Android第23天 Service

使用startService启动服务与使用stopService的生命周期：

onCreate()---àonStartCommand()---àonDestroy()

启动方法：

Intent intent=new Intent(this,MyStarService.class);

startService(intent);

关闭方法：

Intent intent1=new Intent(this, MyStarService.class);

stopService(intent1);

启动一个服务并向服务中传入参数：

Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,LoadService.class);

intent.putExtra("URI",image_path);

startService(intent);

如何在服务中获得activity中传递的数据
     在onStartCommand()方法中可以获取得到

如果需要获得服务返回来的信息，需要在服务的类中发送一个广播，在需要获得消息的类中定义一个广播接收者，接收信息

具体例子：

实现功能：前台发送一个图片下载路径给服务，服务进行下载，下载完了保存在sd卡中并且发送一个广播给前台，告诉前台已经下载完成

public class LoadService extends Service {

   private String uri_path=null;

   Handler handler=new Handler(){

      public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {

        switch (msg.what) {

        case 1:

stopSelf();//自己停止自己

       Intent intent =newIntent("ACTION_DOWNLOAD_PIC");

           intent.putExtra("result","ok");

           sendBroadcast(intent);

           break;

 

        default:

           break;

        }

      };

   };

 

   @Override

   public void onCreate() {

      // TODO Auto-generatedmethod stub

      super.onCreate();

   }

   public class MyThread implements Runnable{

 

      @Override

      public void run() {

        HttpClient httpClient=new DefaultHttpClient();

        HttpPost httpPost=new HttpPost(uri_path);

        try {

           HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

           if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200) {

              byte[]result=EntityUtils.toByteArray(httpResponse.getEntity());

              boolean flag=SdCardHelper.saveFileToSdCard(result, "baidu.jpg");

              if (flag) {

                 Message message=Message.obtain();

                 handler.sendEmptyMessage(1);

              }

           }

        }  catch (Exception e) {

           // TODO Auto-generatedcatch block

           e.printStackTrace();

        }

       

      }

     

   }

   @Override

   public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {

      // TODO Auto-generatedmethod stub

        //获得activity传递过来的信息

      uri_path=intent.getStringExtra("URI");

      new Thread(new MyThread()).start();

      return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);

   }

   public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

      // TODO Auto-generatedmethod stub

      return null;

   }

   @Override

   public boolean stopService(Intent name) {

      // TODO Auto-generatedmethod stub

      return super.stopService(name);

   }

 

}

 

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

   private Button button;

   private ImageView imageView;

   private MyBroadcastReceiver myBroadcastReceiver;

   private final String image_path = "http://www.baidu.com/img/bdlogo.gif";

    @Override

    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        button=(Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);

        imageView=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);

        myBroadcastReceiver=newMyBroadcastReceiver();

        button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){

     

        @Override

        public void onClick(View v) {

           Intent intent=newIntent(MainActivity.this, LoadService.class);

           intent.putExtra("URI",image_path);

           startService(intent);

          

        }

      });

    }

    @Override

    protected void onResume() {

      // TODO Auto-generated method stub

      super.onResume();

       IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter("ACTION_DOWNLOAD_PIC");

      registerReceiver(myBroadcastReceiver, filter);

   

     

    }

   

    @Override

    protected void onPause() {

      // TODO Auto-generated method stub

      super.onPause();

      unregisterReceiver(myBroadcastReceiver);

    }

   /**

    * 定义一个广播接收器

    */

   public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

      @Override

      public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

        if (intent.getAction().equals("ACTION_DOWNLOAD_PIC")) {

           String result =intent.getStringExtra("result");

           if (result.equals("ok")) {

              // 从SdCard中获取数据

              byte[] data = SdCardHelper

                    .readDataFromSdCardCustomDir("/mnt/sdcard/baidu.jpg");

 

              Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data,0,

                    data.length);

             

              imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);

           }

        }

      }

   }

   

}

1.写一个类继承IntentService类

1.  在该类的构造方法的super中传入参数super("aa");aa为线程名随便定义

2.  重写onHandleIntent方法，在该方法中实现耗时操作 ，不用自己开一个子线程进行耗时工作，与上面的服务方式不同，其他的服务一般都要自己开一个线程

3.  在清单文件中进行配置

4.  如果要获得服务中的信息还是要构建一个广播

如果一个服务想自己停止自己 调用stopSelf()方法，如果外部想停止一个服务，调用stopService()

package com.jason.android24_intentservicedownloadpic;


import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import android.app.IntentService;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Message;


public class DownLoadService extends IntentService {


public DownLoadService(String name) {
super(name);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}


@Override
/**
*重写 onHandleIntent,它是一个抽象方法，必须重写
*它的执行顺序是这样的：
*onCreate
* 1. 创建一个线程
* 2. 获取线程中的Looper
* 3. 构建一个Handler
*
*onStartCommand
* onStart
* 1. 构建消息，并且将Client端的Intent通过消息发送给了Handler
*Handler会去处理消息
     *1. 直接调用了onHandleIntent -------
*   |
     *   自己重新的onHandleIntent   <---------
*
*
*/
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
// 完成耗时工作
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(intent.getStringExtra("URI"));
try {
HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
byte[] result = EntityUtils.toByteArray(httpResponse
.getEntity());

// 保存到SdCard中
boolean flag = SdCardHelper.saveFileToSdCard(result,
"baidu.jpg");
if (flag) {
// 发广播
Intent intent2 =new Intent("ACTION_DOWNLOAD_PIC");
intent2.putExtra("result", "OK");
sendBroadcast(intent2);
}
}
}catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}