Linux 网络编程 —— socket 网络编程

1. socket 服务器与客户端开发步骤

2. TCP 服务器与客户端编程

2.1 代码示例 server.c

#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int s_fd;
	int c_fd;
	int n_read;
	int iRet;
	char readBuf[128];

	int mark = 0;
	char msg[128] = {0};
	struct sockaddr_in s_addr;
	struct sockaddr_in c_addr;

	if (argc != 3)
	{
		printf("param is not good\n");
		exit(-1);
	}

	memset(&s_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	memset(&c_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));

	// 1. socket
	s_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (s_fd == -1)
	{
		perror("socket");
		exit(-1);
	}

	// 2. bind   配置 struct sockaddr_in 结构体，绑定时再转换成 struct sockaddr * 结构体类型
	s_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	s_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
	inet_aton(argv[1], &s_addr.sin_addr);

	iRet = bind(s_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&s_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	if (iRet == -1)
	{
		perror("bind");
		exit(-1);
	}

	// 3. listen
	iRet = listen(s_fd, 10);
	if (iRet == -1)
	{
		perror("listen");
		exit(-1);
	}

	// 4. accept
	int clen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
	while (1)
	{
		c_fd = accept(s_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&c_addr, &clen);
		if (c_fd == -1)
		{
			perror("accept");
			exit(-1);
		}
		mark++;
		printf("get connect: %s\n", inet_ntoa(c_addr.sin_addr));

		// 接收到 connect 后用子进程处理
		if (fork() == 0)
		{
			sprintf(msg, "welcom No.%d client", mark); // 字符串拼接
			write(c_fd, msg, strlen(msg));

			// 不断的读取客户端发送到 c_fd 的内容
			while (1)
			{
				memset(readBuf, 0, sizeof(readBuf));
				n_read = read(c_fd, readBuf, 128);
				if (n_read == -1)
				{
					perror("read");
				}
				else if (n_read > 0)
				{
					printf("\nget command: %s \n", readBuf);
				}
				else
				{
					printf("client quit\n");
					break;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

2.2 代码示例 client.c

#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int c_fd;
	int n_read;
	char readBuf[128];
	int tmp;
	char msg[128] = {0};
	struct sockaddr_in c_addr;

	memset(&c_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));

	if (argc != 3)
	{
		printf("param is not good\n");
		exit(-1);
	}

	// 1. socket   配置 struct sockaddr_in 结构体，连接时再转换成 struct sockaddr * 结构体类型
	c_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (c_fd == -1)
	{
		perror("socket");
		exit(-1);
	}

	// 2.connect
	c_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	c_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
	inet_aton(argv[1], &c_addr.sin_addr);

	if (connect(c_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&c_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1)
	{
		perror("connect");
		exit(-1);
	}

	// 连接成功
	memset(readBuf, 0, sizeof(readBuf));
	n_read = read(c_fd, readBuf, 128);
	if (n_read == -1)
	{
		perror("read");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("\nget:%s\n", readBuf);
	}

	// 不断的接收终端的命令发送至 c_fd
	while (1)
	{
		memset(msg, 0, sizeof(msg));
		printf("input: ");
		gets(msg);
		write(c_fd, msg, strlen(msg));
	}
	return 0;
}

2.3 程序运行结果

 实现服务器连接多客户端并通信。