python之pprint模块简用

pprint module提供了可以按照某个格式正确的显示python已知类型数据的一种方法，这种格式可被解析器解析, 又很易读。但是，如果已知格式的数据对象不是python的基础类型，这种表示方法就有可能加载失败。这种情况一般是对象为 files, sockets, classes, or instances are included, as well as many other built-in objects which are not representable as Python constants。

该方法输出将对象的输出分隔成单行显示，并在宽度设置不适合时，将其分成多行显示。

class pprint.PrettyPrinter(indent=1,width=80,depth=None,stream=None)

pprint. pformat ( object, indent=1, width=80, depth=None )仅仅想获得数据而不是输出数据也可以用pformat

Return the formatted representation of object as a string. indent,widthanddepth will be passed to thePrettyPrinter constructor as formatting parameters.

pprint. pprint ( object , stream=None , indent=1 , width=80 , depth=None )

Prints the formatted representation of object on stream, followed by anewline.

pprint. isreadable ( object )

Determine if the formatted representation of object is “readable,” or can be used to reconstruct the value usingeval(). This always returnsFalse for recursive objects.

[python]  view plain  copy

1. >>> import sys  
2. >>> import pprint  
3. >>> pprint.pprint(sys.path)  
4. ['D:/Python/tmp',  
5.  'D:\\Python\\tmp',  
6.  'C:\\Python27\\Lib\\idlelib',  
7.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\zope.interface-4.0.0-py2.7-win32.egg',  
8.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\pyopenssl-0.13-py2.7-win32.egg',  
9.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg',  
10.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\w3lib-1.2-py2.7.egg',  
11.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\mysql_python-1.2.3-py2.7-win32.egg',  
12.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\paramiko-1.9.0-py2.7.egg',  
13.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\pycrypto-2.6-py2.7-win32.egg',  
14.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\requests-2.0.0-py2.7.egg',  
15.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\reportlab-2.7-py2.7-win32.egg',  
16.  'C:\\Windows\\system32\\python27.zip',  
17.  'C:\\Python27\\DLLs',  
18.  'C:\\Python27\\lib',  
19.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\plat-win',  
20.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\lib-tk',  
21.  'C:\\Python27',  
22.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages',  
23.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\wx-2.8-msw-unicode']  
24. >>> print sys.path #一行显示，显示很长  
25. ['D:/Python/tmp', 'D:\\Python\\tmp', 'C:\\Python27\\Lib\\idlelib', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\zope.interface-4.0.0-py2.7-win32.egg', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\pyopenssl-0.13-py2.7-win32.egg', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\w3lib-1.2-py2.7.egg', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\mysql_python-1.2.3-py2.7-win32.egg', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\paramiko-1.9.0-py2.7.egg', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\pycrypto-2.6-py2.7-win32.egg', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\requests-2.0.0-py2.7.egg', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\reportlab-2.7-py2.7-win32.egg', 'C:\\Windows\\system32\\python27.zip', 'C:\\Python27\\DLLs', 'C:\\Python27\\lib', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\plat-win', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\lib-tk', 'C:\\Python27', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\wx-2.8-msw-unicode']  
26. >>> string = pprint.pformat(sys.path)  
27. >>> string #还是一行  
28. "['D:/Python/tmp',\n 'D:\\\\Python\\\\tmp',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\Lib\\\\idlelib',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\lib\\\\site-packages\\\\zope.interface-4.0.0-py2.7-win32.egg',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\lib\\\\site-packages\\\\pyopenssl-0.13-py2.7-win32.egg',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\lib\\\\site-packages\\\\scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\lib\\\\site-packages\\\\w3lib-1.2-py2.7.egg',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\lib\\\\site-packages\\\\mysql_python-1.2.3-py2.7-win32.egg',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\lib\\\\site-packages\\\\paramiko-1.9.0-py2.7.egg',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\lib\\\\site-packages\\\\pycrypto-2.6-py2.7-win32.egg',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\lib\\\\site-packages\\\\requests-2.0.0-py2.7.egg',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\lib\\\\site-packages\\\\reportlab-2.7-py2.7-win32.egg',\n 'C:\\\\Windows\\\\system32\\\\python27.zip',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\DLLs',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\lib',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\lib\\\\plat-win',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\lib\\\\lib-tk',\n 'C:\\\\Python27',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\lib\\\\site-packages',\n 'C:\\\\Python27\\\\lib\\\\site-packages\\\\wx-2.8-msw-unicode']"  
29. >>> print string #输出格式变成了单行  
30. ['D:/Python/tmp',  
31.  'D:\\Python\\tmp',  
32.  'C:\\Python27\\Lib\\idlelib',  
33.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\zope.interface-4.0.0-py2.7-win32.egg',  
34.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\pyopenssl-0.13-py2.7-win32.egg',  
35.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg',  
36.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\w3lib-1.2-py2.7.egg',  
37.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\mysql_python-1.2.3-py2.7-win32.egg',  
38.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\paramiko-1.9.0-py2.7.egg',  
39.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\pycrypto-2.6-py2.7-win32.egg',  
40.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\requests-2.0.0-py2.7.egg',  
41.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\reportlab-2.7-py2.7-win32.egg',  
42.  'C:\\Windows\\system32\\python27.zip',  
43.  'C:\\Python27\\DLLs',  
44.  'C:\\Python27\\lib',  
45.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\plat-win',  
46.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\lib-tk',  
47.  'C:\\Python27',  
48.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages',  
49.  'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\wx-2.8-msw-unicode']  
50. >>>   

[python]  view plain  copy

1. >>> stuff = ['spam','eggs','lumberjack','knight','ni']  
2. >>> pprint.pprint(stuff)  
3. ['spam', 'eggs', 'lumberjack', 'knight', 'ni']  
4. >>> print stuff  
5. ['spam', 'eggs', 'lumberjack', 'knight', 'ni']  
6. >>> stuff.insert(0,stuff)  
7. >>> pprint.pprint(stuff)#If stream is None, sys.stdout is used.  This may be used in the interactive interpreter instead of a print statement  
8. # for inspecting values.  
9. [<Recursion on list with id=33573024>,  
10.  'spam',  
11.  'eggs',  
12.  'lumberjack',  
13.  'knight',  
14.  'ni']  
15. >>> print stuff  
16. [[...], 'spam', 'eggs', 'lumberjack', 'knight', 'ni']  
17. >>>   

[python]  view plain  copy

1. >>> pprint.isreadable(stuff)#Determine if the formatted representation of object is “readable“  
2. False  
3. >>> pprint.isreadable(sys.path)  
4. True  
5. >>>  

# This example demonstrates several uses of the pprint() function and its parameters.

如下例，依次为：

#list中包含tuple
#按照指定深度来显示stuff内容
#The number of levels which may be printed is controlled by depth; i f the data structure being printed is too deep, the next contained level is replaced by .... 
#The desired output width is constrained using the width parameter; the default is 80 characters.

If a structure cannot be formatted within the constrained width, a best effort will be made.

[python]  view plain  copy

1. >>> tup = ('spam',('eggs',('lumberjack',)))  
2. >>> stuff = ['a'*5, tup, ['b'*5, 'c'*5],['c'*5, 'd'*5]]  
3. >>> stuff  
4. ['aaaaa', ('spam', ('eggs', ('lumberjack',))), ['bbbbb', 'ccccc'], ['ccccc', 'ddddd']]  
5. >>> pprint.pprint(stuff)  
6. ['aaaaa',  
7.  ('spam', ('eggs', ('lumberjack',))),  
8.  ['bbbbb', 'ccccc'],  
9.  ['ccccc', 'ddddd']]  
10. >>> pprint.pprint(stuff,depth=3)  
11. ['aaaaa', ('spam', ('eggs', (...,))), ['bbbbb', 'ccccc'], ['ccccc', 'ddddd']]  
12. >>> pprint.pprint(stuff,depth=4)  
13. ['aaaaa',  
14.  ('spam', ('eggs', ('lumberjack',))),  
15.  ['bbbbb', 'ccccc'],  
16.  ['ccccc', 'ddddd']]  
17. >>> pprint.pprint(stuff,depth=2)  
18. ['aaaaa', ('spam', (...)), ['bbbbb', 'ccccc'], ['ccccc', 'ddddd']]  
19. >>> pprint.pprint(stuff,width=40)  
20. ['aaaaa',  
21.  ('spam', ('eggs', ('lumberjack',))),  
22.  ['bbbbb', 'ccccc'],  
23.  ['ccccc', 'ddddd']]  
24. >>> pprint.pprint(stuff,width=80)  
25. ['aaaaa',  
26.  ('spam', ('eggs', ('lumberjack',))),  
27.  ['bbbbb', 'ccccc'],  
28.  ['ccccc', 'ddddd']]  
29. >>> pprint.pprint(stuff,width=3)  
30. ['aaaaa',  
31.  ('spam',  
32.   ('eggs',  
33.    ('lumberjack',))),  
34.  ['bbbbb',  
35.   'ccccc'],  
36.  ['ccccc',  
37.   'ddddd']]  
38. >>>   

总的来说，感觉目前用处不是很大，没有什么特别的地方，就是对输出的一种格式化。