LAMP环境搭建--学习笔记

我的linux为CentOS6.5。

一、前期准备

1、将所需安装包以及依赖库文件下载到/usr/local/src目录下，所有文件如下所示。

[root@localhost src]# ls

autoconf-2.61.tar.gz   gd-2.0.35.tar.gz    jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz      libpng-1.2.31.tar.gz   mysql-5.0.41.tar.gz  phpMyAdmin-3.0.0-rc1-all-languages.tar.gz      zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz

freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz  httpd-2.2.9.tar.gz  libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz  libxml2-2.6.30.tar.gz  php-5.2.6.tar.gz     ZendOptimizer-3.2.6-linux-glibc21-i386.tar.gz

 

2、安装libxml2

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf libxml2-2.6.30.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# cd libxml2-2.6.30

[root@localhost libxml2-2.6.30]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2

[root@localhost libxml2-2.6.30]# make && make install

 

3、安装libmcrypt

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8

[root@localhost libmcrypt-2.5.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt

[root@localhost libmcrypt-2.5.8]# make && make install

 

4、安装zlib

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# cd zlib-1.2.3

[root@localhost zlib-1.2.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib

[root@localhost zlib-1.2.3]# make && make install

 

5、安装libpng

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf libpng-1.2.31.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# cd libpng-1.2.31

[root@localhost libpng-1.2.31]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libpng

[root@localhost libpng-1.2.31]# make && make install

 

6、安装jpeg6

[root@localhost src]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/bin

[root@localhost src]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/lib

[root@localhost src]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/include

[root@localhost src]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg6/man/man1

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# cd jpeg-6b/

[root@localhost jpeg-6b]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg6 --enable-shared --enable-statc

[root@localhost jpeg-6b]# make && make install

 

7、安装freetype

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz

[root@localhost freetype-2.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype

[root@localhost freetype-2.3.5]# make && make install

 

8、安装autoconf

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf autoconf-2.61.tar.gz

[root@localhost autoconf-2.61]# ./configure

[root@localhost autoconf-2.61]# make && make install

 

9、安装GD库

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# cd gd-2.0.35

[root@localhost gd-2.0.35]# ./configure \

> --prefix=/usr/local/gd2 \

> --with-zlib=/usr/local/zlib \

> --with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg6 \

> --with-png=/usr/local/libpng \

> --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype

[root@localhost gd-2.0.35]# make && make install

 

二、安装Apache

1、安装

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.9.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# cd httpd-2.2.9

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.9]# ./configure \

> --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 \

> --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd \

> --with-z=/usr/local/zlib \

> --with-included-apr \

> --enable-so \

> --enable-deflate=shared \

> --enable-expires=shared \

> --enable-rewrite=shared \

> --enable-static-support

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.9]# make && make install

 

2、查看Apache的HOME目录以及配置文件目录

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.9]# ls /usr/local/apache2/

bin  build  cgi-bin  error  htdocs  icons  include  lib  logs  man  manual  modules

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.9]# ls /etc/httpd/

conf  conf.d  extra  httpd.conf  logs  magic  mime.types  modules  original  run

 

3、启动Apache

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.9]# netstat –tnl

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.9]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

再次查看80端口状态

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.9]# netstat –tnl

 

如果80端口处于监听状态则在浏览器中访问localhost，出现如下所示界面为安装成功

4、设置开机自启动

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.9]# echo "/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start" >> /etc/rc.local

 

 

三、安装MySQL

1、为MySQL建立专门的用户和组来管理MySQL

[root@localhost src]# groupadd mysql

[root@localhost src]# useradd -g mysql mysql

 

2、安装

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.0.41.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# cd mysql-5.0.41

[root@localhost mysql-5.0.41]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charset=all

//本机configure时出错checking for termcap functions library... configure: error: No curses/termcap library found

// 解决方法[root@localhost mysql-5.0.41]# yum install ncurses-devel.i686

[root@localhost mysql-5.0.41]# make && make install

 

3、配置MySQL数据库

//复制配置模版文件

[root@localhost mysql-5.0.41]# cp ./support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

[root@localhost mysql-5.0.41]# cd /usr/local/mysql/

 

//初始化授权表

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

 

[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R root .

//确保var所有者为mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql var  

//改变当前目录下所有文件的所属组

[root@localhost mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .

 

4、测试MySQL

//MySQL默认端口为3306

[root@localhost mysql]# netstat –tnl

 

5、启动MySQL

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

 

[root@localhost mysql]# netstat –tnl

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqladmin version

 

6、进入MySQL客户端

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql

 

mysql> select * from mysql.user \G

 

//为了安全起见，删除非localhost用户，并加密码

mysql> delete from mysql.user where host != 'localhost'; 

//刷新授权表

mysql> flush privileges;

//设置密码

mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('123456');

 

exit

//此时只能本地登陆

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql -u root -h localhost –p

 

7、关闭MySQL

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown

 

8、设置开机自启动

[root@localhost mysql]# echo "/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &" >> /etc/rc.local

 

 

四、安装PHP

//PHP作为Apache的配置模块安装

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf php-5.2.6.tar.gz

[root@localhost php-5.2.6]#./configure \

> --prefix=/usr/local/php \

> --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \

> --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs \

> --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \

> --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2 \

> --with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng \

> --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg6 \

> --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype \

> --with-gd=/usr/local/gd2 \

> --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt \

> --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \

> --enable-soap \

> --enable-mbstring=all \

> --enable-sockets

 

[root@localhost php-5.2.6]# make && make install

 

 

五、LAMP环境整合

1、复制php配置模版文件

[root@localhost php-5.2.6]# cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

2、修改Apache配置文件httpd.conf

[root@localhost php-5.2.6]# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf

//添加这条，告诉Apache *.php或*.phtml文件用php模块解析

AddType application/x-httpd-php  .php  .phtml

 

//修改这条，指定目录索引

DirectoryIndex index.php index.html

 

3、重启Apache

[root@localhost php-5.2.6]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop

[root@localhost php-5.2.6]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

 

4、测试PHP模块

在/usr/local/apache2/htdocs中新建phpinfo.php文件。文件内容如下：

<?php

phpinfo();

?>

在浏览器中访问localhost/phpinfo.php

出现该页面为安装成功。

 

此后将项目上传到/usr/local/apache2/htdocs中即可。

 

为了提高PHP的运行速度可安装Zend加速器ZendOptimizer。为了方便管理数据库可以安装phpMyAdmin，phpMyAdmin为管理数据库的Web界面，可以远程管理数据库。