分频器的Verilog设计

分频器是指使输出频率为输入频率的M分之一的数字电路，其中M为整数。下面介绍的是常用的50%占空比的分频器及Verilog代码：

偶分频

偶分频是指分频系数M为偶数的分频器。
现以4分频为例，即M=4.

module divider_even 
#(parameter M = 4)(
input       clk,
input	    rstn,
output reg  clk_out
);
reg	[2:0]	count;
parameter	N = M/2;
always@(posedge clk or negedge rstn)begin
	if(!rstn)begin
		clk_out	<= 0;
		count	<= 3'b00;
	end
	else if(count == N-1)begin
		clk_out <= ~clk_out;
		count	<= count + 1;
	end
	else if(count == M-1)begin
		clk_out <= ~clk_out;
		count	<= 3'b000;
	end
	else begin 
		clk_out <= clk_out;
		count	<= count + 1;
	end
end
endmodule

仿真波形：

奇分频

奇分频是指分频系数M为奇数，代码如下：

• 单个计数器

module divider_odd 
#(parameter M = 5)(
input       clk,
input       rstn,
input       clk_out
);
reg     [2:0]   count;
reg             clk_1;
reg             clk_2;
parameter       N = (M-1)/2;
always@(posedge clk or negedge rstn)begin
    if(!rstn)
        count   <= 0;
    else if(count == (M-1))
        count   <= 0;
    else 
        count   <= count +1;
end
always@(posedge clk or negedge rstn)begin
    if(!rstn)
        clk_1   <= 0;
    else if(count == N-1)
        clk_1   <= ~clk_1;
    else if(count == M-1)
        clk_1   <= ~clk_1;
end
always@(negedge clk or negedge rstn)begin
    if(!rstn)
        clk_2   <= 0;
    else if(count == N-1)
        clk_2   <= ~clk_2;
    else if(count == M-1)
        clk_2   <= ~clk_2;
end
assign  clk_out = clk_1 & clk_2;
endmodule 

仿真波形

• 两个计数器

module divider_odd2
#(parameter M =5)(
input       clk,
input       rstnn,
output      clk_out
);
reg [2:0]   cont_1;
reg [2:0]   cont_2;
reg         clk_1;
reg         clk_2;

parameter N =   (M-1)/2;

 

always @ (posedge clk or negedge rstn)begin
    if(!rstn)     
            cont_1 <= 0;
       else  if(cont_1==M-1)
            cont_1 <=0;
       else 
            cont_1 <= cont_1 + 1;
end

always @ (posedge clk or negedge rstn)begin
    if(!rstn) 
            clk_1 <= 0;
    else if(cont_1==N)
               clk_1 <= ~clk_1;
       else if(cont_1==M-1)
               clk_1 <= ~clk_1;
end

always @ (negedge clk or negedge rstn)begin
    if(!rstn)     
            cont_2 <= 0;

       else  if(cont_2==M-1)    
            cont_2 <=0;
       else 
            cont_2 <= cont_2 + 1;
end

 

always@(negedge clk or negedge rstn)begin
    if(!rstn) 
            clk_2 <= 0;
    else if(cont_2==N)
            clk_2 <= ~clk_2;
       else if(cont_2==M-1)
            clk_2 <= ~clk_2;
end

assign clk_out = clk_1 | clk_2;
endmodule

仿真波形