python meta class 装饰器

python meta class 装饰器

研究了一下RobotFramework_Selenium2Library 中的 KeywordGroup.py 这个模块
发现里面的方法写的挺好的，自己一步一步的打印去了解了一下。
对理解 meta class 和 装饰器很有帮助，这里给大家分享一下例子
MyKeyword class 是自己写的一个测试类，用来测试Meta class 和装饰器
这一部分代码搞懂之后，你对meta class 和 装饰器会有一个新的概念

把代码随便复制到一个python 文件中，试着运行一下，或者按照你自己的想法，修改里面的参数和方法

#coding:utf-8

import sys
import inspect
try:
    from decorator import decorator
except SyntaxError: # decorator module requires Python/Jython 2.4+
    decorator = None
if sys.platform == 'cli':
    decorator = None # decorator module doesn't work with IronPython 2.6

def _run_on_failure_decorator(method, *args, **kwargs):   #装饰器方法
    self = args[0]  #这里很重要，这个参数你打印出来会发现他是一个类对象，然后我们就可以通过这个对象调用类中的属性和方法
    print "*****1****",method  #打印装饰器参数
    print "*****2****",args[0] #同上
    print "*****3*****",args[1] #同上
    already_in_keyword = getattr(self, "_already_in_keyword", False) # If False, we are in the outermost keyword (or in `run_keyword`, if it's a dynamic library)
    print "*****4*****",already_in_keyword
    self._already_in_keyword = True # Set a flag on the instance so that as we call keywords inside this call and this gets run again, we know we're at least one level in.
    try:
        return method(*args, **kwargs)
    except Exception, err:
        print "功能错误"
        if hasattr(self, '_run_on_failure') and not self._has_run_on_failure:
            # If we're in an inner keyword, track the fact that we've already run on failure once
            self._has_run_on_failure = True
            self._run_on_failure()
        raise
    finally:
        if not already_in_keyword:
            # If we are in the outer call, reset the flags.
            self._already_in_keyword = False
            self._has_run_on_failure = False

class KeywordGroupMetaClass(type):  #定义元类
    def __new__(cls, clsname, bases, dict):
        if decorator:
            for name, method in dict.items():
                print name,method
                if not name.startswith('_') and inspect.isroutine(method):
                    dict[name] = decorator(_run_on_failure_decorator, method) #给类方法绑定装饰器
        return type.__new__(cls, clsname, bases, dict)

class KeywordGroup(object):  
    __metaclass__ = KeywordGroupMetaClass #指定继承的元类

class MyKeyword(KeywordGroup): #继承 KeywordGroup, 也就意味着MyKeyword 也继承 KeywordGroupMetaClass 的属性
    """test run on failure"""
    def __init__(self):
        self._run_on_failure_keyword = None
        self._running_on_failure_routine = False
        self._already_in_keyword = True
        self._has_run_on_failure = False

    def testF(self,arg1):
        self._run_on_failure_keyword=True
        print arg1
        print 1/0

    def _run_on_failure(self):
        print "失败后运行的"

t = MyKeyword()  #生成测试实例对象
t.testF("测试传参") #调用测试方法