第三章——运算符

3.1算术运算符(加减乘除)

• 作用：用于处理四则运算
• 分类
• 

 实例

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	//加减乘除
	int a1 = 10;
	int b1 = 3;
	cout << a1 + b1 << endl;
	cout << a1 - b1 << endl;
	cout << a1 * b1 << endl;
	cout << a1 / b1 << endl; //两个整数相除，结果依然是整数，因为规定了整型int

	int a2 = 10;
	int b2 = 20;
	cout << a2 / b2 << endl; //两数相除结果是小数，把小数部分舍去

	//int a3 = 10;
	//int b3 = 0;
	//cout << a3 / b3 << endl;//两数相除，分母不能为0

	//两个小数可以相除吗？
	double d1 = 5.0;
	double d2 = 2.5;
	cout << d1 / d2 << endl;

	system("pause");

	return 0;
}

 取模(取余)运算

•  实例

  • #include<iostream>
    using namespace std;
    int main()
    {
    	//取模运算本质 求余数
    	int a1 = 10;
    	int b1 = 3;
    	cout << a1 % b1 << endl;
    
    	int a2 = 10;
    	int b2 = 20;
    	cout << a2 % b2 << endl;
    
    	int a3 = 10;
    	int b3 = 0;
    	//cout << a3 % b3 << endl;   两个数相除，除数不可以为0，也做不了取模运算
    
    	//两个小数是不可以做取模运算的
    	double d1 = 3.14;
    	double d2 = 2.1;
    	/*cout << d1 % d2 << endl;*/
    
    	system("pause");
    
    	return 0;
    }

    注意事项

    • 取模运算只能针对整型数据

    • 两个小数是不能做取模运算的

 递增递减

• 实例

  • #include<iostream>
    using namespace std;
    int main()
    {
    	//1、前置递增
    	int a = 10;
    	++a;//让变量+1
    	cout << "a=" << a << endl;
    
    	//2、后置递增
    	int b = 10;
    	b++;
    	cout << "b=" << b << endl;
    
    	//3、前置和后置的区别
    	//前置递增  先让变量+1  然后进行表达式运算
    	int a2 = 10;
    	int b2 = ++a2 * 10;
    	cout << "a2=" << a2 << endl;
    	cout << "b2=" << b2 << endl;
    
    	//后置递增  先进性表达式的运算 后让变量+1
    	int a3 = 10;
    	int b3 = a3++ * 10;
    	cout << "a3=" << a3 << endl;
    	cout << "b3=" << b3 << endl;   //先用初始的a3和10相乘，得到b3.再对a3进行+1处理
    
    	//前置递减
    	int	a4 = 10;
    	--a4;
    	cout << "a4=" << a4 << endl;
    
    	//后置递减
    
    	int b4 = 10;
    	b4--;
    	cout << "b4=" << b4 << endl;
    
    	//前置递减、后置递减的区别
    	//前置递减 先让变量-1 然后进行表达式运算
    	int a5 = 10;
    	int	b5 = --a5 * 10;
    	cout << "a5=" << a5 << endl;
    	cout << "b5=" << b5 << endl;
    
    	//后置递减 先进行表达式的运算 再对变量-1
    	int a6 = 10;
    	int b6 = a6-- * 10;
    	cout << "a6=" << a6 << endl;
    	cout << "b6=" << b6 << endl;
    
    	system("pause");
    
    	return 0;
    }

3.2赋值运算符 

• 作用：用于将表达式的值赋给变量
• 包含
  • 
• 实例

  • #include<iostream>
    using namespace std;
    int main()
    {
    	//赋值运算符
    
    	// =
    	int a = 10;
    	a = 100;
    	cout << "a=" << a << endl;
    
    	// +=
    	a = 10;
    	a += 2;   //a=a+2;
    	cout << "a=" << a << endl;
    
    	// -=
    	a = 10;
    	a -= 2;   //a=a-2;
    	cout << "a=" << a << endl;
    
    	// *=
    	a = 10;
    	a *= 2;   //a=a*2;
    	cout << "a=" << a << endl;
    
    	// /=
    	a = 10;
    	a /= 2; //a = a / 2;
    	cout << "a=" << a << endl;
    
    	// %=
    	a = 10;
    	a %= 2;
    	cout << "a=" << a << endl;
    
    	system("pause");
    
    	return 0;
    }

3.3比较运算符 

• 作用：用于表达式的比较，并返回一个真值或假值
• 分类
  • 

• 实例

  • #include<iostream>
    using namespace std;
    int main()
    {
    	//比较运算符
    	// ==
    	int a = 10;
    	int b = 20;
    	cout << (a == b) << endl;
    	// !=
    	cout << (a != b) << endl;
    	// >
    	cout << (a > b) << endl;
    	// <
    	cout << (a < b) << endl;
    	// >=
    	cout << (a >= b) << endl;
    	// <=
    	cout << (a <= b) << endl;
    	system("pause");
    
    	return 0;
    }

3.4逻辑运算符 

• 作用：用于根据表达式的值返回真值或假值
• 分类
  • 

非   

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	//逻辑运算符 非 ！
	int a = 10;
	cout << !a << endl; //在C++中，除了0 都为真
	
	cout << !!a << endl;

	system("pause");

	return 0;
}

 与（同真为真，其余为假）

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	//逻辑运算符 与 &&
	int a = 10;
	int b = 10;
	cout << (a && b) << endl;

	a = 0;
	b = 10;
	cout << (a && b) << endl;

	a = 0;
	b = 0;
	cout << (a && b) << endl;
	//同真为真，其余为假

	system("pause");

	return 0;
}

 或（同假为假，其余为真）

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	int a = 10;
	int b = 10;

	cout << (a || b) << endl;
	
	a = 0;
	b = 10;
	cout << (a || b) << endl;

	a = 0;
	b = 0;
	cout << (a || b) << endl;

	//结论：同假为假，其余为真

	system("pause");

	return 0;
}