python中的“ ... ”

import numpy as np

a = np.array([[[1, 2, 21], [3, 4, 34]],
              [[5, 6, 56], [7, 8, 78]]])
print("a:",a)
print('a.shape:', a.shape)
print("-"*10)

'''
[...,0:2]针对的是最后一个维度的下标为0、1的元素
'''
b = a[..., 0:2]
print('b :', b)
print('shape.b:', b.shape)
print("-"*10)

'''
[...,1:2]针对的是最后一个维度的下标为1的元素
'''
c = a[..., 1:2]
print('c :', c)
print('shape.c:', c.shape)
print("-"*10)

'''
[...,1]是相当于[-1],倒数第1个维度(-2,-1,-0)
'''
d = a[..., 1]
print('d :', d)
print('shape.d:', d.shape)

运行结果如下： 

a: [[[ 1  2 21]
  [ 3  4 34]]

 [[ 5  6 56]
  [ 7  8 78]]]
a.shape: (2, 2, 3)
----------
b : [[[1 2]
  [3 4]]

 [[5 6]
  [7 8]]]
shape.b: (2, 2, 2)
----------
c : [[[2]
  [4]]

 [[6]
  [8]]]
shape.c: (2, 2, 1)
----------
d : [[2 4]
 [6 8]]
shape.d: (2, 2)