Hibernate学习之路(9) JPA实例

一：首先导入JPA依赖的jar文件

二：JPA的配置文件
JPA规范要求在类路径的META-INF目录下放置persistence.xml,文件的名称是固定的

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence 
   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd"
   version="2.0">
   <!-- 配置持久化单元 ,可以配置多个,但是名称不能重复
        name:用于指定持久化单元名称
        transaction-type:指定事务类型
   -->

   <persistence-unit name="myJPAUnit" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <!-- 注意在5.3.1版本中,provider为org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider
            而不是org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence
         -->
        <!--<provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>-->
        <provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider>
        <!-- 指定JPA注解的实体类位置 -->
            <class>entity.Customer</class>
        <!-- 连接数据库的配置,其实就是hibernate.cfg.xml的内容 -->
            <properties>
                <!-- 第一部分:连接数据库的信息 -->
                <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
                <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate?characterEncoding=UTF-8 "></property>
                <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root"></property>
                <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="123456"></property>
                <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect"></property>
                <!-- 可选配置 -->
                    <!-- 显示sql语句 -->
                <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"></property>
                    <!-- 格式化输出sql语句 -->
                <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true"></property>
                    <!-- 采用哪种方式生成DDL语句 
                        update:表示检查实体类的映射配置和数据库的表结构是否一致,如果不一致,更新表结构
                    -->
                <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"></property>
            </properties>

   </persistence-unit>

   </persistence>

三 ,

 @Test
    public void test01(){
    Customer customer = new Customer();
    customer.setCustName("JPA");
    //获取EntityManager对象
    EntityManager em = JPAUtil.createEntityManager();
    //开启EntityTransaction事务
    EntityTransaction etx = em.getTransaction();
    etx.begin();
    //保存操作
    em.persist(customer);
    /*
     * 增加:
     *  em.persist(customer);
     * 查找:
     *  em.find(Customer.class, 1);
     * 更新:
     *  em.merge(customer);
     * 删除
     *  em.remove(customer);
     * 
     */
    //提交事务
    etx.commit();
    em.close();
    }

 @Test
    public void test02(){
    Customer customer = new Customer();
    customer.setCustName("JPA");
    //获取EntityManager对象
    EntityManager em = JPAUtil.createEntityManager();
    //开启EntityTransaction事务
    EntityTransaction etx = em.getTransaction();
    etx.begin();
    Query query = em.createQuery("select c from Customer c");
    List<Customer> list = query.getResultList();
    for(Customer os:list){
        System.out.println(os);
    }

    //提交事务
    etx.commit();
    em.close();
    }