struts2 --增删查改

一、导入相关的pom依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.lst</groupId>
	<artifactId>struts</artifactId>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>struts Maven Webapp</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.12</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>5.1.44</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>4.0.1</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
			<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.13</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 5.3、jstl、standard -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>jstl</groupId>
			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
			<version>1.2</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
			<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
			<version>1.1.2</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 5.4、tomcat-jsp-api -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
			<artifactId>tomcat-jsp-api</artifactId>
			<version>8.0.47</version>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<finalName>struts</finalName>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.7.0</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.8</source>
					<target>1.8</target>
					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

我们来看看目录结构

二、分页的tag类导入、z.tld、完成web.xml的配置

PageTag

package com.lst.crud.tag;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;

import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;

import com.lst.crud.util.PageBean;

public class PageTag extends BodyTagSupport {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 2411829139570358249L;
	private PageBean pageBean;

	@Override
	public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
		JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut();
		try {
			out.write(toHTML());
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return super.doStartTag();
	}
	
	public String toHTML() {
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		// 下一次请求提交到后台的表单html代码拼接
		sb.append("<form id='pageBeanForm' action='" + pageBean.getUrl() + "' method='post'>");
		Map<String, String[]> paramMap = pageBean.getParamMap();
		if (paramMap != null && paramMap.size() > 0) {
			for (Entry<String, String[]> entry : paramMap.entrySet()) {
				if (!"page".equals(entry.getKey())) {
					for(String val : entry.getValue()) {
						sb.append("<input type='hidden' name='" + entry.getKey() + "' value='" + val + "' >");
					}
				}
			}
		}
		sb.append("<input type='hidden' name='page'>");
		sb.append("</form>");

		// 分页条html代码拼接
		sb.append("<div style='text-align: right; font-size: 12px;'>");
		sb.append("	每页"+pageBean.getRows()+"条，共"+pageBean.getTotal()+"条，第"+pageBean.getPage()+"页，共"+pageBean.getMaxPage()+"页&nbsp;&nbsp;<a ");
		sb.append("	href='javascript:gotoPage(1)'>首页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a");
		sb.append("	href='javascript:gotoPage("+pageBean.getPreviousPage()+")'>上一页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a");

		sb.append("	href='javascript:gotoPage("+pageBean.getNextPage()+")'>下一页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a");
		sb.append("	href='javascript:gotoPage("+pageBean.getMaxPage()+")'>尾页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type='text'");
		sb.append("	id='skipPage'");
		sb.append("	style='text-align: center; font-size: 12px; width: 50px;'>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a");
		sb.append("	href='javascript:skipPage()'>Go</a>");
		sb.append("</div>");
		
		// 分页所需要调用的js代码
		sb.append("<script type='text/javascript'>");
		sb.append("	function gotoPage(page) {");
		sb.append("		document.getElementById('pageBeanForm').page.value = page;");
		sb.append("		document.getElementById('pageBeanForm').submit();");
		sb.append("	}");
		sb.append("	function skipPage() {");
		sb.append("		var page = document.getElementById('skipPage').value;");
		sb.append("		if(!page || isNaN(page) || parseInt(page)<1 || parseInt(page)>"+pageBean.getMaxPage()+"){");
		sb.append("			alert('请输入1~N的数字');");
		sb.append("			return;");
		sb.append("		}");
		sb.append("		gotoPage(page);");
		sb.append("	}");
		sb.append("</script>");

		return sb.toString();
	}

	public PageBean getPageBean() {
		return pageBean;
	}

	public void setPageBean(PageBean pageBean) {
		this.pageBean = pageBean;
	}
}

util包中的部分类（其余便不一 一展示）
BaseDao

package com.lst.crud.util;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * T = Book.class
 * T = Student.class
 * @author Administrator
 *
 * @param <T>
 */
public class BaseDao<T> {
	
	/**
	 * 
	 * @param sql 决定查询那张表的数据
	 * @param clz 查询出来的数据封装到那个实体类中
	 * @param pb   决定是否分页
	 * @return
	 * @throws SQLException 
	 * @throws IllegalAccessException 
	 * @throws InstantiationException 
	 */
	public List<T> executeQuery(String sql,Class clz,PageBean pb) throws SQLException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException{
		List<T> ls = new ArrayList<>();
		Connection con = DBAccess.getConnection();
		PreparedStatement ps = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try {
			if(pb!=null&&pb.isPagination()) {
				//该分页了
				String countSql = getCountSql(sql);
				ps = con.prepareStatement(countSql);
				rs = ps.executeQuery();
				if(rs.next()) {
					pb.setTotal(rs.getLong(1)+"");
				}
				String pageSql = getPageSql(sql,pb);
				ps = con.prepareStatement(pageSql);
				rs = ps.executeQuery();
			}
			else {
				ps = con.prepareStatement(sql);
				rs = ps.executeQuery();
			}
	
			while(rs.next()) {
	//			ls.add(new Book(rs.getInt("bid"),
	//			rs.getString("bname"),
	//			rs.getFloat("price")));
				/*
				 * 1、创建了一个Book对象
				 * 2、从ResultSet结果集中获取值放入Book对象属性中
				 * 	2.1  获取到Book的属性对象
				 * 	2.2  给属性对象赋值
				 * 3、将已经有值的book对象放入list中
				 */
				T t = (T) clz.newInstance();
				Field[] fields = clz.getDeclaredFields();
				for (Field field : fields) {
					field.setAccessible(true);
					field.set(t, rs.getObject(field.getName()));
				}
				ls.add(t);
			} 
		} finally {
			DBAccess.close(con, ps, rs);
		}
		return ls;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 用原生sql拼接查询符合条件的某一页的数据查询sql
	 * @param sql
	 * @param pb
	 * @return
	 */
	private String getPageSql(String sql,PageBean pb) {
		return sql+" limit "+pb.getStartIndex()+","+pb.getRows();
	}

	/**
	 * 用原生sql拼接查询符合条件的记录
	 * @param sql
	 * @return
	 */
	private String getCountSql(String sql) {
		return "select count(1) from ("+sql+") t";
	}
	
	/**
	 * 通用的增删改方法
	 * @param sql	增删改的sql语句
	 * @param attrs	？所代表的实体类的属性
	 * @param t		实体类的实例
	 * @return
	 * @throws SQLException
	 * @throws NoSuchFieldException
	 * @throws SecurityException
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException
	 * @throws IllegalAccessException
	 */
	public int executeUpdate(String sql, String[] attrs, T t) throws SQLException, NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException {
		Connection con = DBAccess.getConnection();
		PreparedStatement pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
		for (int i = 0; i < attrs.length; i++) {
			Field field = t.getClass().getDeclaredField(attrs[i]);
			field.setAccessible(true);
			pst.setObject(i+1, field.get(t));
		}
		return pst.executeUpdate();
	}	
}

PageBean

package com.lst.crud.util;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

/**
 * 分页工具类
 */
public class PageBean {

	private int page = 1;// 页码

	private int rows = 3;// 页大小

	private int total = 0;// 总记录数

	private boolean pagination = true;// 是否分页

	private String url;//存放上一次请求
	private Map<String, String[]> paramMap = new HashMap<>();//键值对  存放查询参数

	/**
	 * 存放 参数、键值对
	 * @param req
	 */
	public void setRequest(HttpServletRequest req) {
		this.setPage(req.getParameter("page"));//设置第几页
		this.setRows(req.getParameter("rows"));//设置每页的记录数
		this.setPagination(req.getParameter("pagination"));//设置是否分页
		this.setUrl(req.getRequestURL().toString());//getRequestURL获取到浏览器请求的全路径
		this.setParamMap(req.getParameterMap());//getParameterMap可以获取到一次url请求所携带的所有参数
	}

	/**
	 * 设置是否分页
	 * @param pagination
	 */
	public void setPagination(String pagination) {
		if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(pagination)) {
			this.setPagination(!"false".equals(pagination));//是否分页  默认
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 设置每一页的记录数
	 * @param rows
	 */
	public void setRows(String rows) {
		if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(rows)) {
			this.setRows(Integer.valueOf(rows));//几条数据
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 设置第几页
	 * @param page
	 */
	public void setPage(String page) {
		if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(page)) {
			this.setPage(Integer.valueOf(page));//第几页
		}
	}

	public PageBean() {
		super();
	}

	public String getUrl() {
		return url;
	}

	public void setUrl(String url) {
		this.url = url;
	}

	public Map<String, String[]> getParamMap() {
		return paramMap;
	}

	public void setParamMap(Map<String, String[]> paramMap) {
		this.paramMap = paramMap;
	}

	public int getPage() {
		return page;
	}

	public void setPage(int page) {
		this.page = page;
	}

	public int getRows() {
		return rows;
	}

	public void setRows(int rows) {
		this.rows = rows;
	}

	public int getTotal() {
		return total;
	}

	public void setTotal(int total) {
		this.total = total;
	}

	public void setTotal(String total) {
		this.total = Integer.parseInt(total);
	}

	public boolean isPagination() {
		return pagination;
	}

	public void setPagination(boolean pagination) {
		this.pagination = pagination;
	}

	/**
	 * 获得起始记录的下标
	 * @return
	 */
	public int getStartIndex() {
		return (this.page - 1) * this.rows;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "PageBean [page=" + page + ", rows=" + rows + ", total=" + total + ", pagination=" + pagination + "]";
	}

	/**
	 * 获取到总页数
	 * @return
	 */
	public int getMaxPage() {
		return this.total % this.rows == 0 ? this.total / this.rows : (this.total / this.rows) + 1;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获取下一页页码
	 * @return
	 */
	public int getNextPage() {
		return this.page < this.getMaxPage() ? this.page+1 : this.page;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获取上一页页码
	 * @return
	 */
	public int getPreviousPage() {
		return this.page > 1 ? this.page-1 : this.page;
	}
}

z.tld

<!DOCTYPE taglib
  PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD JSP Tag Library 1.2//EN"
   "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-jsptaglibrary_1_2.dtd">
<!-- 标签库描述符 -->
<taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/JSP/TagLibraryDescriptor">
	<tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version>
	<jsp-version>1.2</jsp-version>
	<short-name>Simple Tags</short-name>
	<uri>/zking</uri>
	
	
	<tag>
		<name>page</name>
		<tag-class>com.lst.crud.tag.PageTag</tag-class>
		<body-content>empty</body-content>
		<attribute>
			<name>pageBean</name>
			<required>true</required>
			<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
		</attribute>
	</tag>
	
</taglib>

web.xml

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
	version="3.1">
	<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

	<!-- 配置filter(EncodingFiter) -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>encodingFiter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>com.lst.crud.util.EncodingFiter</filter-class>
	</filter>

	<!-- 映射filter(EncodingFiter) -->
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>encodingFiter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

	<filter>
		<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>

	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

</web-app>

三、dao层去访问数据

先写个实体类
Clazz

package com.lst.crud.entity;

public class Clazz {
	private int cid;
	private String cname;
	private String cteacher;
	public int getCid() {
		return cid;
	}
	public void setCid(int cid) {
		this.cid = cid;
	}
	public String getCname() {
		return cname;
	}
	public void setCname(String cname) {
		this.cname = cname;
	}
	public String getCteacher() {
		return cteacher;
	}
	public Clazz() {
		super();
	}
	public Clazz(int cid, String cname, String cteacher) {
		super();
		this.cid = cid;
		this.cname = cname;
		this.cteacher = cteacher;
	}
	public void setCteacher(String cteacher) {
		this.cteacher = cteacher;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Clazz [cid=" + cid + ", cname=" + cname + ", cteacher=" + cteacher + "]";
	}
	
}

现在编写dao方法（要继承BaseDao）
ClazzDao

package com.lst.crud.dao;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

import com.lst.crud.entity.Clazz;
import com.lst.crud.util.BaseDao;
import com.lst.crud.util.PageBean;
import com.lst.crud.util.StringUtils;

public class ClazzDao extends BaseDao<Clazz> {
	
	/**
	 * 查询分页方法，查询单条数据公用的方法
	 * @param clz
	 * @param pageBean
	 * @return
	 * @throws InstantiationException
	 * @throws IllegalAccessException
	 * @throws SQLException
	 */
	public List<Clazz> list(Clazz clz,PageBean pageBean) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException{
		String sql = "select * from t_struts_class where true";
		String cname = clz.getCname();
		int cid = clz.getCid();
		if(cid!=0) {
			sql += " and cid ="+cid;
		}
		if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(cname)) {
			sql += " and cname like '%"+cname+"%'";
		}
		return super.executeQuery(sql, Clazz.class, pageBean);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 新增方法
	 * @param clz
	 * @return
	 * @throws NoSuchFieldException
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public int add(Clazz clz) throws NoSuchFieldException, Exception {
		String sql = "insert into t_struts_class values(?,?,?)";
		return super.executeUpdate(sql,new String[] {"cid","cname","cteacher"}, clz);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 修改方法
	 * @param clz
	 * @return
	 * @throws NoSuchFieldException
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public int edit(Clazz clz) throws NoSuchFieldException, Exception {
		String sql = "update t_struts_class set cname=?,cteacher=? where cid=?";
		return super.executeUpdate(sql,new String[] {"cname","cteacher","cid"}, clz);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 删除方法
	 * @param clz
	 * @return
	 * @throws NoSuchFieldException
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public int del(Clazz clz) throws NoSuchFieldException, Exception {
		String sql = "delete from t_struts_class where cid=?";
		return super.executeUpdate(sql,new String[] {"cid"}, clz);
	}
}

四、web层去调用dao层给前台返回数据

ClazzAction

package com.lst.crud.web;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

import com.lst.crud.dao.ClazzDao;
import com.lst.crud.entity.Clazz;
import com.lst.crud.util.PageBean;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;

public class ClazzAction extends BaseAction implements ModelDriven<Clazz> {
	private ClazzDao clzDao = new ClazzDao();
	private Clazz clz = new Clazz();

	/**
	 * 查询所有
	 * @return
	 */
	public String list() {
		PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
		pageBean.setRequest(request);
		try {
			List<Clazz> list = this.clzDao.list(clz, pageBean);
			// this.result = this.clzDao.list(clz, pageBean);
			request.setAttribute("clzList", list);
			request.setAttribute("pageBean", pageBean);
		} catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return "list";
	}

	/**
	 * 跳转新增修改页面的通用方法
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public String preSave() {
		if(clz.getCid()!=0) {
			try {
				Clazz c = this.clzDao.list(clz, null).get(0);
				request.setAttribute("clz",c);
			} catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | SQLException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return "preSave";
	}
	
	/**
	 * 新增
	 * @return
	 */
	public String add() {
		try {
			result = this.clzDao.add(clz);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return "toList";
	}

	/**
	 * 修改
	 * @return
	 */
	public String edit() {
		try {
			this.clzDao.edit(clz);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return "toList";
	}
	
	/**
	 * 删除
	 * @return
	 */
	public String del() {
		try {
			this.clzDao.del(clz);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return "toList";
	}

	@Override
	public Clazz getModel() {
		return clz;
	}
}

五、在struts_sy.xml进行配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<!-- /user/bookAction?methodName=list
		/sy/bookAction?methodName=list
	 -->
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
		<action name="/demo_*" class="com.lst.web.HelloAction" method="{1}">
			<result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
		</action>
		
		<action name="/stack_*" class="com.lst.test.DemoAction" method="{1}">
			<result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
		</action>
		
		<action name="/clz_*" class="com.lst.crud.web.ClazzAction" method="{1}">
			<result name="list">/clzList.jsp</result>
			<result name="preSave">/clzEdit.jsp</result>
			<result name="toList" type="redirectAction" >/clz_list</result>
		</action>
		
	</package>
</struts>

Action链式处理的结果类型，也就是将结果转发到这个action中。
redirect：实际上dispatcher和redirect的区别就是在于转发和重定向的区别。
redirectAction：用于直接redirectaction。

六、写jsp

clzList.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
    <%@ taglib uri="/zking"  prefix="z" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>班级</h2>
	<br>
	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_list.action" method="post">
		<!-- <input type="hidden" name="rows" value="20"> -->
		<!-- <input type="hidden" name="pagination" value="false"> -->
		班级名：<input type="text" name="cname"> <input type="submit" value="确定">
	</form>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clzEdit.jsp">增加</a>
	<table border="1" width="100%">
		<tr>
			<td>编号</td>
			<td>班级名</td>
			<td>教员</td> 
			<td>操作</td>
		</tr>
		<c:forEach items="${clzList }" var="c">
			<tr>
				<td>${c.cid }</td>
				<td>${c.cname }</td>
				<td>${c.cteacher }</td>
				<td>
					<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_preSave.action?cid=${c.cid}">修改</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
					<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_del.action?cid=${c.cid}">删除</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
					<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_preUpload.action?cid=${c.cid}">图片上传</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				</td>
			</tr>
		</c:forEach>
	</table>
	
	<z:page pageBean="${pageBean }"></z:page>
	
</body>
</html>

clzEdit.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>修改</title>
</head>
<body>
新增页面与修改页面公用
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}${clz.cname == null ? '/sy/clz_add.action': '/sy/clz_edit.action' }" method="post">
	cid:<input type="text" name="cid" value="${clz.cid }" ><br>
	cname:<input type="text" name="cname" value="${clz.cname }" ><br>
	cteacher:<input type="text" name="cteacher" value="${clz.cteacher }" ><br>
	<input type="submit" >
</form>

</body>
</html>

效果展示：

增加和修改界面是共用的，它们是根据cname来判断的，如果cname有值，那么就是修改，否则就是增加。${clz.cname == null ? '/sy/clz_add.action': '/sy/clz_edit.action' }