Android Studio小笔记(7) - Fragment 碎片

动态更好fragment：

1. MainActivity

package com.example.fragmenttest;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentTransaction;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);//button必须先具现出来，否则会返回null
        button.setOnClickListener(this);
        replaceFragment(new FragmentRight());
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()){
            case R.id.button:
                replaceFragment(new AnotherFragment());
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }

    }
    //更换fragment
    private void replaceFragment(Fragment fragment){
        //获取所在fragment 的父容器的管理器
        FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
        //获取操作事务的对象，所谓的事务，就是可以一次性添加多个操作。比如Fragment使用方法中的add，replace，remove，remove，add可以组成是一个事务。
        FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        fragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.fragment_layout, fragment);
        fragmentTransaction.addToBackStack(null); //按返回键后,不会退出屏幕且显示之前的fragment
        fragmentTransaction.commit();
    }
}

2. Activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/fragment_left"
        <--com.example.fragmenttest.FragmentLeft 必须包含这个类的完整路径-->
        android:name="com.example.fragmenttest.FragmentLeft"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1" />

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/fragment_layout"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1">
    </FrameLayout>


</LinearLayout>

3. FragmentLeft.class

package com.example.fragmenttest;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

public class FragmentLeft extends Fragment {
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState){
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_left, container, false);
        return view;
    }
}

4. fragement_left.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">


    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:text="button"/>

</LinearLayout>