python编程100+题31—40（第四天）

python编程100题31—40（第四天）

自学python提高编程能力（第四天）

以下为python编程100题，来自github，原文链接如下：
https://github.com/zhiwehu/Python-programming-exercises/blob/master/100%2B%20Python%20challenging%20programming%20exercises.txt
文章的最后是一些知识点总结和提示
完成这些题目的基础上，进行了一些题目要求的翻译理解；添加了自己理解的注释和出过的错误，请同样学习的朋友们指正！

QUESTION31

'''
Question:
Define a function that can accept an integer number as input and
print the "It is an even number" if the number is even, otherwise print "It is an odd number".

Hints:

Use % operator to check if a number is even or odd.
'''

def checknumber(n):
    if n%2==0:
        yield "this is an even number"
    else:
        yield "this is an odd number"


print(next(checknumber(3)))

QUESTION32

'''
Question:
Define a function which can print a dictionary where
the keys are numbers between 1 and 3 (both included) and the values are square of keys.

Hints:

Use dict[key]=value pattern to put entry into a dictionary.
Use ** operator to get power of a number.
'''
def printdic():
    d=dict()
    for n in range(1,4):
        d[n]=n**2
    print(d)

printdic()

QUESTION33

'''
Question:
Define a function which can print a dictionary where the keys are
numbers between 1 and 20 (both included) and the values are square of keys.

Hints:

Use dict[key]=value pattern to put entry into a dictionary.
Use ** operator to get power of a number.
Use range() for loops.
'''

def printdic(a,b):
    d=dict()
    for n in range(a,b+1):
        d[n]=n**2
    print(d)

printdic(1,20)

QUESTION34

'''
Question:
Define a function which can generate a dictionary where the keys are numbers
between 1 and 20 (both included) and the values are square of keys. The function should just print the values only.

Hints:

Use dict[key]=value pattern to put entry into a dictionary.
Use ** operator to get power of a number.
Use range() for loops.
Use keys() to iterate keys in the dictionary. Also we can use item() to get key/value pairs.
'''

def printdic(a,b):
    d=dict()
    for n in range(a,b+1):
        d[n]=n**2
    for (s,v) in d.items():#在字典中，可以认为其中元素都是（s，v）的形式
        print(v) 

printdic(1,20)

QUESTION35

'''
Question:
Define a function which can generate a dictionary where
the keys are numbers between 1 and 20 (both included) and the values are square of keys.
The function should just print the keys only.

Hints:

Use dict[key]=value pattern to put entry into a dictionary.
Use ** operator to get power of a number.
Use range() for loops.
Use keys() to iterate keys in the dictionary. Also we can use item() to get key/value pairs.
'''

def printdic(a,b):
    d=dict()
    for n in range(a,b+1):
        d[n]=n**2
    for s in d.keys():#在字典中，可以认为其中元素都是（s，v）的形式
        print(s) 

printdic(1,20)

QUESTION36

'''
Question:
Define a function which can generate and print a list
where the values are square of numbers between 1 and 20 (both included).

Hints:

Use ** operator to get power of a number.
Use range() for loops.
Use list.append() to add values into a list.
'''
def listprint(a,b):
    li=list()
    for n in range(a,b+1):
        li.append(n*n)
    print(li)


listprint(1,20)

QUESTION37

'''
Question:
Define a function which can generate a list where
the values are square of numbers between 1 and 20 (both included).
Then the function needs to print the first 5 elements in the list.

Hints:

Use ** operator to get power of a number.
Use range() for loops.
Use list.append() to add values into a list.
Use [n1:n2] to slice a list
'''

def cutprint(a,b,c,d):
    li=list()
    for n in range(a,b+1):
        li.append(n**2)
    li_out=li[c-1:d-1] #这里可以直接写成：li[:5]
    print(li_out)

cutprint(1,20,1,5)

QUESTION38

'''
Question:
Define a function which can generate a list where the
values are square of numbers between 1 and 20 (both included).
Then the function needs to print the last 5 elements in the list.

Hints:

Use ** operator to get power of a number.
Use range() for loops.
Use list.append() to add values into a list.
Use [n1:n2] to slice a list
'''
def lastcutprint(a,b,c):
    li=[]
    for n in range(a,b+1):
        li.append(n**2)
    print(li[-5:])#要切出后五个，那么直接用[-5:]

lastcutprint(1,20,5)

QUESTION39

'''
Question:
Define a function which can generate a list
where the values are square of numbers between 1 and 20 (both included).
Then the function needs to print all values except the first 5 elements in the list.

Hints:

Use ** operator to get power of a number.
Use range() for loops.
Use list.append() to add values into a list.
Use [n1:n2] to slice a list
'''
def printf(a,b,c):
    li=list()
    for n in range(a,b+1):
        li.append(n**2)
    print(li[c:])

printf(1,20,5)

QUESTION40

'''
Question:
With a given tuple (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10),
write a program to print the first half values in one line and the last half values in one line. 

Hints:

Use [n1:n2] notation to get a slice from a tuple.
'''
a=(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10)
a1=a[:5]
a2=a[5:]
print(a1)
print(a2)

这十道题的难度都比较低，主要是针对python比较具有特色的列表、元组切片操作，其中需要注意的即是：
1.列表、元组中元素的下标是从0开始的，如一个10个元素的元组a，第一个元素是a[0]，最后一个元素是a[9]
2.列表、元组的切片操作，a[x,y]，所切取的元素是从下标x，一直截取到下表y-1；

列表切片举例
>>>a=[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
>>>a[0:8]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
>>>a[1:2]
[1]
>>>a[3:7]
[3, 4, 5, 6]

3.字典操作中，.items()得到的是字典中所有元素组成的(key,value)形式，.keys()得到的是所有的key元素。