java 汇编 静态块 构造块 构造方法优先级

结论：静态块>构造块>构造方法

我们先反着结论定义

public class t {
	static int a=1; 
	 
	t()
	    { System.out.print("构造方法");
	        System.out.println(a);
	       
	    }
	 
    { System.out.print("构造块");
    	 System.out.println(a);
    	
    }
	 static{
		 System.out.print("静态块");
		 System.out.println(a);
	        a=2;
	       System.out.println("新值"+a);
	       
	    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
      
        new t();
    }

}

反编译

Compiled from "t.java"
public class r.t {
  static int a;

  static {};
    Code:
       0: iconst_1
       1: putstatic     #10                 // Field a:I
       4: getstatic     #12                 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
       7: ldc           #18                 // String 静态块
       9: invokevirtual #20                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.print:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
      12: getstatic     #12                 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
      15: getstatic     #10                 // Field a:I
      18: invokevirtual #26                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
      21: iconst_2
      22: putstatic     #10                 // Field a:I
      25: getstatic     #12                 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
      28: new           #30                 // class java/lang/StringBuilder
      31: dup
      32: ldc           #32                 // String 新值
      34: invokespecial #34                 // Method java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":(Ljava/lang/String;)V
      37: getstatic     #10                 // Field a:I
      40: invokevirtual #37                 // Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(I)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
      43: invokevirtual #41                 // Method java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/lang/String;
      46: invokevirtual #45                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
      49: return

  r.t();
    Code:
       0: aload_0
       1: invokespecial #49                 // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
       4: getstatic     #12                 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
       7: ldc           #51                 // String 构造块
       9: invokevirtual #20                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.print:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
      12: getstatic     #12                 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
      15: getstatic     #10                 // Field a:I
      18: invokevirtual #26                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
      21: getstatic     #12                 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
      24: ldc           #53                 // String 构造方法
      26: invokevirtual #20                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.print:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
      29: getstatic     #12                 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
      32: getstatic     #10                 // Field a:I
      35: invokevirtual #26                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
      38: return

  public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
    Code:
       0: new           #1                  // class r/t
       3: invokespecial #59                 // Method "<init>":()V
       6: return
}

通过汇编代码，我们可以更清楚的发现程序的执行顺序

下面来个"简明"的例子

public class StaticInitBlock {
    public static void main(String[] args){
    System. out. println("main()");

    Tools.t1.f(4);
    }    
    static Tools ts = new Tools();
}
class Tools{
    static Tool t1=new Tool(1);
    static{
        //静态初始化块开始
        System.out.println("进入静态初始化块");
            t1 = new Tool(11);
            t3 = new Tool(33);
            t2 = new Tool(22);
        System. out. println("退出静态初始化块");
        //静态初始化块结束
        }
    static Tool t2 =new Tool(2);
    Tools(){
        System. out. println("Tools()");}

    static Tool t3 =new Tool(3);
}
class Tool{
    Tool(int i){
        System. out. println("Tool( "+i+")");
    }
    void f(int i){
       System.out. println("f("+i +")");
    
    }
}

先为静态变量ts分配空间，新建一个Tools对象，加载Tools.class再为static等初始化再···
仔细观察一下就能理解
我们再进行反编译

Compiled from "StaticInitBlock.java"
public class r.StaticInitBlock {
  static r.Tools ts;

  static {};
    Code:
       0: new           #10                 // class r/Tools
       3: dup
       4: invokespecial #12                 // Method r/Tools."<init>":()V
       7: putstatic     #15                 // Field ts:Lr/Tools;
      10: return

  public r.StaticInitBlock();
    Code:
       0: aload_0
       1: invokespecial #19                 // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
       4: return

  public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
    Code:
       0: getstatic     #24                 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
       3: ldc           #30                 // String main()
       5: invokevirtual #32                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
       8: getstatic     #38                 // Field r/Tools.t1:Lr/Tool;
      11: iconst_4
      12: invokevirtual #42                 // Method r/Tool.f:(I)V
      15: return
}