import random
import math
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import city
class no: #该类表示每个点的坐标
def __init__(self,x,y):
self.x = x
self.y = y
def draw(t): #该函数用于描绘路线图
x = [0] * (m+1)
y = [0] * (m+1)
for i in range(m):
x[i] = p[t[i]].x
y[i] = p[t[i]].y
x[m] = p[t[0]].x
y[m] = p[t[0]].y
plt.plot(x,y,color='r',marker='*' )
plt.show()
def GA_TSP(pc_=0.9,pm_=0.2,n_=10,cross=1,epochs=10000):
'''与禁忌搜索算法的对比'''
global n,m,pc,pm,best,p,dna,value,way
p = []
pc = pc_
pm = pm_ #pc为交配概率 pm为变异概率
best = 1000 #best记录最优距离，初始化无限大
n = n_ #n:样本个数
m = 100 #m:城市个数
dna = [[0]*(m) for i in range(n)] #开辟n*m的数组
value = [0.0]*n #value数组记录个体适应度
way = [0]*m #way数组记录最优解路线
mycol() #数据输入
init() #群体初始化
a = []
for i in range(epochs): #控制进化次数
slove(cross)
a.append(best)
#draw(way) # 画图描绘路线
#print("The way is",way) # 打印路线，以序列表示
#print("************************")
return a
def mutation(x): # 变异操作函数
x1 = [0]*m
for i in range(m):
x1[i] = x[i]
a = random.randint(0,m-1) #随机选出两个点，将之间各点进行倒置
b = random.randint(0,m-1)
if(a > b):
a,b = b,a
le = b - a + 1
for i in range(le):
x[a+i] = x1[b-i]
def mycol(): #城市坐标输入
'''
p.append(no( 16 , 96 ))
p.append(no( 16 , 94 ))
p.append(no( 20 , 92 ))
p.append(no( 22 , 93 ))
p.append(no( 25 , 97 ))
p.append(no( 22 , 96 ))
p.append(no( 20 , 97 ))
p.append(no( 17 , 96 ))
p.append(no( 16 , 97 ))
p.append(no( 14 , 98 ))
p.append(no( 17 , 97 ))
p.append(no( 21 , 95 ))
p.append(no( 19 , 97 ))
p.append(no( 20 , 94 ))
'''
a = dict.values(city.china)
a = list(a)
for i in range(30):
p.append(no(a[i][0],a[i][1]))
def init(): #初始化函数 随机产生初始个体
vis = [0] * m
num = 0
for i in range(n):
for j in range(m):
vis[j] = 0
for j in range(m):
num = random.randint(0,m-1)
while(vis[num] == 1): # 第num个城市已被占用，需要重新选择num
num = random.randint(0,m-1)
vis[num] = 1 # 表示第num个城市被使用
dna[i][j] = num # 表示第j步去第num个城市
def get_value(t): #适应度计算，即计算当先线路的距离
# t就是dna[i],一个列表,长度为m
ans = 0.0
for i in range(1,m): #两点距离公式
ans += math.sqrt((p[t[i]].x-p[t[i-1]].x) * (p[t[i]].x-p[t[i-1]].x) + (p[t[i]].y-p[t[i-1]].y) * (p[t[i]].y-p[t[i-1]].y))
ans += math.sqrt((p[t[0]].x-p[t[m-1]].x) * (p[t[0]].x-p[t[m-1]].x) + (p[t[0]].y-p[t[m-1]].y) * (p[t[0]].y-p[t[m-1]].y))#计算首尾结点的距离
return ans
def find(x,num,a=0,b=99): #交叉算子运算时判断是否出现重复的城市id
for i in range(a,b+1):
if(num[i] == x):
return i
return -1
def cross2(x,y): # 均匀交叉法
x1 = [0] * m
y1 = [0] * m
sample = []
for i in range(m):
x1[i] = x[i]
y1[i] = y[i]
sample.append(random.randint(0,1))
#print(sample)
for i in range(m): #交叉运算
if(sample[i]==0): # 模板值为0则xy交换
if(y[i] not in x1):
x1[i] = y[i]
if(x[i] not in x1):
y1[i] = x[i]
def cross1(x,y): # 多点交叉法
x1 = [0]*m
y1 = [0]*m
for i in range(m):
x1[i] = x[i]
y1[i] = y[i]
a = random.randint(0,m-1) #随机产生两个点
b = random.randint(0,m-1)
if(a > b):
a,b = b,a
for i in range(a): #交叉运算
x1[i]=y[i]
y1[i]=x[i]
for i in range(b+1,m):
x1[i]=y[i]
y1[i]=x[i]
ob = 0
for i in range(m): #判断交叉的合法性并进行维护，直到交叉成功
if(i<a or i>b):
ob = find(x1[i],x1,a,b)
while(ob != -1):#x1[i]与x[ob]重复
x1[i] = y1[ob]#y1[ob]即y[ob],必与x[ob](x1[ob])不同,将之赋给x1[i]，出现不重复概率更高
ob = find(x1[i],x1,a,b)#再次检测
for i in range(m): #操作同上，维护另一新个体的交叉合法性。
if(i<a or i>b):
ob = find(y1[i],y1,a,b)
while(ob != -1):
y1[i] = x1[ob]
ob = find(y1[i],y1,a,b)
for i in range(m):
x[i] = x1[i]
y[i] = y1[i]
def cross(x,y): # 一点交叉法
x1 = [0]*m
y1 = [0]*m
for i in range(m):
x1[i] = x[i]
y1[i] = y[i]
a = random.randint(0,m-1) #随机产生一个点
for i in range(a): #交叉运算
x1[i]=y[i]
y1[i]=x[i]
ob = 0
for i in range(m): #判断交叉的合法性并进行维护，直到交叉成功
if(i<a):
ob = find(x1[i],x1,a)
while(ob != -1):#x1[i]与x[ob]重复
x1[i] = y1[ob]#y1[ob]即y[ob],必与x[ob](x1[ob])不同,将之赋给x1[i]，出现不重复概率更高
ob = find(x1[i],x1,a)#再次检测
for i in range(m): #操作同上，维护另一新个体的交叉合法性。
if(i<a):
ob = find(y1[i],y1,a)
while(ob != -1):
y1[i] = x1[ob]
ob = find(y1[i],y1,a)
for i in range(m):
x[i]=x1[i]
y[i]=y1[i]
def slove(choice): # 总执行函数
global best
for i in range(n): # 选择
value[i] = get_value(dna[i]) # 计算距离
max_id = value.index(max(value)) # 记录id
min_id = value.index(min(value))
if(value[min_id] < best):
best = value[min_id]
for i in range(m):
way[i] = dna[min_id][i]
value[max_id] = value[min_id] # 最优保存策略:最优解覆盖最差解
fa = -1
for i in range(m):
dna[max_id][i] = dna[min_id][i]
for i in range(n): # 交叉
if(random.random()> pc or i == max_id or i == min_id):
continue
if(fa == -1): # fa的判断让每两个样本才能有一次交叉操作
fa = i
else :
if(choice==1):
cross1(dna[fa], dna[i]) # 均匀交叉
if(choice==2):
cross2(dna[fa], dna[i]) # 多点交叉
if(choice==3):
cross3(dna[fa], dna[i]) # 一点交叉
fa = -1
for i in range(n): #变异运算
if(random.random()> pm or i == max_id or i == min_id):
continue
mutation(dna[i])
def main(pc_=0.9,pm_=0.2,n_=10,cross=1,epochs=10000):
global n,m,pc,pm,best,p,dna,value,way
p = []
pc = pc_
pm = pm_ #pc为交配概率 pm为变异概率
best = 1000 #best记录最优距离，初始化无限大
n = n_ #n:种群样本个数
m = 30 #m:城市个数
dna = [[0]*(m) for i in range(n)] #开辟n*m的数组
value = [0.0]*n #value数组记录个体适应度
way = [0]*m #way数组记录最优解路线
mycol() #数据输入
init() #群体初始化
for i in range(epochs): #控制进化次数
slove(cross)
print("The distance is",round(best,2)) #打印距离
#draw(way) # 画图描绘路线
#print("The way is",way) # 打印路线，以序列表示
#print("************************")
return best
if __name__ == "__main__":
k = 0
#main(epochs=200)
if(k==1):
"""不同交叉方法的性能表现"""
way_cross = []
distance1 = []
distance2 = []
distance3 = []
for i in range(1,16):
print(i)
epoch = i*1000
way_cross.append(epoch)
print("一点交叉法",end=' ')
distance1.append(main(cross=1,epochs=epoch)) # 一点交叉
print("多点交叉法",end=' ')
distance2.append(main(cross=2,epochs=epoch)) # 多点交叉
print("均匀交叉法",end=' ')
distance3.append(main(cross=3,epochs=epoch)) # 均匀交叉
plt.plot(way_cross,distance1,color='green',label='One-point Crossing')
plt.plot(way_cross,distance2,color='blue',label='Multi-point Crossing')
plt.plot(way_cross,distance3,color='red',label='Uniform Crossing')
plt.plot(way_cross,distance1,color='green')
plt.plot(way_cross,distance2,color='blue')
plt.plot(way_cross,distance3,color='red')
plt.xlabel('way_cross')
plt.ylabel('distance')
plt.title('The effect of the way of cross on the distance')
plt.legend()
elif(k==2):
"""不同交叉概率的性能表现"""
cross_probability = []
distance = []
for i in range(1,5):
print("the probability of cross is %.1f"%(i*0.2))
cross_probability.append(i*0.2)
distance.append(main(pc_=i*0.2,epochs=40000))
plt.plot(cross_probability,distance)
plt.xlabel('cross_probability')
plt.ylabel('distance')
plt.title('The effect of the probability of cross on the distance')
elif(k==3):
"""不同变异概率的性能表现"""
mutation_probability = []
distance = []
for i in range(1,10):
print("the probability of mutation is %.1f"%(i*0.1))
mutation_probability.append(i*0.1)
distance.append(main(pc_=i*0.1,epochs=30000))
plt.plot(mutation_probability,distance)
plt.xlabel('mutation_probability')
plt.ylabel('distance')
plt.title('The effect of the probability of mutation on the distance')
elif(k==4):
"""不同样本个数的性能表现"""
sample_numbers = []
distance = []
for i in range(2,10):
print("the numbers of sample is %d"%(i*2))
sample_numbers.append(i*2)
distance.append(main(n_=i*2))
plt.plot(sample_numbers,distance)
plt.xlabel('sample_numbers')
plt.ylabel('distance')
plt.title('The effect of the number of sample on the distance')
elif(k==5):
"""不同迭代次数的性能表现"""
epopchs = []
distance = []
for i in range(1):
print("epochs = %d"%(i*3000+1000))
epopchs.append(i*3000+1000)
distance.append(main(epochs=i*3000+1000))
plt.plot(epopchs,distance)
plt.xlabel('epochs')
plt.ylabel('distance')
plt.title('The effect of the number of epochs on the distance')
elif(k==6):
'''遗传算法与禁忌搜索算法的比较'''
from 禁忌TSP import TSA_TSP
way_cross = []
distance1 = []
distance2 = []
i = 500
epoch = [x for x in range(1,i+1)]
#distance1.append(main(epochs=epoch))
#distance2.append(comparasion(epoch))
plt.plot(epoch,GA_TSP(epochs=i),color='blue',label='GA')
plt.plot(epoch,TSA_TSP(i),color='red',label='TSA')
plt.xlabel('epochs')
plt.ylabel('distance')
plt.title('The effect of the difference methods on the distance')
#plt.legend()
#plt.show()
main()
city.py:
china = {
"海门": [121.15, 31.89],
"鄂尔多斯": [109.781327, 39.608266],
"招远": [120.38, 37.35],
"舟山": [122.207216, 29.985295],
"齐齐哈尔": [123.97, 47.33],
"盐城": [120.13, 33.38],
"赤峰": [118.87, 42.28],
"青岛": [120.33, 36.07],
"乳山": [121.52, 36.89],
"金昌": [102.188043, 38.520089],
"泉州": [118.58, 24.93],
"莱西": [120.53, 36.86],
"日照": [119.46, 35.42],
"胶南": [119.97, 35.88],
"南通": [121.05, 32.08],
"拉萨": [91.11, 29.97],
"云浮": [112.02, 22.93],
"梅州": [116.1, 24.55],
"文登": [122.05, 37.2],
"上海": [121.48, 31.22],
"攀枝花": [101.718637, 26.582347],
"威海": [122.1, 37.5],
"承德": [117.93, 40.97],
"厦门": [118.1, 24.46],
"汕尾": [115.375279, 22.786211],
"潮州": [116.63, 23.68],
"丹东": [124.37, 40.13],
"太仓": [121.1, 31.45],
"曲靖": [103.79, 25.51],
"烟台": [121.39, 37.52],
"福州": [119.3, 26.08],
"瓦房店": [121.979603, 39.627114],
"即墨": [120.45, 36.38],
"抚顺": [123.97, 41.97],
"玉溪": [102.52, 24.35],
"张家口": [114.87, 40.82],
"阳泉": [113.57, 37.85],
"莱州": [119.942327, 37.177017],
"湖州": [120.1, 30.86],
"汕头": [116.69, 23.39],
"昆山": [120.95, 31.39],
"宁波": [121.56, 29.86],
"湛江": [110.359377, 21.270708],
"揭阳": [116.35, 23.55],
"荣成": [122.41, 37.16],
"连云港": [119.16, 34.59],
"葫芦岛": [120.836932, 40.711052],
"常熟": [120.74, 31.64],
"东莞": [113.75, 23.04],
"河源": [114.68, 23.73],
"淮安": [119.15, 33.5],
"泰州": [119.9, 32.49],
"南宁": [108.33, 22.84],
"营口": [122.18, 40.65],
"惠州": [114.4, 23.09],
"江阴": [120.26, 31.91],
"蓬莱": [120.75, 37.8],
"韶关": [113.62, 24.84],
"嘉峪关": [98.289152, 39.77313],
"广州": [113.23, 23.16],
"延安": [109.47, 36.6],
"太原": [112.53, 37.87],
"清远": [113.01, 23.7],
"中山": [113.38, 22.52],
"昆明": [102.73, 25.04],
"寿光": [118.73, 36.86],
"盘锦": [122.070714, 41.119997],
"长治": [113.08, 36.18],
"深圳": [114.07, 22.62],
"珠海": [113.52, 22.3],
"宿迁": [118.3, 33.96],
"咸阳": [108.72, 34.36],
"铜川": [109.11, 35.09],
"平度": [119.97, 36.77],
"佛山": [113.11, 23.05],
"海口": [110.35, 20.02],
"江门": [113.06, 22.61],
"章丘": [117.53, 36.72],
"肇庆": [112.44, 23.05],
"大连": [121.62, 38.92],
"临汾": [111.5, 36.08],
"吴江": [120.63, 31.16],
"石嘴山": [106.39, 39.04],
"沈阳": [123.38, 41.8],
"苏州": [120.62, 31.32],
"茂名": [110.88, 21.68],
"嘉兴": [120.76, 30.77],
"长春": [125.35, 43.88],
"胶州": [120.03336, 36.264622],
"银川": [106.27, 38.47],
"张家港": [120.555821, 31.875428],
"三门峡": [111.19, 34.76],
"锦州": [121.15, 41.13],
"南昌": [115.89, 28.68],
"柳州": [109.4, 24.33],
"三亚": [109.511909, 18.252847],
"自贡": [104.778442, 29.33903],
"吉林": [126.57, 43.87],
"阳江": [111.95, 21.85],
"泸州": [105.39, 28.91],
"西宁": [101.74, 36.56],
"宜宾": [104.56, 29.77],
"呼和浩特": [111.65, 40.82],
"成都": [104.06, 30.67],
"大同": [113.3, 40.12],
"镇江": [119.44, 32.2],
"桂林": [110.28, 25.29],
"张家界": [110.479191, 29.117096],
"宜兴": [119.82, 31.36],
"北海": [109.12, 21.49],
"西安": [108.95, 34.27],
"金坛": [119.56, 31.74],
"东营": [118.49, 37.46],
"牡丹江": [129.58, 44.6],
"遵义": [106.9, 27.7],
"绍兴": [120.58, 30.01],
"扬州": [119.42, 32.39],
"常州": [119.95, 31.79],
"潍坊": [119.1, 36.62],
"重庆": [106.54, 29.59],
"台州": [121.420757, 28.656386],
"南京": [118.78, 32.04],
"滨州": [118.03, 37.36],
"贵阳": [106.71, 26.57],
"无锡": [120.29, 31.59],
"本溪": [123.73, 41.3],
"克拉玛依": [84.77, 45.59],
"渭南": [109.5, 34.52],
"马鞍山": [118.48, 31.56],
"宝鸡": [107.15, 34.38],
"焦作": [113.21, 35.24],
"句容": [119.16, 31.95],
"北京": [116.46, 39.92],
"徐州": [117.2, 34.26],
"衡水": [115.72, 37.72],
"包头": [110, 40.58],
"绵阳": [104.73, 31.48],
"乌鲁木齐": [87.68, 43.77],
"枣庄": [117.57, 34.86],
"杭州": [120.19, 30.26],
"淄博": [118.05, 36.78],
"鞍山": [122.85, 41.12],
"溧阳": [119.48, 31.43],
"库尔勒": [86.06, 41.68],
"安阳": [114.35, 36.1],
"开封": [114.35, 34.79],
"济南": [117, 36.65],
"德阳": [104.37, 31.13],
"温州": [120.65, 28.01],
"九江": [115.97, 29.71],
"邯郸": [114.47, 36.6],
"临安": [119.72, 30.23],
"兰州": [103.73, 36.03],
"沧州": [116.83, 38.33],
"临沂": [118.35, 35.05],
"南充": [106.110698, 30.837793],
"天津": [117.2, 39.13],
"富阳": [119.95, 30.07],
"泰安": [117.13, 36.18],
"诸暨": [120.23, 29.71],
"郑州": [113.65, 34.76],
"哈尔滨": [126.63, 45.75],
"聊城": [115.97, 36.45],
"芜湖": [118.38, 31.33],
"唐山": [118.02, 39.63],
"平顶山": [113.29, 33.75],
"邢台": [114.48, 37.05],
"德州": [116.29, 37.45],
"济宁": [116.59, 35.38],
"荆州": [112.239741, 30.335165],
"宜昌": [111.3, 30.7],
"义乌": [120.06, 29.32],
"丽水": [119.92, 28.45],
"洛阳": [112.44, 34.7],
"秦皇岛": [119.57, 39.95],
"株洲": [113.16, 27.83],
"石家庄": [114.48, 38.03],
"莱芜": [117.67, 36.19],
"常德": [111.69, 29.05],
"保定": [115.48, 38.85],
"湘潭": [112.91, 27.87],
"金华": [119.64, 29.12],
"岳阳": [113.09, 29.37],
"长沙": [113, 28.21],
"衢州": [118.88, 28.97],
"廊坊": [116.7, 39.53],
"菏泽": [115.480656, 35.23375],
"合肥": [117.27, 31.86],
"武汉": [114.31, 30.52],
"大庆": [125.03, 46.58],
"台湾": [120.96, 23.70],
"香港": [114.11, 22.40],
"澳门": [113.54, 22.20]
}
#193个国内城市,198个国外城市
world = {
"阿富汗": [67.709953, 33.93911],
"安哥拉": [17.873887, -11.202692],
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}
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