1.创建一个新的maven项目取名为SpringMVDemo01
2.在pom.xml中添加依赖,但一定要更新依赖否则不起作用。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>net.hw.spring</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringMVCDemo01</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<!-- spring.version -->
<spring.version>5.3.4</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--Spring核心-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring Bean-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring容器-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring Web-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring MVC-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--JSP标准标签库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Servlet -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!--日志框架-->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!--单元测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3.给项目添加相关的依赖
4.创建3个页面
4.1在WEB-INF包中创建一个子目录views,在里面创建一个登录页面-login.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>用户登录</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" >
</head>
<body>
<h3 style="text-align: center">用户登录</h3>
<form id="frmLogin" action="login" method="post">
<table class="tb" border="1" cellpadding="10" style="margin: 0px auto">
<tr>
<td align="center">账号</td>
<td><input id="username" type="text" name="username"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">密码</td>
<td><input id="password" type="password" name="password"/></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td colspan="2">
<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
<input type="reset" value="重置"/>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
4.2登录成功界面-success.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>登录成功</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>${username},登录成功!</h1>
</body>
</html>
4.3登录失败页面-failure.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>登录失败</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>${username},登录失败!</h1>
</body>
</html>
5.在java包中创建一个net.jyq.controller包并在包中创建LoginController类
//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by FernFlower decompiler)
//
package net.jyq.spring.controller.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
@Controller
public class LoginController {
public LoginController() {
}
@RequestMapping({"/login"})
public String login(@RequestParam("username") String username, @RequestParam("password") String password, HttpSession session) {
session.setAttribute("username", username);
return username.equals("admin") && password.equals("12345") ? "success" : "failure";
}
}
6.创建spring配置文件-spring-config.xml
在resources创建mvc目录,在子目录中创建spring-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--组件扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="net.hw.spring.controller" />
</beans>
7.在resources/mvc中创建spring-mvc-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--采用注解驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--扫描控制器-->
<context:component-scan base-package="net.jyq.spring.controller"/>
<!--定义内部资源视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index"/>
<mvc:view-controller path="/toLogin" view-name="login"/>
<!--处理静态资源的请求-->
<mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/WEB-INF/images/"/>
<mvc:resources mapping="/CSS/**" location="/WEB-INF/CSS/"/>
<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/WEB-INF/js/"/>
</beans>
8.在web.xml中加载spring配置文件与spring MVC配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--Spring容器加载监听器,让Spring随着Web项目启动而初始化-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--指定Spring配置文件位置容器参数-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:mvc/spring-config.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--配置Spring前段控制器,加载Spring MVC配置文件-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:mvc/spring-mvc-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern> <!--“/”表明拦截一切请求-->
</servlet-mapping>
<!--设置字符编码过滤器-->
<filter>
<filter-name>Character Encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>Character Encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
mvc一定要选用对的,不然服务器找不到。
9.配置Tomcat服务器
单击红色方框
选择+,找到Tomcat选择local服务器
10.启动Tomcat服务器
启动失败,因为输出目录没有项目运行.在file中找到project structure 在设置界面中按照顺序,新建一个新的lib包把SpringDVDemo01文件的依赖导入进去,最后按ok。
如果服务器运行不出来,把红色框中的文件名字删除,就可以运行了。
运行结果
11.修改服务器登录控制器- LoginController
11.1首页添加登录链接,可跳转在index.jsp添加
修改登录控制器-LoginController
运行结果
12.使用Spring MVC配置文件实现快捷页面跳转
13.添加静态资源
13.1在WEB-INF里创建images目录,在images中添加一张图片
在index.jsp中添加
启动服务器无法查看图片,因为在静态资源采用虚拟路径
在修改Spring MVC配置文件,单独处理静态资源
mapping使用虚拟路径,location使用真实路径。
运行服务器
图片显示不出来,修改jdk版本号就可以运行出来了。
14.请求服务器返回字符串
1.创建获取字符串控制器 - GetStringController
package net.jyq.spring.controller.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class GetStringController {
@RequestMapping(value="/getString",produces = "text/html;charset=utf-8")
@ResponseBody
public String getString(){
return "<h1>spring MVC 真有意思</h1>";
}
}
启动服务器中文字符无法@RequestMapping中设置charset为utf-8
想要得到的字符串字号变大@RequestMapping设置produces=“text/html”在字符串中加入html语言,便可以识别。
运行结果
15.请求请求服务器端返回的JSON数据
15.创建用户实体类
package net.jyq.spring.controller.bean;
import java.util.Date;
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String telephone;
private Date registerTime;
private int popedom;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getTelephone() {
return telephone;
}
public void setTelephone(String telephone) {
this.telephone = telephone;
}
public Date getRegisterTime() {
return registerTime;
}
public void setRegisterTime(Date registerTime) {
this.registerTime = registerTime;
}
public int getPopedom() {
return popedom;
}
public void setPopedom(int popedom) {
this.popedom = popedom;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", telephone='" + telephone + '\'' +
", registerTime=" + registerTime +
", popedom=" + popedom +
'}';
}
}
15.2创建获取JSON控制器 - GetJsonController
package net.jyq.spring.controller.controller;
import net.jyq.spring.controller.bean.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import java.util.Date;
@Controller
public class GetJsonController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/getJson",produces = "application/json; charset=utf-8")
@ResponseBody
public void getJson() {
User user = new User();
user.setId(1);
user.setPassword("123456");
user.setUsername("king");
user.setTelephone("123456789");
user.setRegisterTime(new Date());
user.setPopedom(1);
}
}
在pom.xml文件中添加json依赖前面就一起添加了就不用添加了。
运行服务器错误,需要将项目结构中的依赖全部添加到输出目录lib中
16.请求服务器端返回的xml数据
16.1创建GetXmlController类
package net.jyq.spring.controller.controller;
import net.jyq.spring.controller.bean.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
public class GetXmlController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/getXml", produces = "application/xml; charset=utf-8")
public @ResponseBody
List<User> getXml() {
List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
User user = new User();
user.setId(1);
user.setUsername("萌萌哒");
user.setPassword("12345");
user.setTelephone("15889895678");
user.setRegisterTime(new Date());
user.setPopedom(1);
users.add(user);
user = new User();
user.setId(2);
user.setUsername("李文霞");
user.setPassword("45678");
user.setTelephone("13978783456");
user.setRegisterTime(new Date());
user.setPopedom(1);
users.add(user);
user = new User();
user.setId(3);
user.setUsername("郑智化");
user.setPassword("88888");
user.setTelephone("15890903456");
user.setRegisterTime(new Date());
user.setPopedom(1);
users.add(user);
return users;
}
}
16.2添加xml依赖,并将依赖添加lib包中。
运行结果出错,网上查找未能解决问题。试着使用其他电脑运行。