基础知识
1.数组
> A <- array(1 :24 ,c(3 ,4 ,2 ))
> A
, , 1
[,1 ] [,2 ] [,3 ] [,4 ]
[1 ,] 1 4 7 10
[2 ,] 2 5 8 11
[3 ,] 3 6 9 12
, , 2
[,1 ] [,2 ] [,3 ] [,4 ]
[1 ,] 13 16 19 22
[2 ,] 14 17 20 23
[3 ,] 15 18 21 24
> A[2 ,2 ,2 ]
[1 ] 17
>
> dim(A)
[1 ] 3 4 2
> dim(A) = 24
> A
[1 ] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
[20 ] 20 21 22 23 24
>
> dim(A) = c(4 ,6 )
> A
[,1 ] [,2 ] [,3 ] [,4 ] [,5 ] [,6 ]
[1 ,] 1 5 9 13 17 21
[2 ,] 2 6 10 14 18 22
[3 ,] 3 7 11 15 19 23
[4 ,] 4 8 12 16 20 24
>
2.列表
> list1 = list(name='R Programming' ,action='learn' ,content='list' )
> list1
$name
[1 ] "R Programming"
$action
[1 ] "learn"
$content
[1 ] "list"
> list1[1 ]
$name
[1 ] "R Programming"
> list1['action' ]
$action
[1 ] "learn"
> list1$content
[1 ] "list"
>
> length(list1)
[1 ] 3
> mode(list1)
[1 ] "list"
> names(list1)
[1 ] "name" "action" "content"
>
3.数据框
>
> number <- paste(2017 ,3098 :3118 ,sep="" )
>
> x1 <- round(runif(21 ,min=45 ,max=97 ))
>
> x2 <- round(rnorm(21 ,mean=75 ,sd=10 ))
> x2[which(x2>100 )] <- 100
>
> x3 <- round(rnorm(21 ,mean=84 ,sd=10 ))
> x3[which(x3>100 )] <- 100
>
> data <- data.frame(number,x1,x2,x3)
> data
number x1 x2 x3
1 20173098 85 76 76
2 20173099 71 70 86
3 20173100 62 89 100
4 20173101 84 73 76
5 20173102 75 97 100
6 20173103 92 86 83
7 20173104 91 70 80
8 20173105 76 79 89
9 20173106 54 62 93
10 20173107 60 72 81
11 20173108 48 79 79
12 20173109 75 91 66
13 20173110 66 83 93
14 20173111 60 74 100
15 20173112 64 73 100
16 20173113 83 64 90
17 20173114 64 70 85
18 20173115 62 75 85
19 20173116 68 86 81
20 20173117 84 84 81
21 20173118 90 76 100
4.因子
> x <- c('Female' ,'Male' ,'Male' ,'Female' ,'Female' )
>
> x
[1 ] "Female" "Male" "Male" "Female" "Female"
>
> f =factor(x)
> f
[1 ] Female Male Male Female Female
Levels: Female Male
>
> levels(f)
[1 ] "Female" "Male"
>