numpy自学笔记__数组操作

参考资料:

• 黑马程序员相关课程

索引和切片

t1 = np.array([[i for i in range(j, j+4)] for j in range(5)])
print(t1[:, :])
# [[0 1 2 3]
#  [1 2 3 4]
#  [2 3 4 5]
#  [3 4 5 6]
#  [4 5 6 7]]
print(t1[[1, 2, 4]])
# [[1 2 3 4]
#  [2 3 4 5]
#  [4 5 6 7]]
print(t1[::2, ::2])
# [[0 2]
#  [2 4]
#  [4 6]]
# 中括号里的参数个数为数组的维数,每个参数为一个索引

数值的修改

# 利用数组中的bool索引
t1 = np.array([[i for i in range(j, j+4)] for j in range(5)])
print(t1 >= 3)
# [[False False False  True]
#  [False False  True  True]
#  [False  True  True  True]
#  [ True  True  True  True]
#  [ True  True  True  True]]
t1[t1 >= 3] = 3
print(t1)
# [[0 1 2 3]
#  [1 2 3 3]
#  [2 3 3 3]
#  [3 3 3 3]
#  [3 3 3 3]]

# where方法
t2 = np.array([[i for i in range(j, j+4)] for j in range(5)])
t2 = np.where(t2 < 3, 0, 3)     #相当于三目运算符, 小于3的赋值为0, 否则赋值为3
print(t2)

# clip方法
t3 = np.array([[i for i in range(j, j+4)] for j in range(5)])
t3 = t3.clip(2, 4)      # 小于2的赋值为2, 大于4的赋值为4
print(t3)

数组的拼接

t1 = np.array([[i for i in range(j, j+4)] for j in range(5)])
t2 = np.array([[i for i in range(j, j+4)] for j in range(5, 10)])
print(t1)
# [[0 1 2 3]
#  [1 2 3 4]
#  [2 3 4 5]
#  [3 4 5 6]
#  [4 5 6 7]]
print(t2)
# [[ 5  6  7  8]
#  [ 6  7  8  9]
#  [ 7  8  9 10]
#  [ 8  9 10 11]
#  [ 9 10 11 12]]

# 竖直拼接
t3 = np.vstack((t1, t2))
print(t3)
# [[ 0  1  2  3]
#  [ 1  2  3  4]
#  [ 2  3  4  5]
#  [ 3  4  5  6]
#  [ 4  5  6  7]
#  [ 5  6  7  8]
#  [ 6  7  8  9]
#  [ 7  8  9 10]
#  [ 8  9 10 11]
#  [ 9 10 11 12]]

# 水平拼接
t4 = np.hstack((t1, t2))
print(t4)
# [[ 0  1  2  3  5  6  7  8]
#  [ 1  2  3  4  6  7  8  9]
#  [ 2  3  4  5  7  8  9 10]
#  [ 3  4  5  6  8  9 10 11]
#  [ 4  5  6  7  9 10 11 12]]

行列交换

t1 = np.array([[i for i in range(j, j+4)] for j in range(5)])
# 行交换
t1[[2, 3], :] = t1[[3, 2], :]
# 列交换
t1[:, [2, 3]] = t1[:, [3, 2]]