R 语言绘制均值条形图

条形图并不一定要基于计数数据或频率数据。你可以使用数据整合函数并将结果传递给
barplot()函数，来创建表示均值、中位数、标准差等的条形图。

> states <- data.frame(state.region, state.x77) 
> means <- aggregate(states$Illiteracy, by=list(state.region), FUN=mean) 
> means 
 Group.1 x 
1 Northeast 1.00 
2 South 1.74 
3 North Central 0.70 
4 West 1.02 
> means <- means[order(means$x),] 
> means 
 Group.1 x 
3 North Central 0.70 
1 Northeast 1.00 
4 West 1.02 
2 South 1.74 
> barplot(means$x, names.arg=means$Group.1)
> title("Mean Illiteracy Rate")

# 增加y边界的大小
par(mar=c(5,8,4,2)) 
# 旋转条形的标签
par(las=2)
counts <- table(Arthritis$Improved) 
# 缩小字体大小，让标签更合适
barplot(counts, 
 main="Treatment Outcome", 
 horiz=TRUE, 
 cex.names=0.8,
 names.arg=c("No Improvement", "Some Improvement", 
 "Marked Improvement"))