http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-24782829-id-3439003.html
在正题的展开前,我们先来看一段C++代码:
- class IX {
- public:
- virtual void Fx1() = 0;
- virtual void Fx2() = 0;
- };
虚基类是不能实例化的,换句话说,虚基类只是提供一个interface的功能,它并不实现这些纯虚函数。这让我们想起C#/Java语言里面的interface关键字,interface和class不同,interface仅有接口声明,而且所有的声明默认的访问权限是public而非private,这让我们可以用C++的struct来模拟interface,因为struct默认的访问权限也是public。
让我们简单的加一个约定:
- #define interface struct
- interface IX {
- virtual void Fx1() = 0;
- virtual void Fx2() = 0;
- };
下面我们模拟一个有两个接口的组件component的简单访问
- //Filename: base.hpp
- #define interface struct
- //Filename: IFace.cpp
- #include<iostream>
- #include"base.hpp"
- //在linux终端以红色打印pMsg字符串
- void trace(const char* pMsg) { std::cout<<"\033[0;31m"<< pMsg <<"\033[0m"<<std::endl; }
- // Abstract Interfaces
- interface IX {
- virtual void Fx1() = 0;
- virtual void Fx2() = 0;
- };
- interface IY {
- virtual void Fy1() = 0;
- virtual void Fy2() = 0;
- };
- // Interface implementation
- class CA : public IX,public IY {
- public:
- // Implement interface IX.
- virtual void Fx1() { std::cout<< "CA::Fx1" <<std::endl; }
- virtual void Fx2() { std::cout<< "CA::Fx2" <<std::endl; }
- //Implement interface IY.
- virtual void Fy1() { std::cout<< "CA::Fy1" <<std::endl; }
- virtual void Fy2() { std::cout<< "CA::Fy2" <<std::endl; }
- };
- //client
- int main() {
- trace("Client:Create an instance of the component.");
- CA *pA = new CA;
- //Get an IX pointer
- IX* pIX = pA;
- trace("Client: Use the IX interface.");
- pIX->Fx1();
- pIX->Fx2();
- //Get an IY pointer
- IY* pIY = pA;
- trace("Client: Use the IY interface.");
- pIY->Fy1();
- pIY->Fy2();
- trace("Client: Delete the component.");
-
- return 0;
- }