Java笔记（七）网络编程

最新推荐文章于 2021-07-16 19:19:40 发布

Lee_01

最新推荐文章于 2021-07-16 19:19:40 发布

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分类专栏： # Java 文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Lee_01/article/details/107886142

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0.InetAddress

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException {
        InetAddress inetAddress1 = InetAddress.getByName("www.baidu.com");
        System.out.println(inetAddress1);
        System.out.println(inetAddress1.getHostName());
        System.out.println(inetAddress1.getHostAddress());
        System.out.println("--------------------------------------");

        InetAddress inetAddress2 = InetAddress.getByName("61.135.169.125");
        System.out.println(inetAddress2);
        System.out.println(inetAddress2.getHostName());
        System.out.println(inetAddress2.getHostAddress());
        System.out.println("--------------------------------------");

        InetAddress[] inetAddresses = InetAddress.getAllByName("www.baidu.com");
        for(InetAddress inetAddress: inetAddresses){
            System.out.println(inetAddress);
            System.out.println(inetAddress.getHostName());
            System.out.println(inetAddress.getHostAddress());
            System.out.println();
        }
        System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
    }
}

www.baidu.com/61.135.169.125
www.baidu.com
61.135.169.125
--------------------------------------
/61.135.169.125
61.135.169.125
61.135.169.125
--------------------------------------
www.baidu.com/61.135.169.125
www.baidu.com
61.135.169.125

www.baidu.com/61.135.169.121
www.baidu.com
61.135.169.121
--------------------------------------

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException {
        InetAddress inetAddress1 = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
        System.out.println(inetAddress1);
        System.out.println(inetAddress1.getHostName());
        System.out.println(inetAddress1.getHostAddress());
        System.out.println("--------------------------------------");

        InetAddress inetAddress2 = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
        System.out.println(inetAddress2);
        System.out.println(inetAddress1.getHostName());
        System.out.println(inetAddress1.getHostAddress());
        System.out.println("--------------------------------------");

        InetAddress inetAddress3 =InetAddress.getLocalHost();
        System.out.println(inetAddress3);
        System.out.println(inetAddress3.getHostName());
        System.out.println(inetAddress3.getHostAddress());
        System.out.println("--------------------------------------");

        InetAddress inetAddress4 = InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress();
        System.out.println(inetAddress4);
        System.out.println(inetAddress4.getHostName());
        System.out.println(inetAddress4.getHostAddress());
        System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
    }
}

localhost/127.0.0.1
localhost
127.0.0.1
--------------------------------------
/127.0.0.1
localhost
127.0.0.1
--------------------------------------
PC-Lee/172.27.47.241
PC-Lee
172.27.47.241
--------------------------------------
localhost/127.0.0.1
localhost
127.0.0.1
--------------------------------------

1.UDP

package UDP;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

public class Sender {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        byte[] msg = "Hello world!".getBytes();
        InetAddress inetAddress = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");  // 目的地址
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(msg, msg.length, inetAddress, 6000);    // 将数据，目的地址，端口号等信息封装为数据报
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();   // 数据报传输套接字
        socket.send(packet);
        socket.close();
    }
}

package UDP;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

public class Receiver {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        byte[] msg = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(msg, msg.length);    // 数据报对象
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(6000);   // 数据报传输套接字
        socket.receive(packet);
        int length = packet.getLength();    // 获取数据报中的数据部分长度
        String message = new String(msg, 0, length);
        System.out.println(message);
        socket.close();
    }
}

2.TCP

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 6522);
             FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("d:\\a.log")) {
            OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
            InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
            outputStream.write("Client is ready to transfer files.".getBytes());    // 通知服务器客户端已准备就绪
            byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
            int len = inputStream.read(buf);    // 接收服务器准备就绪信息
            System.out.println(new String(buf, 0, len));

            System.out.println("Transferring...");
            while((len = fileInputStream.read(buf))!=-1){
                outputStream.write(buf,0,len);
            }
            socket.shutdownOutput();    // 向服务器写入一个终止标志

            // 接收服务器的传输成功
            len = inputStream.read(buf);
            System.out.println(new String(buf,0,len));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Random;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //规则:  域名+毫秒值+6位随机数
        String filename = "lee" + System.currentTimeMillis() + String.format("%06d", new Random().nextInt(999999)) + ".log";
        try (ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(6522);
             FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("d:\\" + filename)) {
            Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
            InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
            OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
            byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
            int len = inputStream.read(buf);
            System.out.println(new String(buf, 0, len));
            outputStream.write("Server is ready to receive files.".getBytes());

            System.out.println("Receiving...");
            while ((len = inputStream.read(buf)) != -1) {
                fileOutputStream.write(buf, 0, len);
            }
            System.out.println("File Received.");
            outputStream.write("File Received.".getBytes());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

加入多线程的服务器

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Random;

public class MultiThreadServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try(ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(6522)){
            while (true) {
                Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
                new Thread(new Upload(socket)).start();
            }
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

class Upload implements Runnable {
    private Socket socket;

    Upload(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //规则:  域名+毫秒值+6位随机数
        String filename = "lee" + System.currentTimeMillis() + 
                    String.format("%06d", new Random().nextInt(999999)) + ".log";
        try (FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("d:\\" + filename)) {
            InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
            OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
            byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
            int len = inputStream.read(buf);    // 接收客户端准备就绪信息
            System.out.println(new String(buf, 0, len));
            outputStream.write("Server is ready to receive files.".getBytes()); // 通知服务器已准备就绪

            System.out.println("Receiving...");
            while ((len = inputStream.read(buf)) != -1) {
                fileOutputStream.write(buf, 0, len);
            }
            System.out.println("File Received.");
            outputStream.write("File Received.".getBytes());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

使用线程池的服务器

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class MultiThreadPoolServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
        try (ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(6522)) {
            while (true) {
                Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
                executorService.execute(new Upload(socket));
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

class Upload implements Runnable {
    private Socket socket;

    Upload(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //规则:  域名+毫秒值+6位随机数
        String filename = "lee" + System.currentTimeMillis() +
                String.format("%06d", new Random().nextInt(999999)) + ".log";
        try (FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("d:\\" + filename)) {
            InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
            OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
            byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
            int len = inputStream.read(buf);    // 接收客户端准备就绪信息
            System.out.println(new String(buf, 0, len));
            outputStream.write("Server is ready to receive files.".getBytes()); // 通知服务器已准备就绪

            System.out.println("Receiving...");
            while ((len = inputStream.read(buf)) != -1) {
                fileOutputStream.write(buf, 0, len);
            }
            System.out.println("File Received.");
            outputStream.write("File Received.".getBytes());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

3.URL

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

class URLTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
        InputStream inputStream = null;
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
        try {
            URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/examples/hello.txt");
            System.out.println(url.getProtocol());
            System.out.println(url.getHost());
            System.out.println(url.getPort());
            System.out.println(url.getPath());
            System.out.println(url.getFile());
            System.out.println(url.getQuery());

            urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            urlConnection.connect();
            inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();
            fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("test.txt");
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int len;
            while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                fileOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (inputStream != null) {
                try {
                    inputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (fileOutputStream != null) {
                try {
                    fileOutputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (urlConnection != null) {
                urlConnection.disconnect();
            }
        }
    }
}

参考书籍：《疯狂Java讲义》

参考文章：http://www.runoob.com/java/java-tutorial.html