.remove(0);
        return tl.get();

    }
    /**
     * 连接池回收
     */
    public void collectConnect() {
        ThreadLocal<String> tl = new ThreadLocal<>();
        String id=tl.get();
        busyList.remove(id);
        connList.add(id);

    }
    /**
     * 创建单个连接
     */
    public void createConnection() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        Connection conn = (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection(url,
                userName, password);
        String id=System.currentTimeMillis()+"";
        connList.add(id);
        connMap.put(id, conn);
    }

}