AES、RSA加密在Java中的使用

1、AES

import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.Base64;
/**
 * AES加密解密
 */
public class MyAESUtil{
    private static final String default_key = "12345678";
    static final Base64.Decoder decoder = Base64.getDecoder();
    static final Base64.Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();
    static final String charset = "utf-8";
    static final String AES = "AES";
    /**
     * 先AES加密，再Base64加密
     * @param content
     * @return
     */
    public static String encodeBase64(String content){
        String encode = encode(content);//AES加密
        if(encode == null) return null;//加密失败返回空
        try {
            String s = encoder.encodeToString(encode.getBytes(charset));//Base64加密
            return s;
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
    /**
     * 先Base64解密，再AES解密
     * @param content
     * @return
     */
    public static String decodeBase64(String content){
        try {
            String s = new String(decoder.decode(content), charset);//Base64解密
            String decode = decode(s);//AES解密
            return decode;
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;//解密失败返回空
    }
    /**
     * AES加密
     * @param content
     * @return
     */
    public static String encode(String content){
        return encode(default_key, content);
    }
    /**
     * AES解密
     * @param content
     * @return
     */
    public static String decode(String content){
        return decode(default_key, content);
    }
    /*
     * AES加密
     * 1.构造密钥生成器
     * 2.根据ecnodeRules规则初始化密钥生成器
     * 3.产生密钥
     * 4.创建和初始化密码器
     * 5.内容加密
     * 6.返回字符串
     */
    public static String encode(String encodeRules, String content){
        try {
            //1.构造密钥生成器，指定为AES算法,不区分大小写
            KeyGenerator keygen = KeyGenerator.getInstance(AES);
            //2.根据ecnodeRules规则初始化密钥生成器
            //生成一个128位的随机源,根据传入的字节数组
//            keygen.init(128, new SecureRandom(encodeRules.getBytes()));
            SecureRandom random = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG");
            random.setSeed(encodeRules.getBytes());
            keygen.init(128, random);
            //3.产生原始对称密钥
            SecretKey original_key = keygen.generateKey();
            //4.获得原始对称密钥的字节数组
            byte [] raw = original_key.getEncoded();
            //5.根据字节数组生成AES密钥
            SecretKey key = new SecretKeySpec(raw, AES);
            //6.根据指定算法AES自成密码器
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AES);
            //7.初始化密码器，第一个参数为加密(Encrypt_mode)或者解密解密(Decrypt_mode)操作，第二个参数为使用的KEY
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);
            //8.获取加密内容的字节数组(这里要设置为utf-8)不然内容中如果有中文和英文混合中文就会解密为乱码
            byte [] byte_encode = content.getBytes(charset);
            //9.根据密码器的初始化方式--加密：将数据加密
            byte [] byte_AES = cipher.doFinal(byte_encode);
            //10.将加密后的数据转换为字符串
            //这里用Base64Encoder中会找不到包
            //解决办法：
            //在项目的Build path中先移除JRE System Library，再添加库JRE System Library，重新编译后就一切正常了。
            String AES_encode = new String(new BASE64Encoder().encode(byte_AES));
            //11.将字符串返回
            return AES_encode;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;//加密失败返回空
    }
    /*
     * AES解密
     * 解密过程：
     * 1.同加密1-4步
     * 2.将加密后的字符串反纺成byte[]数组
     * 3.将加密内容解密
     */
    public static String decode(String encodeRules, String content){
        try {
            //1.构造密钥生成器，指定为AES算法,不区分大小写
            KeyGenerator keygen = KeyGenerator.getInstance(AES);
            //2.根据ecnodeRules规则初始化密钥生成器
            //生成一个128位的随机源,根据传入的字节数组
//            keygen.init(128, new SecureRandom(encodeRules.getBytes()));
            SecureRandom random = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG");
            random.setSeed(encodeRules.getBytes());
            keygen.init(128, random);
            //3.产生原始对称密钥
            SecretKey original_key = keygen.generateKey();
            //4.获得原始对称密钥的字节数组
            byte [] raw = original_key.getEncoded();
            //5.根据字节数组生成AES密钥
            SecretKey key = new SecretKeySpec(raw, AES);
            //6.根据指定算法AES自成密码器
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AES);
            //7.初始化密码器，第一个参数为加密(Encrypt_mode)或者解密(Decrypt_mode)操作，第二个参数为使用的KEY
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);
            //8.将加密并编码后的内容解码成字节数组
            byte [] byte_content = new BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer(content);
            /*
             * 解密
             */
            byte [] byte_decode = cipher.doFinal(byte_content);
            String AES_decode = new String(byte_decode,charset);
            return AES_decode;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;//解密失败返回空
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String a = "有内鬼，中止交易";
        String s = encodeBase64(a);
        System.out.println(s);
        String s1 = decodeBase64(s);
        System.out.println(s1);
    }
}

 

2、RSA

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;


public class RSAUtils {
    public static final String CHARSET = "UTF-8";
    public static final String RSA_ALGORITHM = "RSA"; // ALGORITHM ['ælgərɪð(ə)m] 算法的意思


    static final Base64.Decoder decoder = Base64.getDecoder();
    static final Base64.Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();

    public static Map<String, String> createKeys(int keySize) {
        // 为RSA算法创建一个KeyPairGenerator对象
        KeyPairGenerator kpg;
        try {
            kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No such algorithm-->[" + RSA_ALGORITHM + "]");
        }

        // 初始化KeyPairGenerator对象,密钥长度
        kpg.initialize(keySize);
        // 生成密匙对
        KeyPair keyPair = kpg.generateKeyPair();
        // 得到公钥
        Key publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
        String publicKeyStr = encoder.encodeToString(publicKey.getEncoded());
        // 得到私钥
        Key privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();
        String privateKeyStr = encoder.encodeToString(privateKey.getEncoded());
        // map装载公钥和私钥
        Map<String, String> keyPairMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
        keyPairMap.put("publicKey", publicKeyStr);
        keyPairMap.put("privateKey", privateKeyStr);
        // 返回map
        return keyPairMap;
    }

    /**
     * 得到公钥
     * @param publicKey  密钥字符串（经过base64编码）
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static RSAPublicKey getPublicKey(String publicKey) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException {
        // 通过X509编码的Key指令获得公钥对象
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
        X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(decoder.decode(publicKey));
        RSAPublicKey key = (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
        return key;
    }

    /**
     * 得到私钥
     * @param privateKey  密钥字符串（经过base64编码）
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static RSAPrivateKey getPrivateKey(String privateKey) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException {
        // 通过PKCS#8编码的Key指令获得私钥对象
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoder.decode(privateKey));
        RSAPrivateKey key = (RSAPrivateKey) keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
        return key;
    }

    /**
     * 公钥加密
     * @param data
     * @param publicKey
     * @return
     */
    public static String publicEncrypt(String data, RSAPublicKey publicKey) {
        try {
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
            return encoder.encodeToString(rsaSplitCodec(cipher, Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, data.getBytes(CHARSET), publicKey.getModulus().bitLength()));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("加密字符串[" + data + "]时遇到异常", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 私钥解密
     * @param data
     * @param privateKey
     * @return
     */

    public static String privateDecrypt(String data, RSAPrivateKey privateKey) {
        try {
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
            return new String(rsaSplitCodec(cipher, Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, decoder.decode(data), privateKey.getModulus().bitLength()), CHARSET);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("解密字符串[" + data + "]时遇到异常", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 私钥加密
     * @param data
     * @param privateKey
     * @return
     */

    public static String privateEncrypt(String data, RSAPrivateKey privateKey) {
        try {
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
            //每个Cipher初始化方法使用一个模式参数opmod，并用此模式初始化Cipher对象。此外还有其他参数，包括密钥key、包含密钥的证书certificate、算法参数params和随机源random。
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
            return encoder.encodeToString(rsaSplitCodec(cipher, Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, data.getBytes(CHARSET), privateKey.getModulus().bitLength()));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("加密字符串[" + data + "]时遇到异常", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 公钥解密
     * @param data
     * @param publicKey
     * @return
     */

    public static String publicDecrypt(String data, RSAPublicKey publicKey) {
        try {
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
            return new String(rsaSplitCodec(cipher, Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, decoder.decode(data), publicKey.getModulus().bitLength()), CHARSET);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("解密字符串[" + data + "]时遇到异常", e);
        }
    }

    //rsa切割解码  , ENCRYPT_MODE,加密数据   ,DECRYPT_MODE,解密数据
    private static byte[] rsaSplitCodec(Cipher cipher, int opmode, byte[] datas, int keySize) {
        int maxBlock = 0;  //最大块
        if (opmode == Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE) {
            maxBlock = keySize / 8;
        } else {
            maxBlock = keySize / 8 - 11;
        }
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int offSet = 0;
        byte[] buff;
        int i = 0;
        try {
            while (datas.length > offSet) {
                if (datas.length - offSet > maxBlock) {
                    //可以调用以下的doFinal（）方法完成加密或解密数据：
                    buff = cipher.doFinal(datas, offSet, maxBlock);
                } else {
                    buff = cipher.doFinal(datas, offSet, datas.length - offSet);
                }
                out.write(buff, 0, buff.length);
                i++;
                offSet = i * maxBlock;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("加解密阀值为[" + maxBlock + "]的数据时发生异常", e);
        }
        byte[] resultDatas = out.toByteArray();

        try {
            out.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return resultDatas;
    }


    // 简单测试____________
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Map<String, String> keyMap = RSAUtils.createKeys(1024);
        String publicKey = keyMap.get("publicKey");
        String privateKey = keyMap.get("privateKey");
        System.out.println("公钥: \n\r" + publicKey);
        System.out.println("私钥： \n\r" + privateKey);

        System.out.println("公钥加密——私钥解密");
        String str = "有内鬼，中止交易！";
        System.out.println("\r明文：\r\n" + str);
        System.out.println("\r明文大小：\r\n" + str.getBytes().length);
        String encodedData = RSAUtils.publicEncrypt(str, RSAUtils.getPublicKey(publicKey));  //传入明文和公钥加密,得到密文
        System.out.println("密文：\r\n" + encodedData);
        String decodedData = RSAUtils.privateDecrypt(encodedData, RSAUtils.getPrivateKey(privateKey)); //传入密文和私钥,得到明文
        System.out.println("解密后文字: \r\n" + decodedData);

    }

}