最近项目中，有使用Socket与后端进行通信，然后简单的了解了下Socket使用，大致流程是配置服务端的Ip、端口号，连接，监听数据和发送数据，数据的读取和发送都是以流的形式实现的，然后自己将项目中的代码写了简单的管理类，测试下代码。下面是demo的两个界面，连接和发送接收界面
这里使用了一个Tcp调试助手，模拟服务端发送和接收数据，通讯模式选择TcpService ，本地端口随意定义一个，保持和demo填写的端口号一致，demo里面的ip是你主机的ip地址，cmd下ipconfig查看
代码
一、初始化
public TcpManager initSocket(final String ip, final String port) {
this.ip=ip;
this.port=port;
/* 开启读写线程*/
threadStatus =true;
new ReadThread().start();
if (socket == null && connectThread == null) {
connectThread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
socket = new Socket();
try {
/*超时时间为2秒*/
socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress(ip, Integer.valueOf(port)), 2000);
/*连接成功的话 发送心跳包*/
if (socket.isConnected()) {
inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
dis = new DataInputStream(inputStream);
/*因为Toast是要运行在主线程的 这里是子线程 所以需要到主线程哪里去显示toast*/
Log.e(TAG, "服务连接成功");
/*发送连接成功的消息*/
if(onSocketStatusListener!=null)
onSocketStatusListener.onConnectSuccess();
/*发送心跳数据*/
sendBeatData();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
if (e instanceof SocketTimeoutException) {
Log.e(TAG,"连接超时，正在重连");
releaseSocket();
} else if (e instanceof NoRouteToHostException) {
Log.e(TAG,"该地址不存在，请检查");
} else if (e instanceof ConnectException) {
Log.e(TAG,"连接异常或被拒绝，请检查");
}
}
}
});
/*启动连接线程*/
connectThread.start();
}
return this;
}二、发送数据
public void sendData(final String data) {
if (socket != null && socket.isConnected()) {
/*发送指令*/
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
if (outputStream != null) {
outputStream.write((data).getBytes("UTF-8"));
outputStream.flush();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
} else {
Log.e(TAG,"socket连接错误,请重试");
}
}三、读取数据
private class ReadThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
//判断进程是否在运行，更安全的结束进程
while (threadStatus) {
if (inputStream != null) {
try {
rcvLength = dis.read(buff);
if (rcvLength > 0) {
rcvMsg = new String(buff, 0, rcvLength, "GBK");
//接收到数据，切换主线程，显示数据
handler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
if(onReceiveDataListener!=null){
onReceiveDataListener.onReceiveData(rcvMsg);
}
}
});
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(TAG,"接收总控数据异常");
}
}
}
}
}四、全部代码
package com.yufs.testsocket.tcp;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.util.Log;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ConnectException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.NoRouteToHostException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
public class TcpManager {
private static final String TAG = TcpManager.class.getSimpleName();
/*socket*/
private Socket socket;
/*连接线程*/
private Thread connectThread;
/* 发送输出流*/
private OutputStream outputStream;
/* 读写输入流*/
private InputStream inputStream;
private DataInputStream dis;
/* 线程状态，安全结束线程*/
private boolean threadStatus =false;
/* 读取保存进数组*/
byte buff[] = new byte[1024*1024*2];
private String ip;
private String port;
private Handler handler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
/*默认重连*/
private boolean isReConnect = true;
/*倒计时Timer发送心跳包*/
private Timer timer;
private TimerTask task;
/* 心跳周期(s)*/
private int heartCycle = 30;
/*接收数据长度*/
private int rcvLength;
/*接收数据*/
private String rcvMsg;
private TcpManager(){}
private static TcpManager instance;
public static synchronized TcpManager getInstance(){
if(instance==null){
synchronized (TcpManager.class){
instance=new TcpManager();
}
}
return instance;
}
public TcpManager initSocket(final String ip, final String port) {
this.ip=ip;
this.port=port;
/* 开启读写线程*/
threadStatus =true;
new ReadThread().start();
if (socket == null && connectThread == null) {
connectThread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
socket = new Socket();
try {
/*超时时间为2秒*/
socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress(ip, Integer.valueOf(port)), 2000);
/*连接成功的话 发送心跳包*/
if (socket.isConnected()) {
inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
dis = new DataInputStream(inputStream);
/*因为Toast是要运行在主线程的 这里是子线程 所以需要到主线程哪里去显示toast*/
Log.e(TAG, "服务连接成功");
/*发送连接成功的消息*/
if(onSocketStatusListener!=null)
onSocketStatusListener.onConnectSuccess();
/*发送心跳数据*/
sendBeatData();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
if (e instanceof SocketTimeoutException) {
Log.e(TAG,"连接超时，正在重连");
releaseSocket();
} else if (e instanceof NoRouteToHostException) {
Log.e(TAG,"该地址不存在，请检查");
} else if (e instanceof ConnectException) {
Log.e(TAG,"连接异常或被拒绝，请检查");
}
}
}
});
/*启动连接线程*/
connectThread.start();
}
return this;
}
/*发送数据*/
public void sendData(final String data) {
if (socket != null && socket.isConnected()) {
/*发送指令*/
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
if (outputStream != null) {
outputStream.write((data).getBytes("UTF-8"));
outputStream.flush();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
} else {
Log.e(TAG,"socket连接错误,请重试");
}
}
/*定时发送数据*/
private void sendBeatData() {
if (timer == null) {
timer = new Timer();
}
if (task == null) {
task = new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
Log.i(TAG,"发送心跳包");
/*这里的编码方式根据你的需求去改*/
outputStream.write(("test\n").getBytes("UTF-8"));
outputStream.flush();
} catch (Exception e) {
/*发送失败说明socket断开了或者出现了其他错误*/
Log.e(TAG,"连接断开，正在重连");
/*重连*/
releaseSocket();
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};
}
timer.schedule(task, 0, 1000*heartCycle);
}
/*释放资源*/
private void releaseSocket(){
if (task != null) {
task.cancel();
task = null;
}
if (timer != null) {
timer.purge();
timer.cancel();
timer = null;
}
if (outputStream != null) {
try {
outputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
outputStream = null;
}
if(inputStream!=null){
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
inputStream=null;
}
if(dis!=null){
try {
dis.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
dis=null;
}
if (socket != null) {
try {
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
}
socket = null;
}
if (connectThread != null) {
connectThread = null;
}
/*重新初始化socket*/
if (isReConnect) {
initSocket(ip,port);
}
}
private class ReadThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
//判断进程是否在运行，更安全的结束进程
while (threadStatus) {
if (inputStream != null) {
try {
rcvLength = dis.read(buff);
if (rcvLength > 0) {
rcvMsg = new String(buff, 0, rcvLength, "GBK");
//接收到数据，切换主线程，显示数据
handler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
if(onReceiveDataListener!=null){
onReceiveDataListener.onReceiveData(rcvMsg);
}
}
});
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(TAG,"接收总控数据异常");
}
}
}
}
}
public interface OnSocketStatusListener{
void onConnectSuccess();
}
public OnSocketStatusListener onSocketStatusListener;
public void setOnSocketStatusListener(OnSocketStatusListener onSocketStatusListener) {
this.onSocketStatusListener = onSocketStatusListener;
}
public interface OnReceiveDataListener{
void onReceiveData(String str);
}
public OnReceiveDataListener onReceiveDataListener;
public void setOnReceiveDataListener(OnReceiveDataListener onReceiveDataListener) {
this.onReceiveDataListener = onReceiveDataListener;
}
}
总体来说分为三步：连接、发送、线程监听数据，这里连接状态和接收数据使用了监听事件，可以考虑使用EventBus。整个代码写在一个工具类里面，里面还有很多需要优化的地方。不如说将这些写在服务里面，服务的生命周期与界面绑定。还有数据的读取这一方面好像有长度限制，超过一定长度，它就分为两次或三次，这个问题待解决，不过应对小数据的通信是没有问题的。
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