Ubuntu 16.04编译Octave-7.1.0

Ubuntu 16.04可以通过apt安装Octave 4.2.2，但是我的电脑上使用这个版本的Octave画图Figure经常显示不出来曲线，所以就萌生了自己编译Octave的想法，编译Octave可以参考Octave官网的编译Wiki。

安装依赖

参考Ubuntu Building Step，Ubuntu 16.04依赖懒人安装方法为：

sudo apt-get install gcc g++ gfortran make libopenblas-dev liblapack-dev libpcre3-dev libarpack2-dev libcurl4-gnutls-dev epstool libfftw3-dev transfig libfltk1.3-dev libfontconfig1-dev libfreetype6-dev libgl2ps-dev libglpk-dev libreadline-dev gnuplot-x11 libgraphicsmagick++1-dev libhdf5-serial-dev openjdk-8-jdk libsndfile1-dev llvm-dev lpr texinfo libgl1-mesa-dev libosmesa6-dev pstoedit portaudio19-dev libqhull-dev libqrupdate-dev libqscintilla2-dev libqt4-dev libqtcore4 libqtwebkit4 libqt4-network libqtgui4 libqt4-opengl-dev libsuitesparse-dev texlive libxft-dev zlib1g-dev autoconf automake bison flex gperf gzip icoutils librsvg2-bin libtool perl rsync tar

如果依赖安装有冲突问题，建议使用aptitude解决。

要想编译带GUI界面的Octave，还得安装QT，可以参考QT5安装。这里有个坑就是，安装好QT之后"安装目录/5.15.2/gcc_64/lib/pkgconfig"里面的.pc文件prefix不一定对，需要修改所有的.pc文件。我用jedit进行了批量替换，把"prefix=/home/qt/work/install"换成了"prefix=/opt/qt5.15.x/5.15.2/gcc_64"。为了让configure能找到安装好的QT，还要把QT pkgconfig文件夹加入到PKG_CONFIG_PATH中，参考QT PKG_CONFIG_PATH：

export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/opt/qt5.15.x/5.15.2/gcc_64/lib/pkgconfig/

下载源码

wget https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/octave/octave-7.1.0.tar.gz && \
tar -xzf octave-7.1.0.tar.gz                               && \
cd octave-7.1.0

Configure & Build

先生成makeinstall文件：

mkdir .build                            && \
cd    .build                            && \
./../configure --prefix=$HOME/my_octave && \ [1]

“$HOME/my_octave"中"my_octave"可以改成自己想要的名字。我改成了"shiliu_octave”，记住这个路径，下面会用到。

然后编译：

make -j4

QT flags报错

报错：

uic: Unknown option 'qt'.

修改.build文件下面的Makefile，把uic后面的qt5 flag删掉，将

UICFLAGS = -qt=5

改为

UICFLAGS = 

报错：

rcc: Unknown option 'qt'.

类似地，将

RCCFLAGS = -qt=5

改成

RCCFLAGS = 

如果moc也报错的话，就进行类似的修改，这里参考了Unknown option 'qt5’的解决思路。

QT语言转换文件报错

报错：

  GEN      libgui/languages/be_BY.qm
Usage:
    lrelease [options] -project project-file
    lrelease [options] ts-files [-qm qm-file]

lrelease is part of Qt's Linguist tool chain. It can be used as a
stand-alone tool to convert XML-based translations files in the TS
format into the 'compiled' QM format used by QTranslator objects.

Passing .pro files to lrelease is deprecated.
Please use the lrelease-pro tool instead, or use qmake's lrelease.prf
feature.

Options:
    -help  Display this information and exit
    -idbased
           Use IDs instead of source strings for message keying
    -compress
           Compress the QM files
    -nounfinished
           Do not include unfinished translations
    -removeidentical
           If the translated text is the same as
           the source text, do not include the message
    -markuntranslated <prefix>
           If a message has no real translation, use the source text
           prefixed with the given string instead
    -project <filename>
           Name of a file containing the project's description in JSON format.
           Such a file may be generated from a .pro file using the lprodump tool.
    -silent
           Do not explain what is being done
    -version
           Display the version of lrelease and exit
Makefile:30791: recipe for target 'libgui/languages/be_BY.qm' failed

解决办法，我们自己用命令进行转换，这里参考iterate files，给出一个批量将.ts文件转换成.qm文件的.sh脚本：

DIRECTORY=.

for i in *.ts; do
    lrelease $i
done

将这四行内容写到一个.sh文件中，置于octave-7.1.0/libgui/languages目录，添加可执行权限，即可将该目录下面的所有.ts文件转换为.qm文件。

ZLIB报错

configure的时候Z libraries能找到，但是编译的时候会报错找不到相关的函数uncompress2：

./../libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat5.cc: In function ‘std::__cxx11::string read_mat5_binary_element(std::istream&, const string&, bool, bool&, octave_value&)’:
./../libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat5.cc:535:67: error: ‘uncompress2’ was not declared in this scope
                        reinterpret_cast<Bytef *> (inbuf), &elt_len)
                                                                   ^
./../libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat5.cc:552:38: error: ‘uncompress2’ was not declared in this scope
                              &elt_len);
                                      ^
Makefile:18990: recipe for target 'libinterp/corefcn/libcorefcn_la-ls-mat5.lo' failed

解决办法：修改octave-7.1.0/libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat5.cc里面的代码，将

#if defined (HAVE_ZLIB)

改成

#if 0

绕过uncompress2。最后，成功编译。

Check & Install

make check                              && \
make install

通过绝对路径启动Octave：

$HOME/shiliu_octave/bin/octave --gui

用alias简化命令：

echo "alias shiliu_octave='$HOME/shiliu_octave/bin/octave --gui &'" >> ~/.bashrc
source $HOME/.bashrc

编译的Octave没有内置文本编辑器，需要安装第三方文本编辑器，可以选择Emacs。

参考链接

1. https://wiki.octave.org/Building
2. https://wiki.octave.org/Octave_for_Debian_systems#The_right_way
3. https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/help-octave/2016-08/msg00161.html
4. macos - Octave configure cannot find Qt library on OS X - Stack Overflow
   https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24281366/octave-configure-cannot-find-qt-library-on-os-x
5. GNU Octave - Bugs: bug #55282, QT_CPPFLAGS and QT_LDFLAGS… [Savannah]
   https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?55282
6. compiling - Trouble with Qt libraries while installing Gnu Octave 4.0.0 from source - Ask Ubuntu
   https://askubuntu.com/questions/659236/trouble-with-qt-libraries-while-installing-gnu-octave-4-0-0-from-source
7. Find and replace text within multiple files - Ask Ubuntu
   https://askubuntu.com/questions/84007/find-and-replace-text-within-multiple-files
8. ubuntu - Bash script to iterate files in directory and pattern match filenames - Stack Overflow
   https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11185771/bash-script-to-iterate-files-in-directory-and-pattern-match-filenames