手把手教你实现NIO群聊系统

前面我们一起学习了NIO的基础知识，下面将用我们学习到的知识实现一个简单的群聊系统。

需求：

1. 编写一个 NIO 群聊系统，实现服务器端和客户端之间的数据简单通讯（非阻塞）
2. 实现多人群聊
3. 服务器端：可以监测用户上线，离线，并实现消息转发功能
4. 客户端：通过 channel 可以无阻塞发送消息给其它所有用户，同时可以接受其它用户发送的消息(有服务器转发
   得到)

示意图分析:

详细设计如下：

1. 先编写服务器端
   1.1. 服务器启动并监听 6667
   1.2 服务器接收客户端信息，并实现转发 [处理上线和离线]
2. 编写客户端
   2.1 连接服务器
   2.2 发送消息
   2.3 接收服务器消息

代码实现如下：
GroupChatServer：

package com.mylove.nio.groupchat;


import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.*;
import java.util.Iterator;
public class GroupChatServer {
    //定义属性
    private Selector selector;
    private ServerSocketChannel listenChannel;
    private static final int PORT = 6667;

    public GroupChatServer() {
        try {
            //得到选择器
            selector =  Selector.open();
            listenChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
            //绑定端口
            listenChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(PORT));
            //设置非阻塞模式
            listenChannel.configureBlocking(false);
            //将该listenChannel注册到selector上，关注accept事件
            listenChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public void listen(){
        try{
            //循环处理
            while (true){
                int count = selector.select();
                if(count > 0 ){
                    //遍历得到selectionKey集合
                    Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
                    while (iterator.hasNext()){
                        SelectionKey selectionKey = iterator.next();
                        //监听到accept
                        if(selectionKey.isAcceptable()){
                            SocketChannel socketChannel = listenChannel.accept();
                            socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
                            socketChannel.register(selector,SelectionKey.OP_READ);
                            System.out.println(socketChannel.getRemoteAddress() + " 上线 ");
                        }
                        //通道READ事件
                        if(selectionKey.isReadable()){
                            //处理消息
                            readData(selectionKey);
                        }
                        iterator.remove();
                    }
                }
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            {

            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 读取消息
     * @param key
     */
    private void readData(SelectionKey key){

        SocketChannel channel = null;
        try{
            //得到Channel
            channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
            //创建Buffer
            ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
            int count  = channel.read(buffer);
            //根据count的值做处理
            if(count > 0 ){
                String msg = new String(buffer.array());
                System.out.println("from 客户端：" + msg);
                //向其他客户端转发消息
                sendInfoToOtherClient(msg,channel);
            }
        }catch (IOException e){
            try {
                System.out.println(channel.getRemoteAddress() + " 离线了。。。");
                //取消注册
                key.cancel();
                //关闭通道
                channel.close();
            } catch (IOException e1) {
                e1.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 转发消息给其他其他客户(通道)
     * @param msg
     * @param self
     */
    private void sendInfoToOtherClient(String msg , SocketChannel self) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("服务器转发消息中。。。");
        for(SelectionKey key : selector.keys()){
            Channel targetChannel = key.channel();
            if(targetChannel instanceof SocketChannel && targetChannel != self){
                SocketChannel dest = (SocketChannel) targetChannel;
                ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(msg.getBytes());
                dest.write(byteBuffer);
            }
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        GroupChatServer chatServer = new GroupChatServer();
        chatServer.listen();
    }
}

GroupChatClient:

package com.mylove.nio.groupchat;


import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class GroupChatClient {
    //定义相关属性
    private final String HOST = "127.0.0.1";
    private final int PORT = 6667;
    private Selector selector;
    private SocketChannel socketChannel;
    private String username;

    //构造器完成初始化工作
    public GroupChatClient() throws IOException {
        selector = Selector.open();
        //连接服务器
       socketChannel =  SocketChannel.open(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1",PORT));
       //设置非阻塞
        socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
        //将channel注册到selector上
        socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
        username = socketChannel.getLocalAddress().toString().substring(1);
        System.out.println(username + " is ok....");
    }

    /**
     * 向服务器发送消息
     * @param info
     */
    public void sendInfo(String info){

        info = username + "说：" + info;
        try{
            socketChannel.write(ByteBuffer.wrap(info.getBytes()));
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 从服务器读取回复的消息
     */
    public void readInfo(){
        try{
            int readChannels = selector.select();
            if(readChannels > 0 ){
                Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
                while (iterator.hasNext()){
                    SelectionKey key = iterator.next();
                    if(key.isReadable()){
                        //得到相关通道
                        SocketChannel socketChannel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
                        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
                        //读取
                        socketChannel.read(buffer);
                        String msg = new String(buffer.array());
                        System.out.println(msg.trim());
                    }
                    iterator.remove();
                }

            }else{
               // System.out.println("没有可用的通道");
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        GroupChatClient chatClient = new GroupChatClient();
        //启动一个线程每隔3秒从服务器端读取发送的数据
        new Thread(){
            public void run(){
                while(true){
                    chatClient.readInfo();
                    try{
                        Thread.currentThread().sleep(3000);
                    }catch (InterruptedException e){
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }.start();
        // 发送数据给服务器端
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        while(scanner.hasNextLine()){
            String s = scanner.nextLine();
            chatClient.sendInfo(s);
        }
    }

}

多次启动client，并发送消息效果如下：