掩膜操作(手动操作，API操作)

掩膜操作
文中用到的掩膜：
[0, -1, 0,
-1, 5, -1,
0, -1, 0]
该掩膜同一颜色区域内不会改变颜色值，但是可以使亮色更亮，暗色更暗，加强对比度(突出颜色边界)

#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc/types_c.h>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	//读取图片并进行数据验证
	Mat input = imread("E:/Image/yg.jpg");
	if (!input.data || input.empty())
	{
		printf("load image has error!\n");
		return 0;
	}
	namedWindow("input image", 1);
	imshow("input image", input);

	//手动掩膜操作（未对图片边缘像素进行处理，图片边缘会有一条黑边）
	double t1 = getTickCount();//记录时间
	Mat out1 = Mat::zeros(input.size(), input.type());//初始化图片
	int chans = input.channels();//通道数
	int cols = input.cols * chans;//列数*通道数
	int rows = input.rows;//行数
	for (int row = 1; row < rows - 1; row++)
	{
		const uchar* prev = input.ptr<uchar>(row - 1);//前一行指针
		const uchar* current = input.ptr<uchar>(row);//当前行指针
		const uchar* next = input.ptr<uchar>(row + 1);//下一行指针
		uchar* out_row = out1.ptr<uchar>(row);//输出图片行

		for (int col = chans; col < cols - chans; col++)
		{
			//saturate_cast:设置数据在某一范围内，uchar:[0,255];
			out_row[col] = saturate_cast<uchar>(5 * current[col] - (prev[col] + next[col] + current[col - chans] + current[col + chans]));
		}
	}
	double time1 = (getTickCount() - t1) / getTickFrequency();
	printf("time1: %.4lf\n", time1);//输出double类型数据

	namedWindow("out1 image", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("out1 image", out1);

	//API掩膜操作
	double t2 = getTickCount();
	Mat out2 = Mat::zeros(input.size(), input.type());
	Mat kernel = (Mat_<char>(3, 3) << 0, -1, 0, -1, 5, -1, 0, -1, 0);//该掩膜可增强图片对比度
	filter2D(input, out2, input.depth(), kernel);
	double time2 = (getTickCount() - t2) / getTickFrequency();
	printf("time2: %.4f\n", time2);

	namedWindow("out2 image", 1);
	imshow("out2 image", out2);

	waitKey(0);
	return 0;

    //std::cout << "Hello World!\n";
}