RIP协议手动配置小型园区网

本文是基于RIP协议搭建的一个小型园区网,仅供学习使用

一、基础拓朴图

这是上篇文章结束时的拓朴图,这次的配置也是基于这个拓扑进行配置的

 二、配置内网DNS和HTTP服务器

使用:两台服务器,一台HTTP服务器,一台DNS服务器

为DNS服务器和HTTP服务器分配ip和网关,并把这两个对应的核心交换机上的端口划分到vlan70域中

先创建一个vlan70域,并把两个端口划分到vlan70域中

Switch>en
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#vlan 70
Switch(config-vlan)#int f0/3
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 70
Switch(config-if)#int g0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 70

除去常规的为DNS和HTTP服务器配置IP和网关之外

这里需要在DNS服务器上为HTTP服务器只当一下ip地址和域名

并且打开DNS服务

在核心交换机上给vlan70一个网关地址

给完网关地址后查看一下路由表,多出了192.168.7.0/24这个网段就对了

Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#int vlan 70
Switch(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan70, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan70, changed state to up

Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.7.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown 
Switch(config-if)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

R    192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.5.1, 00:00:03, Vlan50
R    192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.5.1, 00:00:03, Vlan50
R    192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.6.1, 00:00:25, Vlan60
R    192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.6.1, 00:00:25, Vlan60
     192.168.5.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       192.168.5.0 is directly connected, Vlan50
     192.168.6.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       192.168.6.0 is directly connected, Vlan60
C    192.168.7.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan70

 配置一下rip协议,把刚配置的vlan70对应的192.168.7.0这个网段加入到rip协议中

Switch(config-if)#router rip
Switch(config-router)#version 2
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.7.0
Switch(config-router)#no auto-summary 

测试一下:PC0 ping一下HTTP服务器(192.168.7.100)

可以ping通,说明配置完成

之后要对域名进行解析还需要配置一下PC机的DNS地址,否则就算ip可达,域名也无法解析

 

三、配置外网网络

使用:两台2911路由器、一台HTTP服务器、一台PC机

1、添加两台路由器

添加两台2911路由器,并为其各添加一个HWIC-2T模块,使其多出两个串口以供使用

关闭电源——>选中模块——>将模块拖到图中所示位置——>打开电源

 

2、连线并进行基本配置

添加完模块之后按如图所示连线

接下来可以看到图中的连线的灯都是红的,说明线路不通

路由器的接口开关需要手动打开,类似下面这样

依次打开所有开关,线路就通了

按照如图所示为其各部分配置ip地址和网关等信息

首先是在核心交换机上为g0/2进行配置

Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#int g0/2
Switch(config-if)#no switchport 
Switch(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to up

Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.15.1 255.255.255.252
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown 

 第一个路由器的g0/0端口

Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.15.2 255.255.255.252
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 

 第一个路由器的s0/3/0端口

Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#int s0/3/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.16.2 255.255.255.252
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 

第二个路由器的s0/3/0端口

Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#int s0/3/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.16.1 255.255.255.252
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 

第二个路由器的g0/0端口

Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.167.100.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 

第二个路由器的g0/1端口

Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#int g0/1
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.169.100.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown 

3、路由器跳转配置

首先配置外网即右边那个路由器

配置走向内网的流量全部下一跳为192.168.16.2

内网的网段计算是20位子网掩码的192.168.0.0网段

此网段ip为(192.168.0.1-192.168.15.254,共4094个可用ip)

Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.240.0 192.168.16.2
Router(config)#do show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     192.167.100.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       192.167.100.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L       192.167.100.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
S    192.168.0.0/20 [1/0] via 192.168.16.2    //有了这个就说明配置成功了
     192.168.16.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       192.168.16.0/30 is directly connected, Serial0/3/0
L       192.168.16.1/32 is directly connected, Serial0/3/0
     192.169.100.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       192.169.100.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L       192.169.100.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1

配置内网路由器,即左边这个路由器

Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.16.1
Router(config)#do show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 192.168.16.1 to network 0.0.0.0

     192.168.15.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       192.168.15.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L       192.168.15.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
     192.168.16.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       192.168.16.0/30 is directly connected, Serial0/3/0
L       192.168.16.2/32 is directly connected, Serial0/3/0
S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.16.1    //出现这个就说明配置成功了

配置一下核心交换机的路由转发

Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.15.2
Switch(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 192.168.15.2 to network 0.0.0.0

R    192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.5.1, 00:00:20, Vlan50
R    192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.5.1, 00:00:20, Vlan50
R    192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.6.1, 00:00:03, Vlan60
R    192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.6.1, 00:00:03, Vlan60
     192.168.5.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       192.168.5.0 is directly connected, Vlan50
     192.168.6.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       192.168.6.0 is directly connected, Vlan60
C    192.168.7.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan70
     192.168.15.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       192.168.15.0 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2
S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.15.2    //出现这个就代表配置成功了

除去这三个之外,还要配置一下下面两个三层交换机

Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.15.2
Switch(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 192.168.15.2 to network 0.0.0.0

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan10
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan20
R    192.168.3.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.5.2, 00:00:27, Vlan50
R    192.168.4.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.5.2, 00:00:27, Vlan50
     192.168.5.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       192.168.5.0 is directly connected, Vlan50
     192.168.6.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       192.168.6.0 [120/1] via 192.168.5.2, 00:00:27, Vlan50
R    192.168.7.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.5.2, 00:00:27, Vlan50
     192.168.15.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       192.168.15.0 [120/1] via 192.168.5.2, 00:00:27, Vlan50
     192.168.16.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       192.168.16.0 [120/2] via 192.168.5.2, 00:00:27, Vlan50
S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.15.2    //出现这个就是配置成功了

4、RIP协议配置

配置核心交换机的RIP协议

添加两个网段(内网和外网)

Switch#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 192.168.15.2 to network 0.0.0.0

R    192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.5.1, 00:00:24, Vlan50
R    192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.5.1, 00:00:24, Vlan50
R    192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.6.1, 00:00:04, Vlan60
R    192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.6.1, 00:00:04, Vlan60
     192.168.5.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       192.168.5.0 is directly connected, Vlan50
     192.168.6.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       192.168.6.0 is directly connected, Vlan60
C    192.168.7.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan70
     192.168.15.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       192.168.15.0 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/2
     192.168.16.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       192.168.16.0 [120/1] via 192.168.15.2, 00:00:45, GigabitEthernet0/2
S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.15.2

Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#router rip
Switch(config-router)#version 2
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.15.0
Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.16.0
Switch(config-router)#no auto-summary 

配置内网路由器的RIP协议

Router#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 192.168.16.1 to network 0.0.0.0

R    192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.15.1, 00:02:57, GigabitEthernet0/0
R    192.168.2.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.15.1, 00:02:57, GigabitEthernet0/0
R    192.168.3.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.15.1, 00:02:57, GigabitEthernet0/0
R    192.168.4.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.15.1, 00:02:57, GigabitEthernet0/0
     192.168.5.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       192.168.5.0/30 [120/1] via 192.168.15.1, 00:02:57, GigabitEthernet0/0
     192.168.6.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       192.168.6.0/30 [120/1] via 192.168.15.1, 00:02:57, GigabitEthernet0/0
R    192.168.7.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.15.1, 00:02:57, GigabitEthernet0/0
     192.168.15.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       192.168.15.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L       192.168.15.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
     192.168.16.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       192.168.16.0/30 is directly connected, Serial0/3/0
L       192.168.16.2/32 is directly connected, Serial0/3/0
S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.16.1

Router#
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#version 2
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.15.0
Router(config-router)#network 192.168.16.0
Router(config-router)#no auto-summary 

外网路由器是不需要配置RIP协议的

这时,内外网所有ip都是互通的了

5、添加外网服务器DNS解析

在DNS服务器上再添加一条DNS解析信息

四、验证整体网络的连通性 

1、外网互相访问

2、内网互相访问

 

3、内外网互相访问

五、最终拓扑图

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