instanceof和类型转换

instanceof

代码展示：

public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //Object > String
        //Object > Person > Teacher		//Teacher 和 Student 都继承了Person
        //Object > Person > Student
        Object object = new Student();

        //System.out.println(X instanceof Y);//能不能编译通过！

        System.out.println(object instanceof Student);//true
        System.out.println(object instanceof Person);//true
        System.out.println(object instanceof Object);//true
        System.out.println(object instanceof Teacher);//false
        System.out.println(object instanceof String);//false
        System.out.println("=================================");
        Person person = new Student();
        System.out.println(person instanceof Student);//true
        System.out.println(person instanceof Person);//true
        System.out.println(person instanceof Object);//true
        System.out.println(person instanceof Teacher);//false
        //System.out.println(person instanceof String);//编译报错！
        System.out.println("=================================");
        Student student = new Student();
        System.out.println(student instanceof Student);//true
        System.out.println(student instanceof Person);//true
        System.out.println(student instanceof Object);//true
        //System.out.println(student instanceof Teacher);//编译报错！
        //System.out.println(student instanceof String);//编译报错！
    }
}

类型转换

代码演示：

• 高转低

//Student继承了Person
public static void main(String[] args) {
     //类型之间的转化：父 子

     //高                    低
     Person obj = new Student();

     //student将这个对象转换为Student类型，我们就可以使用Student类型的方法了！

     //高转低强转
     Student student = (Student) obj;
     student.go();
     //((Student)obj).go();
 }

• 低转高

public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //类型之间的转化：父 子

        //子类转化为父类，可能丢失自己的本来的一些方法！
        Student student = new Student();
        student.go();
        Person person = student;
        //person.go();//会报错！

    }
}

1. 父类引用指向子类的对象
2. 把子类转换为父类，向上转型
3. 把父类转换为子类，向下转型：强制转换
4. 方便方法的调用，减少重复的代码