VS Code中C/C++运行和调试配置

VS Code中C/C++运行和调试配置

Windows平台

c_cpp_properties.json 插件配置

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "_UNICODE"
            ],
            "windowsSdkVersion": "10.0.19041.0",
            "compilerPath": "D:/RedPanda-Cpp/MinGW64/bin/gcc.exe",
            "cStandard": "c17",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "windows-gcc-x64"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

launch.json 启动和调试

{
    // 使用 IntelliSense 了解相关属性。 
    // 悬停以查看现有属性的描述。
    // 欲了解更多信息，请访问: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "gcc.exe - 生成和调试活动文件",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${fileDirname}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": false,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "D:/RedPanda-Cpp/MinGW64/bin/gdb.exe",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                },
                {
                    "description": "将反汇编风格设置为 Intel",
                    "text": "-gdb-set disassembly-flavor intel",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "C/C++: gcc.exe 生成活动文件"
        }
    ]
}

tasks.json 编译任务

{
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "cppbuild",
            "label": "C/C++: gcc.exe 生成活动文件",
            "command": "D:/RedPanda-Cpp/MinGW64/bin/gcc.exe",
            "args": [
                "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
                // "-fexec-charset=GBK"  // 当launch.json中启用externalConsole时启用本行
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${fileDirname}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "detail": "调试器生成的任务。"
        }
    ],
    "version": "2.0.0"
}

自动生成的settings.json

{
    "files.associations": {
        "stdio.h": "c"
    }
}

MacOS平台

settings.json 使用Code Runner插件对工作区设置

{
    //  "editor.fontSize": 19,
        "window.zoomLevel": 0,
        "explorer.confirmDelete": false,
    // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Code Runner
    // To run code:
    //   use shortcut "Ctrl Opt N" *
    //   or press F1 and then select/type Run Code,
    //   or right click the Text Editor and then click Run Code in editor context menu
    //   or click Run Code button in editor title menu
    //   or click Run Code button in context menu of file explorer
    // To stop the running code:
    //   use shortcut "Ctrl Opt M" *
    //   or press F1 and then select/type Stop Code Run
    //   or right click the Output Channel and then click Stop Code Run in context menu
    "code-runner.executorMap": {
        // Introduction:
        //   Make sure the executor PATH of each language is set in the environment variable.
        //   You could also add entry into "code-runner.executorMap" to set the executor PATH.
        // Supported customized parameters:
        //   $workspaceRoot: The path of the folder opened in VS Code
        //   $dir: The directory of the code file being run
        //   $fullFileName: The full name of the code file being run
        //   $fileName: The base name of the code file being run, that is the file without the directory
        //   $fileNameWithoutExt: The base name of the code file being run without its extension
        /* ------ 编译、运行只有一个文件的cpp文件 ------ */
        // 注：路径中有空格不会出现问题
        "cpp": "g++ $fullFileName -o $dir\"$fileNameWithoutExt\"\".out\" -W -Wall -O2 -std=c++17 && $dir\"$fileNameWithoutExt\"\".out\"",
        // 其中 $fullFileName 是绝对路径，是主文件
        // 自己决定是否加入 && rm $dir\"$fileNameWithoutExt\"\".out\"（也可以添加"files.exclude"）
        /* ------ 编译、运行多个cpp文件 ------ */
        // "cpp": "g++ $fullFileName <file_to_link> -o $dir\"$fileNameWithoutExt\"\".out\" -W -Wall -O2 -std=c++17 && $dir\"$fileNameWithoutExt\"\".out\"",
        // <file_to_link>的写法：
        //   一般的，你也可以直接写绝对路径
        //     \"/path/xxxx.cpp\"
        //   如果你链接的cpp文件和主文件在一个目录下：
        //     $dir\"xxxx.cpp\"
        //   更一般的，如果你链接的cpp文件不和主文件在一个目录下，需要从当前VSCode的工作目录补充相对路径从而形成绝对路径：
        //     $workspaceRoot\"relative/path/xxxx.cpp\"
        /* ------ 编译c文件 ------ */
        "c": "gcc $fullFileName -o $dir\"$fileNameWithoutExt\"\".out\" -W -Wall -O2 -std=c17 && $dir\"$fileNameWithoutExt\"\".out\"",
        // "c": "gcc $fullFileName <file_to_link> -o $dir\"$fileNameWithoutExt\"\".out\" -W -Wall -O2 -std=c17 && $dir\"$fileNameWithoutExt\"\".out\"",
    },
    // Whether to clear previous output before each run (default is false):
    "code-runner.clearPreviousOutput": true,
    // Whether to save all files before running (default is false):
    "code-runner.saveAllFilesBeforeRun": false,
    // Whether to save the current file before running (default is false):
    "code-runner.saveFileBeforeRun": true,
    // Whether to show extra execution message like [Running] ... and [Done] ... (default is true):
    "code-runner.showExecutionMessage": true, // cannot see that message is you set "code-runner.runInTerminal" to true
    // Whether to run code in Integrated Terminal (only support to run whole file in Integrated Terminal, neither untitled file nor code snippet) (default is false):
    "code-runner.runInTerminal": true, // cannot input data when setting to false
    // Whether to preserve focus on code editor after code run is triggered (default is true, the code editor will keep focus; when it is false, Terminal or Output Channel will take focus):
    "code-runner.preserveFocus": false,
    // Whether to ignore selection to always run entire file. (Default is false)
    "code-runner.ignoreSelection": true,
    // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
}

launch.json 启动和调试

{
  // One of the key features of Visual Studio Code is its great debugging support.
  // VS Code's built-in debugger helps accelerate your edit, compile and debug loop.
  // VS Code keeps debugging configuration information in a launch.json file
  // located in a .vscode folder in your workspace (project root folder).
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      /* ------ these three options are mandatory ------ */
      // The type of debugger to use for this launch configuration.
      "type": "cppdbg", // C++ debug
      // The request type of this launch configuration. Currently, launch and attach are supported.
      //   If you come from a server or desktop background, 
      //   it's quite normal to have your editor launch your process for you, 
      //   and your editor automatically attaches its debugger to the newly launched process.
      //   A launch configuration starts your app in debug mode before VS Code attaches to it.
      // 大概意思是说，如果你开始debug的时候你的项目已经启起来了，那就attach（把debug的工具附加上去）
      // 如果你开始debug的时机和你启动项目的时机是相同的，那就launch
      "request": "launch", // debug的类型，launch表示启动，attach表示附加
      // The reader-friendly name to appear in the Debug launch configuration drop-down.
      "name": "C++ Debug", // 在VSCode侧边栏Run那里看到的名字（可以随便起）
      /* ------ some optional attributes available to all launch configurations ------ */
      // To launch a task before the start of a debug session, set this attribute to the label of a task specified in tasks.json.
      "preLaunchTask": "g++ compile", //在调试之前要进行的工作 compile是在 tasks.json 的编译任务里面的label
      /* ------ Many debuggers support some of the following attributes: ------ */
      // executable or file to run when launching the debugger
      // ！！不要在程序和代码的路径及文件名中出现空格！！否则无法调试（我尝试解决这个问题，但真的无法解决）
      "program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out", // debug的对象(-g编译出来的二进制文件)，需要和.vscode/tasks.json中生成的可执行文件一致
      // arguments passed to the program to debug
      "args": [], // 比如运行你的程序添加输入参数（argc/argv），需要在这里添加
      // Environment variables to add to the environment for the program
      "environment": [], // 放置环境变量
      // current working directory for finding dependencies and other files
      "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
      // break immediately when the program launches
      "stopAtEntry": false,
      // If true, a console is launched for the debuggee.
      // If false, on Linux and Windows, it will appear in the Integrated Console.
      "externalConsole": true,
      // 为true则会打开系统终端在其中进行交互
      // 如果为 true，则为调试对象启动控制台。如果为 false，它在 Linux 和 Windows 上会显示在集成控制台中
      // macOS不适用：https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/cpp/launch-json-reference#_externalconsole
      /* ------ Customizing GDB or LLDB ------ */
      // Indicates the debugger that VS Code will connect to. Must be set to gdb or lldb. 
      // 但是macOS只安装了llbd（有可能是安装命令行工具的时候安装的），那就用lldb吧
      "MIMode": "lldb"
    }
  ]
}

调试时选择C++ Debug即可

tasks.json 编译和链接任务

{
    // Tasks in VS Code can be configured to run scripts and start processes
    // so that many of these existing tools can be used from within VS Code 
    // without having to enter a command line or write new code.
    // Workspace or folder specific tasks are configured from the tasks.json file in the .vscode folder for a workspace.
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            // The task's label used in the user interface.
            // Terminal -> Run Task... 看到的名字
            "label": "g++ compile",
            // The task's type. For a custom task, this can either be shell or process.
            // If shell is specified, the command is interpreted as a shell command (for example: bash, cmd, or PowerShell).
            // If process is specified, the command is interpreted as a process to execute.
            "type": "shell", // shell: 输入命令
            // The actual command to execute.
            // 因为g++已经在环境变量中了，所以我们这里写命令就行不用写g++的绝对路径
            "command": "g++",
            "args": [
                "${file}", // 表示当前文件（绝对路径）
                // 在这里添加你还需要链接的.cpp文件
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out",
                "-W",
                "-Wall",
                "-g",
                "-std=c++17",
            ],
            // Defines to which execution group this task belongs to.
            // It supports "build" to add it to the build group and "test" to add it to the test group.
            // Tasks that belong to the build/test group can be executed by running Run Build/Test Task from the Command Palette (sft cmd P).
            // Valid values:
            //   "build",
            //   {"kind":"build","isDefault":true}, 
            //   "test",
            //   {"kind":"test","isDefault":true}, 
            //   "none".
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true, // Defines if this task is the default task in the group.
            },
            // Configures the panel that is used to present the task's output and reads its input.
            "presentation": {
                // Controls whether the executed command is echoed to the panel. Default is true.
                "echo": true, // 打开可以看到编译的命令，把命令本身输出一次
                // Controls whether the terminal running the task is revealed or not. Default is "always".
                //   always: Always reveals the terminal when this task is executed.
                //   silent: Only reveals the terminal if the task exits with an error or the problem matcher finds an error.(会显示错误，但不会显示警告)
                //   never: Never reveals the terminal when this task is executed.
                "reveal": "silent", // 控制在集成终端中是否显示。如果没问题那我不希望终端被切换、如果有问题我希望能看到编译过程哪里出错，所以选silent(可能always会好一些)
                // Controls whether the panel takes focus. Default is false.
                "focus": false, // 我的理解是：是否将鼠标移过去。因为这个是编译任务，我们不需要输入什么东西，所以选false
                // Controls if the panel is shared between tasks, dedicated to this task or a new one is created on every run.
                "panel": "shared", // shared:不同任务的输出使用同一个终端panel（为了少生成几个panel我们选shared）
                // Controls whether to show the `Terminal will be reused by tasks, press any key to close it` message.
                "showReuseMessage": true, // 就一句话，你想看就true，不想看就false
                // Controls whether the terminal is cleared before executing the task.
                "clear": false, // 还是保留之前的task输出信息比较好。所以不清理
            },
            // Other two choices: options & runOptions (cmd I to use IntelliSense)
            "options": {
                // The current working directory of the executed program or script. If omitted Code's current workspace root is used.
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}", // 默认就是这个，删掉也没问题
            },
            // problemMatcher: 用正则表达式提取g++的输出中的错误信息并将其显示到VS Code下方的Problems窗口
            // check: https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/editor/tasks#_defining-a-problem-matcher
            "problemMatcher": {
                "owner": "cpp",
                "fileLocation": "absolute",
                "pattern": {
                    "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",
                    "file": 1,
                    "line": 2,
                    "column": 3,
                    "severity": 4,
                    "message": 5,
                },
            },
            // 官网教程 https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/cpp/config-clang-mac#_build-helloworldcpp 
            // 提到了另一种problemMatcher，但试了之后好像不起作用，甚至还把我原本的电脑搞出了一些问题……
        },
        {
            "label": "Open Terminal.app",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "osascript -e 'tell application \"Terminal\"\ndo script \"echo now VS Code is able to open Terminal.app\"\nend tell'",
            "problemMatcher": [],
            "group": "none",
        }
    ]
}