Java Graphics2D绘制验证码

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-30 11:32:38 发布

伍Wu哈Ha

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-30 11:32:38 发布

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分类专栏： jsp 文章标签：验证码 java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Peng_Hong_fu/article/details/69663326

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这里写图片描述

显示界面

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
    function hyz(){
        var img = document.getElementById("myimg");
        //需要给出一个参数，避免浏览器缓存请求
        img.src= "<%=request.getContextPath() %>/VerifyCodeServlet?"+new Date().getTime();
        }
</script>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/TestVerifyCodeServlet" method="post">
        验证码:<input type="text" name="verifyCode"/><br>
        <a href="javascript:hyz()"><img id="myimg" src="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/VerifyCodeServlet"></a><br>
        <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

请求验证码所需servlet

VerifyCodeServlet.java

//package com.jxust.servlet;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.jxust.utils.VerifyCode;

@WebServlet("/VerifyCodeServlet")
public class VerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        VerifyCode vc = new VerifyCode();
        BufferedImage image = vc.getImage();//获取一次性验证码图片
        // 该方法必须在getImage()方法之后来调用
        System.out.println("验证码图片上的文本:"+vc.getText());//获取图片上的文本
        VerifyCode.output(image, response.getOutputStream());//把图片写到指定流中

        // 把文本保存到session中，为验证做准备
        request.getSession().setAttribute("vCode", vc.getText());
    }
}

绘制4位图片验证码

VerifyCode.java

//package com.jxust.utils;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

public class VerifyCode {
    private int w = 70;
    private int h = 35;
    private Random r = new Random();
    // {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "华文新魏", "华文隶书", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"}
    private String[] fontNames  = {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"};
    private String codes  = "23456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
    private Color bgColor  = new Color(255, 255, 255);
    private String text ;

    private Color randomColor () {
        int red = r.nextInt(150);
        int green = r.nextInt(150);
        int blue = r.nextInt(150);
        return new Color(red, green, blue);
    }

    private Font randomFont () {
        int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
        String fontName = fontNames[index];
        int style = r.nextInt(4);
        int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24; 
        return new Font(fontName, style, size);//指定字体名称、样式和点大小，创建一个新 Font。
    }
    //画干扰的线条
    private void drawLine (BufferedImage image) {
        int num  = 3;//画三条
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
        for(int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
            int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
            int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
            int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
            int y2 = r.nextInt(h); 
            g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F)); 
            g2.setColor(Color.BLUE); 
            g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
        }
    }

    private char randomChar () {
        int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
        return codes.charAt(index);
    }

    private BufferedImage createImage () {
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); 
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics(); 
        g2.setColor(this.bgColor);
        g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
        return image;
    }

    public BufferedImage getImage () {
        BufferedImage image = createImage(); 
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        // 向图片中画4个字符
        for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)  {
            String s = randomChar() + ""; 
            sb.append(s); 
            float x = i * 1.0F * w / 4; 
            g2.setFont(randomFont()); 
            g2.setColor(randomColor()); 
            /**
             * 首字符的基线位于用户空间的 (x, h-5) 位置处
             * 原点在左上角,X轴递增的方向是从左向右;Y轴是从上到下
             * 在提供的坐标位于基线上最左边字符的情况下，可以从右到左呈现字形
             * h-5表示y轴方向,向上偏移了5
             */
            g2.drawString(s, x, h-5); 
        }
        this.text = sb.toString(); 
        drawLine(image); 
        return image;       
    }

    public String getText () {
        return text;
    }

    public static void output (BufferedImage image, OutputStream out) 
                throws IOException {
        ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
    }
}

测试验证码

TestVerifyCodeServlet.java

//package com.jxust.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/TestVerifyCodeServlet")
public class TestVerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //System.out.println(req.getHeader("Referer"));//获取来源URL
        //System.out.println(req.getRequestURL());//获取请求的URL

        String verifyCode =  req.getParameter("verifyCode");
        String vcode = (String) req.getSession().getAttribute("vCode");
        System.out.println(verifyCode.equalsIgnoreCase(vcode));//验证码是否输入正确

    }
}

这里写图片描述

绘制更多位的的验证码

这里通过绘制5位演示

VerifyCode2.java

//package com.jxust.utils;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

public class VerifyCode2 {
    private int w = 90;
    private int h = 35;
    private Random r = new Random();
    // {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "华文新魏", "华文隶书", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"}
    private String[] fontNames  = {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"};
    private String codes  = "23456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
    private Color bgColor  = new Color(255, 255, 255);
    private String text ;

    //随机的颜色
    private Color randomColor () {
        int red = r.nextInt(150);//随机数 0<=red<150
        int green = r.nextInt(150);
        int blue = r.nextInt(150);
        return new Color(red, green, blue);
    }

    private Font randomFont () {
        int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
        String fontName = fontNames[index];
        int style = r.nextInt(4);
        int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24; 
        return new Font(fontName, style, size);//指定字体名称、样式和点大小，创建一个新 Font。
    }
    //画干扰的线条
    private void drawLine (BufferedImage image) {
        int num  = 3;//画三条
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
        for(int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
            int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
            int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
            int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
            int y2 = r.nextInt(h); 
            g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F)); 
            g2.setColor(Color.BLUE); 
            g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
        }
    }

    private char randomChar () {
        int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
        return codes.charAt(index);
    }

    private BufferedImage createImage () {
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); 
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics(); 
        g2.setColor(this.bgColor);
        g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
        return image;
    }

    public BufferedImage getImage () {
        BufferedImage image = createImage(); 
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        // 向图片中画5个字符
        for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++)  {
            String s = randomChar() + ""; 
            sb.append(s); 
            float x = i * 1.0F * w / 5; 
            g2.setFont(randomFont()); 
            g2.setColor(randomColor()); 
            /**
             * 首字符的基线位于用户空间的 (x, h-5) 位置处
             * 原点在左上角,X轴递增的方向是从左向右;Y轴是从上到下
             * 在提供的坐标位于基线上最左边字符的情况下，可以从右到左呈现字形
             * h-5表示y轴方向,向上偏移了5
             */
            g2.drawString(s, x, h-5); 
        }
        this.text = sb.toString(); 
        drawLine(image); 
        return image;       
    }

    public String getText () {
        return text;
    }

    public static void output (BufferedImage image, OutputStream out) 
                throws IOException {
        ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
    }
}

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Java Graphics2D绘制验证码

Java Graphics2D绘制验证码显示界面index.jsp<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
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