Screeps入门: harvest,upgrader,builder初级自动化

前言

这篇博客给想要入坑Screeps但是不知道一开始不知道如何下手的玩家的教程，关于要不要入坑这篇博文介绍的很详细：Screeps 介绍及入坑，其他关于Screeps的信息也空余参考如下文档：
中文官方文档
官方教程
Screeps API
Screep 中文教程目录

设计

这篇文章主要设计了初步自动化运行的代码，在找到并确定一个合适的房间后，选取某合适的位置设定为spawn（可以将其理解为虫族母巢），前期先确定使用如下三个角色

harvester	采矿者	将能量或元素矿开采出来并存入指定的结构中
upgrader	升级者	从指定的结构中取出能量升级房间控制器
builder	建造者	从指定的结构中取出能量并建造结构

角色设计

harvester

主要设计思路是假如这个harvester的store还有空间，那么就先找到一个source，然后到他附近收集能源，能源收集足够之后，遍历各个建筑，找出需要补充能量的建筑，然后去各个补充能量。

var roleHarvester = {

    /** @param {Creep} creep **/
    run: function(creep) {
	    if(creep.store.getFreeCapacity() > 0) { // 背包未满 采矿
            var sources = creep.room.find(FIND_SOURCES);
            if(creep.harvest(sources[0]) == ERR_NOT_IN_RANGE) {
                creep.moveTo(sources[0], {visualizePathStyle: {stroke: '#ffaa00'}});
            }
        }
        else {
            var targets = creep.room.find(FIND_STRUCTURES, { //找出需要补充能量的建筑
                    filter: (structure) => {
                        return (structure.structureType == STRUCTURE_EXTENSION || 
                                structure.structureType == STRUCTURE_SPAWN ||
                                structure.structureType == STRUCTURE_TOWER) &&
                            structure.store.getFreeCapacity(RESOURCE_ENERGY) > 0;
                    }
            });
            if(targets.length > 0) { // 需要维护的建筑数目 > 0
                if(creep.transfer(targets[0], RESOURCE_ENERGY) == ERR_NOT_IN_RANGE) {
                    creep.moveTo(targets[0], {visualizePathStyle: {stroke: '#ffffff'}});
                }
            }
        }
	}
};

module.exports = roleHarvester;

upgrader

upgrader主要是升级控制器用的，设计思路是用upgrading来设定是否是升级状态，是的话就去升级控制器，不是的话就去采集能量。

var roleUpgrader = {

    /** @param {Creep} creep **/
    run: function(creep) {

        if(creep.memory.upgrading && creep.store[RESOURCE_ENERGY] == 0) {  // 升级状态&&能量不足的时候，变为采集者
            creep.memory.upgrading = false; 
            creep.say('🔄 harvest');
	    }
	    if(!creep.memory.upgrading && creep.store.getFreeCapacity() == 0) {  // 非升级状态&&能量满的时候，变为升级状态
	        creep.memory.upgrading = true;
	        creep.say('⚡ upgrade');
	    }

	    if(creep.memory.upgrading) { // 升级状态，找到控制器并升级 + 可视化
            if(creep.upgradeController(creep.room.controller) == ERR_NOT_IN_RANGE) {
                creep.moveTo(creep.room.controller, {visualizePathStyle: {stroke: '#ffffff'}});
            }
        }
        else {  // 采集状态 + 可视化
            var sources = creep.room.find(FIND_SOURCES);
            if(creep.harvest(sources[1]) == ERR_NOT_IN_RANGE) {
                creep.moveTo(sources[1], {visualizePathStyle: {stroke: '#ffaa00'}});
            }
        }
	}
};

module.exports = roleUpgrader;

builder

builder主要是用来建造各种建筑，比如控制器升级到2级之后，可以建造5个EXTENSION,每个可以存储50个能量，这个主要是跟spawn共享能量。设计思路也是设定一个building来判断是否是建造状态，是的话就去建造，不是的话就去采集能量。

var roleBuilder = {

    /** @param {Creep} creep **/
    run: function(creep) {

	    if(creep.memory.building && creep.store[RESOURCE_ENERGY] == 0) { // building && 背包为空
            creep.memory.building = false;  // 变为 非building状态
            creep.say('🔄 harvest');
	    }
	    if(!creep.memory.building && creep.store.getFreeCapacity() == 0) { // 非building状态 && 背包满(空余为0)
	        creep.memory.building = true;  // 变为 building状态
	        creep.say('🚧 build');
	    }

	    if(creep.memory.building) {  // building状态的时候
	        var targets = creep.room.find(FIND_CONSTRUCTION_SITES); // 寻找建筑位
            if(targets.length) {  // targets.length > 0  || 建筑位 > 0
                if(creep.build(targets[0]) == ERR_NOT_IN_RANGE) {
                    creep.moveTo(targets[0], {visualizePathStyle: {stroke: '#ffffff'}}); // 绘制路径
                }
            }
	    }
	    else {  // 非building状态的时候， 到source旁边并采集
	        var sources = creep.room.find(FIND_SOURCES);
            if(creep.harvest(sources[0]) == ERR_NOT_IN_RANGE) {
                creep.moveTo(sources[0], {visualizePathStyle: {stroke: '#ffaa00'}});
            }
	    }
	}
};

module.exports = roleBuilder;

main

自动生产两个harvest，一个upgrader，控制器2级的时候，生产一个builder。
分别计算harvest,upgrader,builder的数量，少于其某个设定值的时候，命令spawn生产相应的creep。

// creep自杀 释放内存 + 保证至少2个
var roleHarvester = require('role.harvester');
var roleUpgrader = require('role.upgrader');
var roleBuilder = require('role.builder');

module.exports.loop = function () {

    for(var name in Memory.creeps) { // 释放内存
        if(!Game.creeps[name]) {
            delete Memory.creeps[name];
            console.log('Clearing non-existing creep memory:', name);
        }
    }

    var harvesters = _.filter(Game.creeps, (creep) => creep.memory.role == 'harvester');
    var upgraders = _.filter(Game.creeps, (creep) => creep.memory.role == 'upgrader');
    var builders = _.filter(Game.creeps, (creep) => creep.memory.role == 'builder');
    //console.log('Harvesters: ' + harvesters.length);
    var controller_level = Game.spawns['Spawn1'].room.controller.level; // 查看控制器等级
    //console.log('controller:' + Game.spawns['Spawn1'].room.controller.level)


    // harvester少于2的时候生产harvester
    if(harvesters.length < 2) { 
        var newName = 'Harvester' + Game.time;
        console.log('Spawning new harvester: ' + newName);
        Game.spawns['Spawn1'].spawnCreep([WORK,CARRY,MOVE], newName, 
            {memory: {role: 'harvester'}});  // 指定relo属性
    }

    // harvester等于2的时候生产 upgrader
    if(harvesters.length == 2 && upgraders.length < 2) { 
        var newName = 'Upgrader' + Game.time;
        console.log('Spawning new upgrader: ' + newName);
        Game.spawns['Spawn1'].spawnCreep([WORK,CARRY,MOVE], newName, 
            {memory: {role: 'upgrader'}});  // 指定relo属性
    }
    
    // 生产builder
    if(controller_level >= 2 && builders.length < 2){
        var nameBuilder = 'Builder' + Game.time;
        console.log('Spawing new builder:' + nameBuilder);
        Game.spawns['Spawn1'].spawnCreep([WORK,CARRY,MOVE], nameBuilder, 
            {memory:{role: 'builder'}});
    }

    if(Game.spawns['Spawn1'].spawning) { // 孵化过程可视化
        var spawningCreep = Game.creeps[Game.spawns['Spawn1'].spawning.name];
        Game.spawns['Spawn1'].room.visual.text(
            '🛠️' + spawningCreep.memory.role,
            Game.spawns['Spawn1'].pos.x + 1, 
            Game.spawns['Spawn1'].pos.y, 
            {align: 'left', opacity: 0.8});
    }

    for(var name in Game.creeps) {
        var creep = Game.creeps[name];
        if(creep.memory.role == 'harvester') {
            roleHarvester.run(creep);
        }
        if(creep.memory.role == 'upgrader') {
            roleUpgrader.run(creep);
        }
        if(creep.memory.role == 'builder') {
            roleBuilder.run(creep);
        }
    }
}