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SpringBoot基础入门
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SpringBoot入门
1.简介
学习SpringBoot之前首先了解SpringBoot是什么?
Spring Boot它本身并不提供Spring框架的核心特性以及扩展功能,只是用于快速、敏捷地开发新一代基于Spring框架的应用程序。
也就是说,它并不是用来替代Spring的解决方案,而是和Spring框架紧密结合用于提升Spring开发者体验的工具
同时它集成了大量常用的第三方库配置(例如Jackson, JDBC, Mongo, Redis, Mail等等),
Spring Boot应用中这些第三方库几乎可以零配置的开箱即用(out-of-the-box),大部分的Spring Boot应用都
只需要非常少量的配置代码,开发者能够更加专注于业务逻辑
简单的说分为下面三点:
1:敏捷式开发
2:spring boot其实不是什么新的框架,它默认配置了很多框架的使用方式,就像maven整合了所有的jar包,spring boot整合了所有的框架
3:基于Spring框架的一站式解决方案
是为了提高使用Spring开发的开发者的用户体验
2.入门
2.1.创建项目
2.2.启动项目
出现错误
配置默认不加载数据源
package com.zking.spboot02;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)
//默认不加载数据源
public class Spboot02Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Spboot02Application.class, args);
}
}
现在再启动,运行结果:
2.3.添加实例
web层
package com.zking.spboot02.web;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
//相当于 Controller和 ResponseBody
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/")
public String hello(){
System.out.println("开始测试");
return "hello";
}
}
注:@RestController 相当于 @Controller和 @ResponseBody
重启项目:
2.4.响应封装类
Result.java
package com.zking.spboot02.web;
public class Result<T> {
private int code;
private String msg;
//因为返回的数据不知道是什么类型,所以定义一个泛型
private T data;
private long total;
public long getTotal() {
return total;
}
public void setTotal(long total) {
this.total = total;
}
/**
* 成功的时候调用
*/
public static <T> Result<T> ok(T data) {
return new Result<T>(data);
}
public static <T> Result<T> ok(int code,String msg) {
return new Result<>(code,msg);
}
public static <T> Result<T> ok(int code,String msg,T data) {
Result<T> success = ok(data);
success.setCode(code);
success.setMsg(msg);
return success;
}
public static <T> Result<T> ok(int code,String msg,T data,long total) {
Result<T> success = ok(code,msg,data);
success.setTotal(total);
return success;
}
/**
* 失败的时候调用
*/
public static <T> Result<T> error(CodeMsg codeMsg) {
return new Result<T>(codeMsg);
}
private Result(T data) {
this.data = data;
}
private Result(int code, String msg) {
this.code = code;
this.msg = msg;
}
private Result(CodeMsg codeMsg) {
if (codeMsg != null) {
this.code = codeMsg.getCode();
this.msg = codeMsg.getMsg();
}
}
public int getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(int code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public void setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
}
public T getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(T data) {
this.data = data;
}
}
CodeMsg.java
package com.zking.spboot02.web;
public class CodeMsg {
private int code;
private String msg;
//通用的错误码
public static CodeMsg SUCCESS = new CodeMsg(200, "success");
public static CodeMsg SERVER_ERROR = new CodeMsg(500, "服务端异常");
public static CodeMsg BIND_ERROR = new CodeMsg(500101, "参数校验异常:%s");
public static CodeMsg REQUEST_ILLEGAL = new CodeMsg(500102, "请求非法");
public static CodeMsg ACCESS_LIMIT_REACHED = new CodeMsg(500104, "访问太频繁!");
//登录模块5002XX
public static CodeMsg SESSION_ERROR = new CodeMsg(500210, "Session不存在或者已经失效");
public static CodeMsg PASSWORD_EMPTY = new CodeMsg(500211, "登录密码不能为空");
public static CodeMsg MOBILE_EMPTY = new CodeMsg(500212, "手机号不能为空");
public static CodeMsg MOBILE_ERROR = new CodeMsg(500213, "手机号格式错误");
public static CodeMsg MOBILE_NOT_EXIST = new CodeMsg(500214, "手机号不存在");
public static CodeMsg PASSWORD_ERROR = new CodeMsg(500215, "密码错误");
//商品模块5003XX
//订单模块5004XX
public static CodeMsg ORDER_NOT_EXIST = new CodeMsg(500400, "订单不存在");
//秒杀模块5005XX
public static CodeMsg MIAO_SHA_OVER = new CodeMsg(500500, "商品已经秒杀完毕");
public static CodeMsg REPEATE_MIAOSHA = new CodeMsg(500501, "不能重复秒杀");
public static CodeMsg MIAOSHA_FAIL = new CodeMsg(500502, "秒杀失败");
private CodeMsg() {
}
private CodeMsg(int code, String msg) {
this.code = code;
this.msg = msg;
}
public int getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(int code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public void setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
}
public CodeMsg fillArgs(Object... args) {
int code = this.code;
String message = String.format(this.msg, args);
return new CodeMsg(code, message);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "CodeMsg [code=" + code + ", msg=" + msg + "]";
}
}
DemoController2.java
package com.zking.spboot02.web;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.Arrays;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/demo2")
public class DemoController2 {
@GetMapping("/list")
public Result list(){
return Result.ok(200,"查询成功",
Arrays.asList(
new Demo(1,"足球"),
new Demo(2,"篮球"),
new Demo(3,"排球"),
new Demo(4,"羽毛球"),
new Demo(5,"台球")
),168);
}
@PostMapping("/add")
public Result add(){
return Result.ok(200,"新增成功");
}
@PostMapping("/load")
public Result load(){
return Result.ok(200,"加载成功",new Demo(3,"排球"));
}
@PutMapping("/edit")
public Result edit(){
return Result.ok(200,"修改成功");
}
@DeleteMapping("/delete")
public Result delete(){
return Result.ok(200,"删除成功");
}
@GetMapping("/queryByUser")
public Result queryByUser(){
return Result.error(CodeMsg.BIND_ERROR.fillArgs("密码等级太低"));
}
}
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
class Demo{
private int id;
private String name;
}
请求http://localhost:8080/demo2/list 正常访问
访问http://localhost:8080/demo2/add 出现405错误
在这个时候就需要一个工具
3.Eolink安装与使用
3.1.双击安装文件
点击下一步
3.2.选择安装位置
3.3.点击安装,等待自动更新完成
3.4.扫码登录
3.5.选择快速测试
3.6.后台数据接收
修改DemoController2的add方法
@PostMapping("/add")
public Result add(Demo demo, @RequestBody Map map,@RequestHeader("jwt") String jwt){
System.out.println(demo);
System.out.println(map);
System.out.println(jwt);
return Result.ok(200,"新增成功");
}
控制台打印
4.安装 Convert YAML and Properties File 的插件
Properties在配置项很多是不便于查看,此时我们需要yaml文件来进行配置(能够有层次感, 方便查看)