SD卡操作+Bitmap三级缓存+Bitmap二次采样（尺寸压缩）+Bitmap质量压缩

MX_XXS

于 2019-06-12 21:28:06 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/MX_XXS/article/details/91627845

版权

一、SD卡操作

**
一般手机文件管理根路径 /storage/emulated/0/或者/mnt/shell/emulated/0
在这里插入图片描述
重要代码：
(1)Environment.getExternalStorageState();// 判断SD卡是否
(2)Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(); 获取SD卡的根目录
(3)Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES); 获取SD卡公开目录pictures文件夹
必须要添加读写SD卡的权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission>

实现步骤

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    Button writer;
    Button read;
    Button download;
    Button read_pic;
    ImageView imageView;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        writer = findViewById(R.id.write);
        read = findViewById(R.id.read);
        writer.setOnClickListener(this);
        read.setOnClickListener(this);
        download = findViewById(R.id.download);
        read_pic = findViewById(R.id.read_pic);
        download.setOnClickListener(this);
        read_pic.setOnClickListener(this);
        imageView = findViewById(R.id.img);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()){
            case R.id.write:
                bt_writer();
                break;
            case R.id.read:
                bt_read();
                break;
            case R.id.download:
                bt_donwload();
                break;
            case R.id.read_pic:
                bt_read_pic();
                break;
        }
    }

    private void bt_read_pic() {
            imageView.setImageBitmap(BitmapFactory.decodeFile("/sdcard/Download/小恶魔.png"));
    }
//网上下载
    private void bt_donwload() {
                new My_THread().start();
    }
//读取数据
    private void bt_read() {
        //获取SD卡的0路径
        File file = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
        File download = new File(file, "Download");
        File myfile = new File(download, "秘密文件.txt");
        //创建流对象（读取创建输入流）
        FileInputStream fis = null;
        try {
             fis = new FileInputStream(myfile);
            byte[] bytes = new byte[fis.available()];
            fis.read(bytes);
            String s = new String(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
            Toast.makeText(this, s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                fis.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
   //写入数据
    private void bt_writer() {
        //获取SD卡的0路径
        File file = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
        File download = new File(file, "Download");
        File myfile = new File(download, "秘密文件.txt");
        //创建流对象（写入创建输出流）
        FileOutputStream fos = null;
        try {
            fos  = new FileOutputStream(myfile);
            fos.write("大家好我是王震".getBytes());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                fos.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

二、三级缓存

三级缓存的优点：节省流量+支持离线浏览+速度快
首先要明确什么时三级缓存
从内存获取图片, 如果存在, 则显示; 如果不存在, 则从SD卡中获取图片
从SD卡中获取图片, 如果文件中存在, 显示, 并且添加到内存中; 否则开启网络下载图片
从网络下载图片, 如果下载成功, 则添加到缓存中, 存入SD卡, 显示图片
必须要添加读写SD卡的权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission>

三个工具类（重点）
1.操作内存工具类

/*
内存缓存图片工具类
主要是以键值对存储
 */
public class LruUtlis {
    //获取最大内存
    static long maxsize = Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory();
    //获取内存对象
    static LruCache<String,Bitmap> lruCache = new LruCache<String, Bitmap>((int) (maxsize/8)){//设置给最大内存的1/8
        @Override
        //重写方法返回图片对象的大小
        protected int sizeOf(String key, Bitmap value) {
            return value.getByteCount();
        }
    };
    public static  void setBitmap(String key,Bitmap bitmap){
        lruCache.put(key,bitmap);
    }

    public static Bitmap getBitmap(String key){
        return  lruCache.get(key);
    }
}

2.操作SD卡工具类

**
 * 1.从SD读取   根据路径---->Bitmap.compress()  压缩
 * 2.SD写      bitmap--->路径  BitmapFactory.decodeFile(文件路径)
 *
 * */
public class SDUtils {
    //写入SD卡图片操作
    //参数一:文件路径 参数二:bitmap对象
    public  static void setBitmap(String filepath, Bitmap bitmap){
        //判断SD卡是否挂载
        if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){
            //参数一 图片的格式 JPG PNG  参数二 质量 0-100 参数三 输出流
            try {
                bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG,100,new FileOutputStream(filepath));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    //读取SD卡图片操作
    public  static Bitmap getBitmap(String filepath){
        //判断SD卡是否挂载
        if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){
            Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(filepath);
            return bitmap;
        }
        return null;
    }
}

3.操作网络工具类
网络下载不能在主线程

/*
网络缓存图片
 */
public class NetUtils {
    public  static Bitmap getBitmap(String url){
        Bitmap bitmap = null;
        try {
             bitmap = new MyTask().execute(url).get();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return bitmap;
    }
static class MyTask extends AsyncTask<String,Object,Bitmap>{

    @Override
    protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... strings) {
        try {
            URL url = new URL(strings[0]);
            HttpURLConnection hcon = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            if (hcon.getResponseCode() == 200){
                InputStream is = hcon.getInputStream();
                Bitmap  bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);
                return bitmap;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null ;
    }
}
}

主线程代码

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
Button button;
ImageView img;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        button = findViewById(R.id.button);
        img = findViewById(R.id.img);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            Bitmap bitmap;
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                 bitmap = LruUtlis.getBitmap("海绵宝宝.jpg");
                if (bitmap == null){
                    bitmap = SDUtils.getBitmap("/sdcard/Download/海绵宝宝.jpg");
                    if (bitmap == null){
                        bitmap = NetUtils.getBitmap("http://pic1.win4000.com/wallpaper/e/50d80458e1373.jpg");
                        if (bitmap == null){
                            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "没流量了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }else {
                            img.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                            SDUtils.setBitmap("/sdcard/Download/海绵宝宝.jpg",bitmap);
                            LruUtlis.setBitmap("海绵宝宝.jpg",bitmap);
                            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "从网络获取的图片", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    }else {
                        LruUtlis.setBitmap("海绵宝宝.jpg",bitmap);
                        img.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "从SD获取的图片", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                }else {
                    img.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "从内存获取的图片", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

三、Bitmap二次采样（尺寸压缩）

尺寸压缩的优点：生成缩略图的时候，防止OOM内存溢出

//第一次采样
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
BitmapFactory.decodeFile(list.get(position),options);
//获取宽高
int outWidth = options.outWidth;
int outHeight = options.outHeight;
int size = 1;
while (outWidth/size>300||outHeight/size>300){
    size*=2;
}
//二次采样
options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
options.inSampleSize = size;
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(list.get(position), options);

四、Bitmap质量压缩

质量压缩的优点：节省SD卡的内存

//参数一 图片的格式 JPG PNG  参数二 质量 0-100 参数三 输出流
try {
    bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG,100,new FileOutputStream(filepath));
} catch (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

MX_XXS

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SD卡操作+Bitmap三级缓存+Bitmap二次采样（尺寸压缩）+Bitmap质量压缩

**一、SD卡操作**一般手机文件管理根路径 /storage/emulated/0/或者/mnt/shell/emulated/0重要代码：(1)Environment.getExternalStorageState();// 判断SD卡是否(2)Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(); 获取SD卡的根目录(3)Environment...
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