STL遍历算法-for_each()与transform

for_each()

1. for_each()---普通函数遍历--三个参数!

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>

//normal func
void print01(int val)
{
	cout << val << " ";
}

void test01()
{
	vector<int>v;
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
		v.push_back(i);
	}
	for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), print01);
}
int main()
{
	test01();
}

运行结果:

2. for_each()---仿函数遍历

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>

normal func
//void print01(int val)
//{
//	cout << val << " ";
//}
//functor
class Print02
{
public:
	void operator()(int val)
	{
		cout << val << " ";
	}
};
void test01()
{
	vector<int>v;
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
		v.push_back(i);
	}
	//for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), print01/*普通函数写函数名字*/);
	//cout << endl;
	for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), Print02()/*仿函数写(), 创建**函数对象***/);

}
int main()
{
	test01();
}

运行结果:

transform容器--四个参数

普通使用:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
class Transform
{
public:
	int operator()(int v)
	{
		return v;
	}
};
class Myprint
{
public:
	void operator()(int val)
	{
		cout << val << " ";
	}
};

void test01()
{
	vector<int>v;
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
		v.push_back(i);
	}
	vector<int>vTarget;//目标容器
	vTarget.resize(v.size());//需要提前开辟空间
	transform(v.begin(), v.end(), vTarget.begin(), Transform()/*匿名函数对象*/);
	for_each(vTarget.begin(), vTarget.end(), Myprint());
}

int main()
{
	test01();
}

一条号狗.

运行结果:

transform函数可以在搬运时改变数值, 如

class Transform
{
public:
	int operator()(int v)
	{
		return v + 666;
	}
};

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
class Transform
{
public:
	int operator()(int v)
	{
		return v + 666;
	}
};
class Myprint
{
public:
	void operator()(int val)
	{
		cout << val << " ";
	}
};

void test01()
{
	vector<int>v;
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
		v.push_back(i);
	}
	vector<int>vTarget;//目标容器
	vTarget.resize(v.size());//需要提前开辟空间
	transform(v.begin(), v.end(), vTarget.begin(), Transform()/*匿名函数对象*/);
	for_each(vTarget.begin(), vTarget.end(), Myprint());
}

int main()
{
	test01();
}

运行结果:

重点回顾:

在创建搬运的容器时要提前开辟空间.

	vector<int>vTarget;//目标容器
	vTarget.resize(v.size());//需要提前开辟空间

在transform里使用仿函数时可以利用仿函数操作搬运数值

/*仿函数*/
class Transform
{
public:
	int operator()(int v)
	{
		return v + 666;
	}
};

/*在test01*/
	transform(v.begin(), v.end(), vTarget.begin(), Transform()/*匿名函数对象*/);