【工具使用系列】TeX宏包之绘图宏包pgf/tikz

前言：美丽而富有表现力的文档通常需要美观且富有表现力的图形。 PGF及其前端TKZ在功耗，便携性和可用性之间划了一条细线，为图形提供了类似TeX的方法。

使用代码描述控制框图(block diagram)

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows}
\begin{document}


\tikzstyle{block} = [draw, fill=blue!20, rectangle, 
    minimum height=3em, minimum width=6em]
\tikzstyle{sum} = [draw, fill=blue!20, circle, node distance=1cm]
\tikzstyle{input} = [coordinate]
\tikzstyle{output} = [coordinate]
\tikzstyle{pinstyle} = [pin edge={to-,thin,black}]

% The block diagram code is probably more verbose than necessary
\begin{tikzpicture}[auto, node distance=2cm,>=latex']
    % We start by placing the blocks
    \node [input, name=input] {};
    \node [sum, right of=input] (sum) {};
    \node [block, right of=sum] (controller) {Controller};
    \node [block, right of=controller, pin={[pinstyle]above:Disturbances},
            node distance=3cm] (system) {System};
    % We draw an edge between the controller and system block to 
    % calculate the coordinate u. We need it to place the measurement block. 
    \draw [->] (controller) -- node[name=u] {$u$} (system);
    \node [output, right of=system] (output) {};
    \node [block, below of=u] (measurements) {Measurements};

    % Once the nodes are placed, connecting them is easy. 
    \draw [draw,->] (input) -- node {$r$} (sum);
    \draw [->] (sum) -- node {$e$} (controller);
    \draw [->] (system) -- node [name=y] {$y$}(output);
    \draw [->] (y) |- (measurements);
    \draw [->] (measurements) -| node[pos=0.99] {$-$} 
        node [near end] {$y_m$} (sum);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

将以上文本保存为control-system-principles.tex。

• 运行以下命令，可以生成pdf文档文件

pdflatex control-system-principles.tex

• 运行以下命令，可以生成eps打印文件

latex --jobname=control-system-principles control-system-principles.tex
dvips -o control-system-principles.eps control-system-principles.dvi

更多资料，请下载并阅读：

1. tikz精简入门手册
2. pgf手册大全