python函数中将变量名转换成字符串

考虑到在日常中，常常需要对模型指标输出，但涉及多个模型的时候，需要对其有标示输出，故需要将模型变量名转换成字符串。看到的基本方法有两种：

一、方法层面：

方法1（函数内推荐）：

def namestr(obj, namespace):
    return [name for name in namespace if namespace[name] is obj]
print(namestr(lr_origin,globals()),'\n',
namestr(lr_origin,globals())[0])

输出：‘lr_origin’

方法2：

import inspect, re
def varname(p):
  for line in inspect.getframeinfo(inspect.currentframe().f_back)[3]:
    m = re.search(r'\bvarname\s*\(\s*([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*)\s*\)', line)
    if m:
      return m.group(1)
varname(lr_origin)

输出：

'lr_origin'

二、示例

采用方法1

def small_feature_model(model,X_train=X_train,y_train=y_train,X_test=X_test, y_test=y_test):
    pca = PCA(n_components=150,random_state=0,whiten=True)
    pipeline = Pipeline([('scale',StandardScaler()),('pca',pca)])
    processing = pipeline.fit(X_train)
    X_train = processing.transform(X_train)
    X_test = processing.transform(X_test)
    model.fit(X_train, y_train)
    y_pred = model.predict(X_test)
#     print(namestr(model,globals()))
    print('**small-%s的准确率**: %.3f' %(namestr(model,globals())[0],accuracy_score(y_pred=y_pred, y_true=y_test)))
    small_feature_model(svm_origin)

输出

['svm_origin']
**small-svm_origin的准确率**: 0.789

for model in [svm_origin, svm_rbf, lr_origin]:
    small_feature_model(model)

输出

**small-svm_origin的准确率**: 0.789
**small-svm_rbf的准确率**: 0.811
**small-lr_origin的准确率**: 0.835

采用方法2

def small_feature_model(model,X_train=X_train,y_train=y_train,X_test=X_test, y_test=y_test):
    pca = PCA(n_components=150,random_state=0,whiten=True)
    pipeline = Pipeline([('scale',StandardScaler()),('pca',pca)])
    processing = pipeline.fit(X_train)
    X_train = processing.transform(X_train)
    X_test = processing.transform(X_test)
    model.fit(X_train, y_train)
    y_pred = model.predict(X_test)
#     print(namestr(model,globals()))
    print('**small-%s的准确率**: %.3f' %(varname(model),accuracy_score(y_pred=y_pred, y_true=y_test)))
    small_feature_model(svm_origin)

输出

**small-model的准确率**: 0.789

for model in [svm_origin, svm_rbf, lr_origin]:
    small_feature_model(model)

输出

**small-model的准确率**: 0.789
**small-model的准确率**: 0.811
**small-model的准确率**: 0.835

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参考

1. How can you print a variable name in python?