类型转换函数（中北大学-程序设计基础（2））

目录

题目

源码

结果示例

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题目

建立一个矩阵类，可以完成指定的操作或运算。

说明：

1. 矩阵为2行3列，基类型为整型；
2. 操作或运算：输出（<<）、标准类型（int）与矩阵对象相加且满足交换律（使用类型转换函数完成）。加法规则说明：指整数与矩阵中每一个元素相加, 相加结果为整数。

可以利用如下测试函数进行验证：

int main()
{
	Matrix a(1,1,1,2,3,4);
	int m=2,b,c;
	cout<<"(1)测试：矩阵+数："<<endl;
	cout<<"矩阵a为:"<<endl<<a;
	cout<<"整数m为:"<<m<<endl;
	cout<<"a+m的结果为："<<endl;
	b=a+m;
	cout<<b<<endl;//输出一个整数

	cout<<"(2)测试：数+矩阵："<<endl;
	cout<<"矩阵a为:"<<endl<<a;
	cout<<"整数m为:"<<m<<endl;
	cout<<"m+a的结果为："<<endl;
	c=m+a;
	cout<<c<<endl;//输出一个整数
	return 0;
}

源码

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Matrix
{
private:
    int data[2][3];

public:
    Matrix(int = 0, int = 0, int = 0, int = 0, int = 0, int = 0);
    operator int() const;
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, Matrix& m);
    friend int operator+(int n, const Matrix& m);
    int operator+(int n);
};

Matrix::Matrix(int x, int y, int z, int o, int p, int q)
{
    data[0][0] = x;
    data[0][1] = y;
    data[0][2] = z;
    data[1][0] = o;
    data[1][1] = p;
    data[1][2] = q;
}

Matrix::operator int() const
{
    int sum = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j)
        {
            sum += data[i][j];
        }
    }
    return sum;
}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, Matrix& m)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j)
        {
            os << m.data[i][j] << " ";
        }
        os << endl;
    }
    return os;
}

int Matrix::operator+(int n)
{
    Matrix result;
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
        {
            result.data[i][j] = data[i][j] + n;
        }
    }
    return result;
}

int operator+(int n, const Matrix& matrix)
{
    return matrix + n * 6;
}

int main()
{
    Matrix a(1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4);
    int m = 2, b, c;
    cout << "(1)测试：矩阵+数：" << endl;
    cout << "矩阵a为:" << endl
        << a;
    cout << "整数m为:" << m << endl;
    cout << "a+m的结果为：" << endl;
    b = a + m;
    cout << b << endl; // 输出一个整数

    cout << "(2)测试：数+矩阵：" << endl;
    cout << "矩阵a为:" << endl
        << a;
    cout << "整数m为:" << m << endl;
    cout << "m+a的结果为：" << endl;
    c = m + a;
    cout << c << endl; // 输出一个整数
    return 0;
}

结果示例