1. 文件上传三要素
- 表单项type = “file”
- 表单的提交方式为POST
- 表单的enctype属性是多部分表单形式,及enctype = ”multipart/form-data“
2. 文件上传原理
- 当form表单修改为多部分表单时,request.getParameter()将失效。
- enctype = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"时候,form表单的正文内容格式是:key=value&key=value&key=value
- enctype = "multipart/form-data"时候,请求正文内容就变成了多部份形式:
3. 单文件上传步骤
3.1 导入fileupload和io坐标
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
</dependency>
3.2 配置文件上传解析器
<!--配置文件上传解析器-->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="500000"/>
</bean>
3.3 编写文件上传代码
-
测试代码
注意:函数文件参数名必须与上传表单文件name一致
-
代码
① 获取上传文件的名称:getOriginalFilename()
String originalFilename = upload.getOriginalFilename();② 设置存储路径:transferTo()
upload.transferTo(new File(“D:\upload” + originalFilename));@RequestMapping(value = "/quick23") @ResponseBody public void save23(String username, MultipartFile upload) throws IOException { System.out.println(12312312); // 获得上传文件名称 String originalFilename = upload.getOriginalFilename(); // 设置存储路径 upload.transferTo(new File("D:\\upload\\" + originalFilename)); }
4. 多文件上传
与单文件上传类似,只需要多个参数即可
4.1 方式一
form表单name不一致,后端接口分别用不同参数进行接收
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/quick24" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
名称<label><input type="text" name="username"/></label><br>
文件1<label><input type="file" name="upload"></label><br>
文件2<label><input type="file" name="upload2"></label><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交"><br>
</form>
</body>
</html>
@RequestMapping(value = "/quick24")
@ResponseBody
public void save24(String username, MultipartFile upload, MultipartFile upload2) throws IOException {
System.out.println(upload);
System.out.println(upload2);
// 获得上传文件名称
String originalFilename = upload.getOriginalFilename();
// 设置存储路径
upload.transferTo(new File("D:\\upload\\" + originalFilename));
String originalFilename2 = upload2.getOriginalFilename();
upload2.transferTo(new File("D:\\upload\\" + originalFilename2));
}
4.2 方式二
form表单name一直,后端接口用数组接收参数
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/quick25" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
名称<label><input type="text" name="username"/></label><br>
文件1<label><input type="file" name="upload"></label><br>
文件2<label><input type="file" name="upload"></label><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交"><br>
</form>
</body>
</html>
@RequestMapping(value = "/quick25")
@ResponseBody
public void save25(String username, MultipartFile[] upload) throws IOException {
for (MultipartFile multipartFile : upload) {
String originalFilename = multipartFile.getOriginalFilename();
multipartFile.transferTo(new File("D:\\upload\\" + originalFilename));
}
}