pytorch_模型_GRU

一、GRU的原理

GRU一共有2个门。

z：更新门，取sigmoid表示以前的信息是否需要更新。
r：重置门，取sigmoid类似于LSTM的忘记门，代表以前的信息是否需要重置。就是忘记Ht-1的内容。

h‘：输入+忘记该忘记的（ht-1 * r）（R=0时候直接进行忘记之前Ht-1的操作）
新的h：更新需要更新的，不需要更新的维持（z=1就是维持Ht-1的状态不变，z=0就是进行更新）
二、GRU的实现

import torch
from torch import nn
from d2l import torch as d2l

batch_size,num_steps=32,35
train_iter,vocab=d2l.load_data_time_machine(batch_size,num_steps)

def get_params(vocab_size,num_hiddens,device):
    num_inputs=num_outputs=vocab_size

    def normal(shape):
        return torch.randn(size=shape,device=device)*0.01

    def three():
        return (normal((num_inputs,num_hiddens)),normal((num_hiddens,num_hiddens)),torch.zeros(num_hiddens,device=device))
    W_xz,W_hz,b_z=three()
    W_xr,W_hr,b_r=three()
    W_xh,W_hh,b_h=three()
    W_hq =normal((num_hiddens,num_outputs))
    b_q=torch.zeros(num_outputs,device=device)
    params=[ W_xz,W_hz,b_z,W_xr,W_hr,b_r,W_hq]
    for param in params:
        param.requires_grad(True)
    return params

    def init_gru_state(batch_size,num_hiddens,device):
        return (torch.zeros((batch_size,num_hiddens),device=device))

    def gru(inputs,state,params):
        W_xz, W_hz, b_z, W_xr, W_hr, b_r, W_hq=params
        H, =state
        outputs =[]
        for X in inputs:
            z=torch.sigmoid((X@ W_xz)+(H@W_hz)+b_z)
            R=torch.sigmoid((X@W_xr)+(H@W_hr)+b_r)
            H_tilda=torch.tanh((X@W_xh)+((R*H)@H_tilda))
            Y=H@W_hq+b_q
            outputs.append(Y)
        return torch.cat(outputs,dim=0),(H,)

三、简洁实现GRU
就是将gru层代替rnn层传入网络即可

import torch
from torch import nn
from torch.nn import functional as F
from d2l import torch as d2l
batch_size,num_steps=32,35
train_iter,vocab=d2l.load_data_time_machine(batch_size,num_steps)
#自定义模型
num_hiddens = 256
vocab_size=20
num_inputs=vocab_size
gru_layer=nn.GRU(num_inputs,num_hiddens)
#初始化状态
state = torch.zeros((1,batch_size,num_steps))
X=torch.rand(size=(num_steps,batch_size,len(vocab)))


class RNNModel(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self,rnn_layer,vocab_size,**kwargs):
        super(RNNModel, self).__init__(**kwargs)
        self.rnn =rnn_layer
        self.vocab_size=vocab_size
        self.num_hiddens = self.rnn.hidden_size
        if not self.rnn.bidirectional:
            self.num_direction=1
            self.linear=nn.Linear(self.num_hiddens,self.vocab_size)
        else:
            self.num_direction=2
            self.linear=nn.Linear(self.num_hiddens*2,self.vocab_size)
    def forward(self,inputs,state):
        X=F.one_hot(inputs.T.long(),self.vocab_size)
        X=X.to(torch.float32)
        Y,state =self.rnn(X,state)
        output = self.linear(Y.reshape((-1,Y.shape[-1])))
        return output,state
model=d2l.RNNModel(gru_layer,num_hiddens)