仅需6道题轻松掌握Python时间和日期处理 | Python技能树征题

0. 前言

时间和日期处理，是许多应用程序中绕不开的问题，例如日期与时间的转换、判断给定日期是周期等等问题，为了方便的处理上述问题，Python 中内建的许多标准库(例如 time、datetime 等)进行相关处理，接下来我们就通过 5 道编程题来掌握这些处理时间和日期的方法吧！

1. 第 1 题：时间单位转换

知识点描述：时间转换,比如天到秒,小时到分钟等的转换。
问题描述：请从以下选项中选出能够将 3 天 6 小时 30 分 转化为秒的程序：
A.

from datetime import timedelta
days = 3
hours = 6
minutes = 30
result = timedelta(days=days, hours=hours, minutes=minutes).seconds
print(result)

B.

from datetime import timedelta
days = 3
hours = 6
minutes = 30
result = timedelta(days=days, hours=hours, minutes=minutes).total_seconds
print(result)

C.

from datetime import timedelta
days = 3
hours = 6
minutes = 30
result = timedelta(days=days, hours=hours, minutes=minutes).microseconds
print(result)

D.

from datetime import timedelta
days = 3
hours = 6
minutes = 30
result = timedelta(days=days, hours=hours, minutes=minutes).microseconds / 1000
print(result)

正确答案： A

2. 第 2 题：日期与时间运算

知识点描述：日期和时间处理问题。
问题描述：请从以下选项中选出能够计算日期间相隔天数的答案：
A.

from datetime import datetime
day_1 = datetime(2018,1,1)
day_2 = datetime(2021,10,4)
result = (day_1 - day_2).days
print(result)

B.

from datetime import datetime
day_1 = datetime(2018,1,1)
day_2 = datetime(2021,10,4)
result = (day_2 - day_1).days
print(result)

C.

from datetime import datetime
day_1 = datetime(2018,1,1)
day_2 = datetime(2021,10,4)
result = day_1 - day_2
print(result)

D.

from datetime import datetime
day_1 = datetime(2018,1,1)
day_2 = datetime(2021,10,4)
result = day_2 - day_1
print(result)

正确答案： B

3. 第 3 题：查找指定日期的后一个周日的日期

知识点描述：查找指定日期下一次星期日期出现的日期，比如 2021 年 10 月 3 日 的下一个星期日。
问题描述：计算 2021 年 10 月 3 日后一个星期日的日期，请从以下选项中选出你认为正确的答案：
A.

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
date = datetime(2021, 10, 3)
weekdays = ['Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday', 'Sunday']
def get_day(dayname, date):
    day_num = date.weekday()
    day_num_target = weekdays.index(dayname)
    days_ago = (7 + day_num - day_num_target) % 7
    target_date = date + timedelta(days_ago)
    return target_date
result = get_day('Sunday', date)
print(result)

B.

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
date = datetime(2021, 10, 3)
weekdays = ['Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday', 'Sunday']
def get_day(dayname, date):
    day_num = date.weekday()
    day_num_target = weekdays.index(dayname)
    days_ago = (7 + day_num - day_num_target) / 7
    if days_ago == 0:
        days_ago = 7
    target_date = date + timedelta(days_ago)
    return target_date
result = get_day('Sunday', date)
print(result)

C.

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
date = datetime(2021, 10, 3)
weekdays = ['Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday', 'Sunday']
def get_day(dayname, date):
    day_num = date.weekday()
    day_num_target = weekdays.index(dayname)
    days_ago = (7 + day_num - day_num_target) // 7
    if days_ago == 0:
        days_ago = 7
    target_date = date + timedelta(days_ago)
    return target_date
result = get_day('Sunday', date)
print(result)

D.

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
date = datetime(2021, 10, 3)
weekdays = ['Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday', 'Sunday']
def get_day(dayname, date):
    day_num = date.weekday()
    day_num_target = weekdays.index(dayname)
    days_ago = (7 + day_num - day_num_target) % 7
    if days_ago == 0:
        days_ago = 7
    target_date = date + timedelta(days_ago)
    return target_date
result = get_day('Sunday', date)
print(result)

正确答案： D

4. 第 4 题：计算指定月份的日期范围

知识点描述：计算指定月份的日期范围，打印指定月份中所有日期。
问题描述：请从以下选项中选出可以打印出 2021年 10 月份所有日期(日期格式示例如下：2021-10-01)的答案：
A.

from datetime import datetime, date, timedelta
import calendar
def print_month_range(year, month):
    start_date = datetime(year, month, 1)
    _, days_in_date = calendar.monthrange(start_date.year, start_date.month)
    for i in range(days_in_date):
        print(start_date)
        start_date += timedelta(days=i)
print_month_range(2021, 10)

B.

from datetime import datetime, date, timedelta
import calendar
def print_month_range(year, month):
    start_date = datetime(year, month, 1)
    _, days_in_date = calendar.monthrange(start_date.year, start_date.month)
    for i in range(days_in_date):
        next_date = start_date + timedelta(days=i)
        print(next_date)
print_month_range(2021, 10)

C.

from datetime import datetime, date, timedelta
import calendar
def print_month_range(year, month):
    start_date = datetime(year, month, 1)
    _, days_in_date = calendar.monthrange(start_date.year, start_date.month)
    for i in range(days_in_date):
        next_date = start_date + timedelta(days=i)
        print(next_date.date())
print_month_range(2021, 10)

D.

from datetime import datetime, date, timedelta
import calendar
def print_month_range(year, month):
    start_date = datetime(year, month, 1)
    _, days_in_date = calendar.monthrange(start_date.year, start_date.month)
    for i in range(days_in_date+1):
        next_date = start_date + timedelta(days=i)
        print(next_date.date())
print_month_range(2021, 10)

正确答案： C

5. 第 5 题：将字符串转换为日期

知识点描述：将字符串转变为 datetime 对象，以便进行日期操作。
问题描述：请从以下选项中选出能够正确将字符串 “2021-10-03” 转变为 datetime 对象的程序：
A.

from datetime import datetime
def string_to_datetime(string):
    date_obj = datetime.strptime(string, '%Y%m%d')
    return date_obj
string = '2021-10-03'
result = string_to_datetime(string)
print(result)

B.

from datetime import datetime
def string_to_datetime(string):
    date_obj = datetime.strptime(string, '%Y %m %d')
    return date_obj
string = '2021-10-03'
result = string_to_datetime(string)
print(result)

C.

from datetime import datetime
def string_to_datetime(string):
    date_obj = datetime.strptime(string, '%Y-%M-%D')
    return date_obj
string = '2021-10-03'
result = string_to_datetime(string)
print(result)

D.

from datetime import datetime
def string_to_datetime(string):
    date_obj = datetime.strptime(string, '%Y-%m-%d')
    return date_obj
string = '2021-10-03'
result = string_to_datetime(string)
print(result)

正确答案： D

6. 第 6 题：与时区相关的时间问题

知识点描述：时区间的相互转换。
问题描述：2019 年 4 月 29 日上午 9 时，2019 北京世界园艺博览会开园，请问以下哪个程序可以正确计算博览会开园时芝加哥时间：
A.

from datetime import datetime
from pytz import timezone
beijing = datetime(2019, 4, 29, 9, 0)
central = timezone('Asia/Shanghai')
loc_date = central.localize(beijing)
target_date = loc_date.astimezone(timezone('US/Central'))
print(target_date)

B.

from datetime import datetime
from pytz import timezone
beijing = datetime(2019, 4, 29, 9, 0)
central = timezone('Asia/Shanghai')
loc_date = central.localize(beijing)
target_date = timezone('US/Central')
print(target_date)

C.

from datetime import datetime
from pytz import timezone
beijing = datetime(2019, 4, 29, 9, 0)
central = timezone('Asia/Shanghai')
loc_date = central.localize(beijing)
target_date = central + loc_date.astimezone(timezone('US/Central'))
print(target_date)

D.

from datetime import datetime
from pytz import timezone
beijing = datetime(2019, 4, 29, 9, 0)
central = timezone('Asia/Shanghai')
loc_date = central.localize(beijing)
target_date = loc_date.astimezone(central)
print(target_date)

正确答案：A

试题代码地址

https://codechina.csdn.net/LOVEmy134611/python_problem