策略+异常+集合 综合案例（签到系统）

//主方法包
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class AppUse {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        ArrayList<People> list = new ArrayList<>();  //签到、签退、查看都围绕集合操作
        SignService signService = new SignService();

        lo:
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("-------------欢迎来到签到系统-------------");
            System.out.println("请输入当前所需操作");
            System.out.println("1.签到 2.签退 3.查看签到表 4.退出系统：\n请输入你的选择:");
            String option = sc.next();
            switch (option) {
                case "1":
                    signService.signService( new SignIn(),list);    //记住将list传入

                    break;
                case "2":
                    signService.signService(new SignOut(),list);   //记住将list传入

                    break;
                case "3":
                    signService.signService(new ShowAll(),list);   //记住将list传入

                    break;
                case "4":
                    System.out.println("感谢您的使用，再见。");
                    break lo;  //停止while循环
                default:
                    System.out.println("请输入正确信息");
            }
        }
    }
}

//签到方法包
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class SignIn implements SignStrategy{

    @Override
    public void systemMethod(ArrayList<People> list) throws SignInException {
        //录入姓名
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入签到姓名：");
        String name1="";
        while(true){//循环判断姓名是否存在
            name1 = sc.next();
            int index = SignStrategy.getIndex(name1,list);
            if(index==-1) {
                //名字不重复，可以使用
                //生成签到时间
                LocalTime signIn = LocalTime.now();
                //生成空的签出时间
                LocalTime signOut = LocalTime.of(00, 00, 00);
                //封装
                People guy = new People(name1, signIn, signOut);
                //添加进集合
                list.add(guy);
                System.out.println("签到成功！");
                break;
            }else {  //姓名已存在
                throw new SignInException("已签到，请勿重复签到。");
            }
        }
    }
}

//签出方法包
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class SignOut implements SignStrategy {

    @Override
    public void systemMethod(ArrayList<People> list) throws SignOutException{
        //录入名字
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入签退姓名：");
        String name2 = sc.next();
        //调用getIndex方法
        int index = SignStrategy.getIndex(name2,list);
        //判断是否-1，根据索引签退或抛出异常
        if(index==-1){
            throw new SignOutException("查无此人，请重新输入：");
        }else{
            //姓名存在，根据索引添加登出时间
            LocalTime signOut = LocalTime.now();
            //重新获取一次签到时间以便封装
            LocalTime signIn = list.get(index).getSignIn();
            //将签到时间、签退时间和姓名封装为People对象
            People guy = new People(name2,signIn,signOut);
            //修改集合中的元素为新封装的guy
            list.set(index,guy);
            System.out.println("签退成功！");

        }
    }
}

//查看签到表方法包
import javafx.scene.input.DataFormat;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class ShowAll implements SignStrategy {


    @Override
    public void systemMethod(ArrayList<People> list) throws someException{
        if (list.size() == 0) {
            throw new someException("查无信息");
        } else {

            System.out.println("姓名\t\t\t签到时间\t\t\t\t签退时间\t\t\t\t历经时长");
            for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
                if(list.get(i).getSignOut().equals(LocalTime.MIDNIGHT)){    //通过签退时间是否等于00：00：00判断是否签退
                    System.out.println(list.get(i).getName()
                            + "\t\t\t" + list.get(i).getSignIn()
                            + "\t\t" + "未签退"
                            + "\t\t\t\t"+"未签退");
                }else {   //若已签退
                    Duration duration = Duration.between(list.get(i).getSignIn(),list.get(i).getSignOut());  //计算间隔
                    System.out.println(list.get(i).getName()
                            + "\t\t\t" + list.get(i).getSignIn()
                            + "\t\t" + list.get(i).getSignOut()
                            + "\t\t"+turnTime(duration.getSeconds()));
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

//People类  存放姓名时间
import java.time.LocalTime;
public class People {
    private String name;    //用新版时间类操作，最后需要类型转换
    private LocalTime signIn; //签退时间 同上
    private LocalTime signOut;

    public People(String name, LocalTime signIn, LocalTime signOut) {
        this.name = name;
        this.signIn = signIn;
        this.signOut = signOut;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public LocalTime getSignIn() {
        return signIn;
    }
    public LocalTime getSignOut() {
        return signOut;
    }
}

//异常捕捉
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class SignService {
    public void signService(SignStrategy Method,ArrayList<People> list){
        try{
            Method.systemMethod(list);
        }
            catch (SignInException e){
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        } catch (someException d) {
            System.out.println(d.getMessage());
        } catch (SignOutException f) {
            System.out.println(f.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

//策略接口
import java.time.Duration;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public interface SignStrategy {
    //从抽象方法开始都要保证能接受同一个list
    void systemMethod(ArrayList<People> list) throws someException,SignInException,SignOutException;

    
    //此处保存一个获取索引的方法
    public static int getIndex(String name, ArrayList<People> list) {
        //遍历集合，获取每一个姓名
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            People guy = list.get(i);
            //对比取出的姓名和要查找的姓名
            if (guy.getName().equals(name)) {
                //找到了
                return i;
            }
        }
        //没找到，返回-1
        return -1;
    }

    
    //此处保存一个将秒数转换为hh:MM:ss时间的方法
    default LocalTime turnTime(long seconds){
        Duration duration = Duration.ofSeconds(seconds); // 将秒数转换为持续时间
        LocalTime localTime = LocalTime.ofSecondOfDay(duration.getSeconds()); // 将持续时间转换为 LocalTime 类型
        return localTime; // 输出
    }
}

设定异常

public class someException extends Throwable {
    public someException(String e) {
        super(e);
    }
}

public class SignInException extends Exception {
    public SignInException(String e) {
        super(e);
    }
}

public class SignOutException extends Exception {
    public SignOutException(String d) {
        super(d);
    }
}