说到spring-cloud 服务调用不的不提dubbo. spring-cloud的服务调用是基于http调用,dubbo是基于RPC调用。使用feign就能实现微服务间的方法调用。其实本质上相当于前端调用http接口,只不过这里用java代码实现,但也因此, 使用feign就可以与其他语言进行http通信了, 就是需要多一步写接口的流程。
spring-cloud的服务调用一般有两种,第一种是ribbon+restTemplate,第二种是feign
由于feign默认集成了ribbon,这里集中介绍feign
基于上一篇文章的例子eureka-client改造
首先新建一个模块feign-client,在pom里加入如下依赖:
pom.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>eureka-feign</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<file.encoding>UTF8</file.encoding>
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
增加配置如下
application.properties
server.port=8884
spring.application.name=feignService
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8881/eureka/
Application.java配置如下:
package top.littlematch.feign;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
@RestController
public class FeignApplication {
public static void main(String[] args){
SpringApplication.run(FeignApplication.class, args);
}
//调用的服务名,以接口的方式定义
@FeignClient("baseService")
public interface BaseService {
//调用的方法所暴露的url,其实就相当于页面调用方法一样
@RequestMapping(value = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String hello(@RequestParam("name") String name);
}
/**
* 注入该方法,idea这里可能会报红
* 这里就如dubbo的方法调用,只是这里需重新定义个接口接收方法
* 基于http会多这一步,但也因为基于http其扩展性很强,能轻易实现与其他语言基于http服务调用
*/
@Autowired
private BaseService baseService;
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(@RequestParam("name")String name){
//调用方法
return baseService.hello(name);
}
}
依次启动eureka-server,eureka-client,feign-client,再调用 http://localhost:8884/hello?name=match
浏览器返回:
hello! match
gitee代码地址:https://gitee.com/leftbehindmatches/spring-cloud-examples/tree/master/eureka-feign